Gilbert综合征及其分子遗传学基础

Gilbert综合征是先天性、非溶血性、非结合性高胆红素血症.临床以间歇性轻度黄疸为特征.其发病机制主要是编码尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖苷酸基转移酶同工酶(UGT1A1)基因突变.此基因突变还可影响药物葡萄糖醛酸化,治疗剂量即可发生未预期的毒性.UGT1A1基因的检测对于Gilbert综合征的诊断、治疗和遗传咨询具有重要意义.     

UGT1A1基因多态性分析与新生儿高胆红素血症的关系

目的探讨尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)基因Gly71Arg突变与新生儿高胆红素血症的关系。方法选择2009年6月至2011年4月深圳市第五人民医院出生的新生儿,分为高胆红素血症组(观察组)和对照组。采用突变特异性扩增系统法检测UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg突变。结果观察组168例,对照组157例,UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg突变中A等位基因频率分别为0.27和0.12,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.58,P<0.05)。与携带G/G基因型新生儿相比,Gly71Arg突变(A/A+G/A)可增加新生儿高胆红素血症的发病风险(OR=2.71,95%CI1.68～4.38)。结论 UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg突变与新生儿高胆红素血症发生相关。     

广西黑衣壮族高胆红素血症新生儿UGT1A1基因突变分析

目的 探讨广西黑衣壮族高胆红素血症新生儿尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1（UGT1A1）基因的突变分布特点及其与高胆红素血症的关系。方法 提取黑衣壮族高胆红素血症新生儿（病例组）及对照组新生儿血液基因组DNA各100例,对UGT1A1 启动子TATA盒及所有外显子进行PCR扩增及直接测序。结果 检测到UGT1A1 启动子TATA盒（TA）7插入突变、第1外显子G71R错义突变及第5外显子中4个SNP位点（rs199539868、rs114982090、rs1042640、rs8330）。病例组的G71R等位基因频率显著高于对照组（PP>0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示UGT1A1 TATA盒、G71R、rs1042640及rs8330对新生儿高胆红素血症发生的OR值（95%CI）分别为0.846（0.440,1629）、3.932（1.745,8.858）、0.899（0.364,2.222）。结论 UGT1A1基因（TA）7插入突变与G71R错义突变是广西黑衣壮族高胆红素血症新生儿的常见突变类型,4个SNP 位点（rs199539868、rs114982090、rs1042640、rs8330）为国内首次报道。UGT1A1 G71R错义突变是广西黑衣壮族新生儿高胆红素血症的危险因素。     

UGT1A1基因G71R突变与新生儿不明原因严重高胆红素血症相关

目的探讨尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)基因G71R突变与新生儿严重高胆红素血症的相关性。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,病例组为复旦大学附属儿科医院(我院)收治的不明原因严重高胆红素血症(血清总胆红素水平≥342μmol·L-1)新生儿,采用PCR对外周血UGT1A1基因进行检测。对照组为我院新生儿出生缺陷生物样本数据库中血清总胆红素水平221μmol·L-1病例。病例组及对照组新生儿均要求胎龄≥35周,出生体重≥2 500 g。结果病例组和对照组各65例。UGT1A1 G71R是病例组中最常见的突变类型(73.8%,48/65)。对照组UGT1A1 G71R突变位点与既往Meta分析中提取的中国健康新生儿对比,在基因型分布及等位基因频率上差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。病例组和对照组UGT1A1基因G71R突变中A等位基因频率分别为0.5和0.15,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),把握度为0.993。与携带G/G基因型新生儿相比,UGT1A1 G71R突变(A/A+G/A基因)可增加新生儿严重高胆红素血症的发病风险(OR=7.373,95%CI:3.395~16.008),把握度为1.0。结论 UGT1A1基因G71R突变与新生儿不明原因严重高胆红素血症相关。     

北方地区新生儿高胆红素血症患儿UGT1A1和OATP2基因突变的研究

目的了解我国北方地区新生儿高胆红素血症的形成与尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)和有机阴离子转运载体2(OATP2)基因突变的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法测定新生儿重症高胆红素血症、高胆红素血症及非高胆红素血症患儿的UGT1A1基因211位点(Gly71Arg)突变及OATP2基因388位点(Asn130Asp)突变,并检验各组基因型分布及等位基因频率差异。应用Logistic回归模型,分析两种基因突变对高胆红素血症的影响。结果重症高胆红素血症组68例,高胆红素血症组95例,对照组63例。重症高胆红素血症组和高胆红素血症组UGT1A1基因211位点突变率和OATP2基因388位点突变率均高于对照组(36.8%、26.8%比14.3%,25.7%、25.8%比9.5%,P均<0.05);重症高胆红素血症组和高胆红素血症组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,UGT1A1基因211位点突变和OATP2基因388位点突变是新生儿重症高胆红素血症的危险因素,OR值(95%CI)分别为5.052(2.383～10.713)和2.692(1.236～5.862)(P=0.001和0.013)。结论携带UGT1A1基因211位点突变及OATP2基因388位点突变与新生儿高胆红素血症的形成有一定关系。     

UGT1A1基因多态性与新生儿黄疸遗传关联性的Meta分析

目的 评价不同人群UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性、TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸的遗传关联性。方法 制定原始文献的纳入标准、排除标准及检索策略,检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of sciences、Cochrance图书馆、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时间均为建库至2010年2月。获得UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性、TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸遗传关联性的相关文献。以新生儿黄疸为病例组。依据NHI-NHGRI研究工作组2007年制定的遗传关联性研究报告规范为基础,并依据相关文献选取其中的14条标准用于文献质量评价。以基因型和等位基因频率为指标,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析,计算合并的OR值及其95%CI。 结果 共检索到相关文献284篇,22篇文献进入Meta分析（英文文献18篇,中文文献4篇）;病例组1 444例,对照组1 835例。按人群构成分为4个亚组：中国,日本,马来西亚和泰国及高加索人群（印度、土耳其和美国）。①GLY71ARG基因型A/A+G/A频率：中国（OR=2.84,95%CI：2.14~3.76）,日本（OR=3.22,95%CI：2.03~5.11）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=2.41,95%CI：1.56~3.72）病例组均显著高于对照组;高加索人群（OR=1.98,95%CI：0.49~8.03）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。基因型A/A频率：中国（OR=6.47,95%CI：3.24~12.94）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=21.01,95%CI：5.21~84.79）病例组均显著高于对照组;日本（OR=3.08,95%CI：1.00~9.49）和高加索人群（OR=5.89,95%CI：0.24~145.49）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义。A等位基因频率：中国（OR=2.82,95%CI：2.22~3.58）,日本（OR=2.50,95%CI：1.72~3.62）,马来西亚和泰国人群（OR=3.01,95%CI：2.07~4.37）病例组均显著高于对照组;高加索人群（OR=2.47,95%CI：0.66~9.25）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。②TATA基因型7/7+6/7频率：中国（OR=0.59,95%CI：0.36~0.96）和日本人群（OR=0.15,95%CI：0.04~0.51）对照组均显著高于病例组;马来西亚（OR=1.31,95%CI：0.59~2.92）和高加索人群（OR=1.18,95%CI：0.68~2.02）病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义。基因型7/7频率：中国（OR=1.78,95%CI：0.11~28.69）,日本（OR=0.38,95%CI：0.04~3.56）,马来西亚（OR=2.46,95%CI：0.46~13.06）和高加索人群（OR=1.45,95%CI：0.91~2.33）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义。等位基因7频率：中国（OR=0.65,95%CI：0.35~1.21）,马来西亚（OR=1.40,95%CI：0.59~3.29）和高加索人群（OR=1.17,95%CI：0.80~1.69）病例组与对照组差异均无统计学意义;日本人群（OR=0.15,95%CI：0.04~0.50）对照组显著高于病例组。结论 现有证据表明UGT1A1基因GLY71ARG多态性与中国、日本、马来西亚及泰国人群新生儿黄疸有关联性;启动子TATA重复多态性与新生儿黄疸无关联性。     

广西新生儿胆红素-尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶基因Gly71Arg突变的研究

目的　探讨广西新生儿迁延性黄疸与胆红素 尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶 (UGT1A1,B UGT)基因Gly71Arg突变的关系。方法　采用常规方法提取广西 2 5例病因不明的迁延性黄疸新生儿及 6 0例正常健康儿DNA ,用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)方法扩增UGT1A1第 1外显子 ,琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定产物 ,用等位特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交法 (ASO)检测基因Gly71Arg突变。选部分经ASO检测正常和突变的PCR产物进行DNA测序。结果　 2 5例迁延性黄疸新生儿中 15例UGT1A1基因存在Gly71Arg错义突变 ,即第 2 11位核苷酸有G→A点突变 (G2 11A) ,使第 71位密码子GGA变成AGA ,相应编码的甘氨酸变成精氨酸。 13例为杂合子 ,2例为纯合子 ,等位基因频率 0 34。 6 0例正常健康儿Gly71Arg等位基因频率 0 0 8。迁延性黄疸新生儿等位基因频率较正常健康儿显著增高 (P <0 0 0 0 1)。送检样品测序结果与ASO结果一致。结论　广西存在UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg突变。广西迁延性黄疸患儿与UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg突变密切相关 ,提示这可能是广西新生儿迁延性黄疸的原因之一     

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1基因与新生儿黄疸

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（UGT）是胆红素结合的关键酶,此酶的缺陷使胆红素不能与葡萄糖醛酸结合形成结合胆红素,使非结合胆红素在体内堆积,导致Crigler—Najjiar综合征（包括Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型）和Gilbert综合征。CN—Ⅰ型患儿由于高度缺乏UGT,生后1～2d即出现严重黄疸,血清间接胆红素可达256．5～595．0μnaol／L,苯巴比妥治疗无效,需换血与光疗结合,常见短期内出现胆红素脑病,多在新生儿期和婴儿期死亡,属常染色体隐性遗传。CN—Ⅱ型为UGT活性缺陷,但并非完全缺乏,可表现为新生儿期较轻的黄疸,但也可发生严重的高胆红素血症和核黄疸。血清间接胆红素浓度一般在85—340μmol／L,苯巴比妥治疗有效,属常染色体显性遗传。Gilbert综合征为一种轻度的慢性高间接胆红素血症,系由肝脏摄取胆红素缺陷和UGT活性降低所致,通常于青春期才症状明显,给苯巴比妥能降低总胆红素值,是一种常染色体显性遗传病。     

新生儿重症高胆红素血症与UGTlA1基因多态性的相关性研究

目的探讨尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)基因G1y71Arg多态性对新生儿重症高胆红素血症的影响。方法选取2014年7月至2015年7月我院收治的重症高胆红素血症新生儿为高胆组,生理性黄疸新生儿为对照组。采用聚合酶链反应扩增UGT1A1基因第一外显子,并对其产物进行DNA测序。结果高胆组和对照组各纳入60例,两组性别、出生体重、日龄、血型、入院时肝功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),入院时总胆红素值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组UGT1A1基因第一外显子G1y71Arg基因型Arg/Arg、Arg/Gly、Gly/Gly频率分别为43.3%、50.0%、6.7%和3.3%、65.0%、31.7%,基因型分布差异有统计学意义(x~2=31.528,P<0.001);高胆组Gly71Arg中Arg等位基因频率为68.3%,显著高于对照组35.8%,差异有统计学意义(x~2=25.394,P<0.001)。UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg多态性是新生儿高胆红素血症的影响因素(OR=3.864,95%CI2.261~6.604)。结论 UGT1A1基因Gly71Arg多态性可能与新生儿重症高胆红素血症相关。     

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶基因突变的研究现状

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶（UGT）基因突变可引起先天性高非结合胆红素血症。现就UGT基因突变研究现状进行综述,包括UGT基因的定位及结构,UGT突变与Crigler-Najjar综合征Ⅰ（CNⅠ）、Crigler-Najjar综合征Ⅱ（CNⅡ）和Gilbert综合征（GS）以及UGT基因治疗研究进展等。UGT基因突变研究,将有助于先天性高非结合胆红素血症的临床诊断和治疗。     

Novel missense mutation of the UGT1A1 gene in Thai siblings with Gilbert''s syndrome

BACKGROUND: Gilbert's syndrome is a common inherited disorder of bilirubin metabolism contributing to the development of neonatal jaundice and causing recurrent jaundice after the neonatal period. In the patients with Gilbert's syndrome, mutations have been reported in the promoter and exons of the uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase 1 (UGT1A1) gene on chromsome 2q37, which encodes bilirubin uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase. However, the genetic basis of Gilbert's syndrome, including its inheritance trait, remains to be clarified. METHODS: Patients 1 and 2 were Thai sisters with Gilbert's syndrome. They had a history of prolonged neonatal jaundice and showed recurrent jaundice after their infancy, while the parents showed no symptoms. To search for the mutation in the patients, all exons of the UGT1A1 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced directly. The frequency of the mutation in controls was studied by PCR-restriction enzyme digestion method. RESULTS: The patients were homozygous for a novel single transition of T to C at nucleotide position 247 (exon 1), which would predict a substitution of leucine for phenylalanine at codon 83 of the enzyme protein. No other mutation was detected in any regions except exon 1. The parents with no symptoms showed heterozygosity for the mutation. Among the 110 Japanese controls, no homozygous individuals and three heterozygous individuals for the mutation were identified, giving a mutated allele frequency of 0.0136. CONCLUSIONS: A novel missense mutation in the UGT1A1 gene was identified in two Thai siblings with Gilbert's syndrome. The affected family showed that homozygosity for the mutation may lead to apparent symptoms and that the syndrome was inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The mutation does not explain a high incidence of neonatal jaundice in Japan, because it is very rare in the Japanese population.     

A new case of (TA)8 allele in the UGT1A1 gene promoter in a Caucasian girl with Gilbert syndrome

The authors describe a 5-year-old Caucasian girl, referred to their hospital for evaluation of an unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (57.9 μmol/L) detected from blood analysis during an episode of fever. The molecular analysis of the TATA-box region of the UGT1A1 gene revealed that the patient was a compound heterozygote for two insertions, one TA and the other TATA [(TA)₇/(TA)₈]. This is the first case of (TA)8 allele found in a Portuguese Caucasian patient and the third found in the literature.     

Acetaminophen administration in a patient with Gilbert's syndrome

The patient was an 8‐year‐old Japanese girl with Gilbert's syndrome (GS). Based on the DNA analysis, she was homozygous for a T‐to‐G transversion at nucleotide position 1456 in the UGT1A1 gene, leading to the substitution of aspartate for tyrosine at position 486 of the UGT1A1 enzyme. Because this mutation is located in an exon common to UGT1A genes, all the UGT1A enzymes may be affected. It is well‐known that UGT1A1, UGT1A6 and UGT1A9 enzymes glucuronidate acetaminophen. To evaluate acetaminophen tolerance in the patient, serum acetaminophen levels were determined after oral administration of acetaminophen (15 mg/kg). The maximum serum acetaminophen level reached (12.8 µg/mL) was far below the toxic level. The finding suggested that the usual therapeutic dose of acetaminophen is safe for the GS patient. The combination of mutation analysis in UGT1A1 and acetaminophen loading test may be useful to avoid adverse effect in GS patients.     

Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome with a novel mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene in a Japanese family

Tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a dominantly inherited disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of sustained fever. Here we report a case of TRAPS with a novel TNFRSF1A mutation, C70S, in a Japanese family. The mutation disrupts one of the three disulphide bonds in cysteine-rich domain 2 of TNF receptor 1, similar to the reported mutations of the same cysteine residue (C70R, C70Y). This is the first confirmed case of TRAPS in an eastern Asian population. The patients asymptomatic sister as well as their mother with mild symptoms had the same mutation. Conclusion: Although tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome has been reported mainly in families of northern European ancestry, our case suggests the need to include it in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent fever even in ethnic groups in which no case has been documented.Abbreviations CRD cysteine-rich domain - sTNFR soluble TNF receptor - TNF- tumour necrosis factor - TNFR TNF receptor - TRAPS TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome     

UGT1A1 TATA基因突变与新生儿高胆红素血症的关系

新生儿高未结合胆红素血症是一种常见病,我国南方葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺陷致新生儿黄疸临床多见。东亚人、同胞兄弟姐妹中有黄疸史及家族中有黄疸史者发病率高等危险因素均提示遗传因素在新生儿黄疸发病中有一定作用。近年来,不少学者提出葡萄糖醛酸转移酶基因缺陷是新生儿黄疸的重要发病机制之一,G-6-PD缺陷与葡萄糖醛酸转移酶基因突变对新生儿黄疸发病存在协同作用。现就新生儿高胆红素血症发病中遗传因素的新进展作一综述。     

Unusual Gilbert's syndrome genotype in a Greek patient suffering from both Gilbert's syndrome and familial mediterranean fever. A case report

Gilbert's syndrome is a genetically controlled non-hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, caused by reduced activity of UDP-glucoroniltransferase 1, an enzyme critical in bilirubin metabolism. Several molecular configurations may be implicated in a Gilbert's phenotype. Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited acute relapsing inflammatory disorder, affecting Mediterranean and Middle East populations. The molecular basis of the disorder concerns the MEFV gene coding for a protein named pyrin; several point mutations of MEFV gene have been associated with the disease. The authors present an unusual patient co-affected by both Gilbert's syndrome and FMF who carried a peculiar Gilbert's genotype. The coexistence of these two genetic conditions seems to be rare but interesting as the potentially overlapping clinical symptoms may rise interesting diagnostic problems.