Sublingual epidermoid cyst

Dermoid and epidermoid cysts are developmental pathologies that occur in the head and neck with an incidence ranging from 1.6 to 6.9%, and they represent less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts.Our purpose is to report a case of sublingual epidermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth. We studied and operated on an 18-year-old white male patient showing a large swelling of oral floor. His main symptoms were difficulty breathing, swallowing, and speaking. At his birth the patient's tongue was adherent to the floor of the mouth. His father had the same problem at birth. Both father and son underwent surgical separation of tongue, during the post-neonatal period.After the surgical removal of the swelling, under general anesthesia, all the patient's symptoms were missed. Histological examination of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst. No relapse of the lesion was present in ten months of follow-up. Many theories are proposed on the etiology of the epidermoid and dermoid cyst. In this case a traumatic event can be found, such as an operation of the tongue in neonatal age. However a multifactorial origin must be assumed for justifying the fact that the patient's father did not develop a dermoid cyst although he had the same problem of an adherent tongue and was operated on.     

Lateral dermoid cyst

This is an unusual case of a lateral dermoid cyst that caused some diagnostic confusion.     

Simultaneous occurrence of sublingual dermoid cyst and oral alimentary tract cyst in an infant: a case report and review of the literature

The simultaneous occurrence of sublingual dermoid cyst and oral alimentary tract cyst is very rare. A literature search revealed only two previous cases and one other, where a dermoid cyst was associated with a gastrointestinal microcyst in its cyst wall. We report a case of a six-week-old Caucasian boy, who presented with swelling of the tongue and floor of mouth, which interfered with his normal feeding and swallowing. The swelling was rapidly increasing in size and had become an airway threat. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans revealed the presence of a lobulated lesion arising in the region of the floor of the mouth on the left and a further lobule which actually invaded the soft tissues of the inferior aspect of the tongue. These two cystic lesions were excised surgically via an intraoral approach and the infant made a complete recovery postoperatively, with resumption of normal feeding and swallowing. The differential diagnoses and approach to sublingual swellings are discussed and the importance of prompt treatment is emphasized.     

Median dermoid cyst.

This report describes a median sublingual dermoid cyst in a 25-year-old male. These cysts are uncommon in the head and neck region, and rare in the floor of the mouth. The cyst was enucleated intact through a mid-line saggital incision in the floor of the mouth, and healing was uneventful. Histological examination, revealing that the cyst wall contained skin appendages, smooth muscle, and a lining of orthokeratinised stratified squamous epithelium, confirmed the diagnosis.     

Nasal hair matrix cyst mimicking dermoid cyst

Dermoid cysts are primarily observed in the head and neck region. Nasal dermoids are uncommon. The terms nasal dermoid, nasal epidermoid, and nasal sebaceous cysts are used interchangeably by clinicians. Hair matrix cyst is a variant of epidermal cyst resembling the pattern of pilomatrixoma. Formerly, nasal hair matrix cyst has not been reported at all. Here, an additional pathologic proof is presented as well.     

Heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst partially lined with dermoid cyst epithelium

We report a rare heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst located in the right submandibular/submental area with histopathologic features that included portions resembling a dermoid cyst. Some theories of pathogenesis are discussed, and an origin of this lesion in entrapped undifferentiated endodermal cells is suggested.     

Dermoid cyst of the tongue: an association of dermoid cyst with bronchogenic epithelium.

A congenital dermoid together with a bronchogenic cyst of the tongue is extremely rare. The diagnosis made in this case of a 1-year-old boy was "teratoid cyst of the tongue". A surgical exploration was performed under general anaesthesia via a midline sagittal glossotomy. The tumour was completely dissected and excised, the microscopical examination of the surgical specimen revealed multiple cystic cavities lined by a keratinized squamous epithelium with skin appendages and fatty tissue. Others were composed of cylindrical, ciliated epithelial cells of respiratory type. This is the third reported case in the world literature. All cases were reviewed and compared with this case.     

Midline dermoid cyst resulting in frontal bone erosion

A dermoid cyst is a thin-walled benign tumor formed by the entrapment of ectodermal tissue during embryologic development, resulting in the inclusion of epithelium and adnexal elements within the tumor. Dermoids are not unique to a single anatomic location but are often isolated to the skin and subcutaneous tissue. They may occur intracranially or intra-abdominally, oftentimes associated with the ovary. If presenting as a midline mass of the skull, preoperative imaging with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging is necessary to evaluate for possible intracranial extension, given the altered embryologic development behind the formation of these cysts. Differential diagnosis of a midline frontonasal mass includes epidermoid or dermoid cyst, encephalocele, glioma, and sinus pericranii. The management of suspected dermoid cysts includes complete surgical excision, which may require a combined intracranial and extracranial approach. We present a 2-year-old boy who presented to our institution with a congenital midline scalp mass separate from the anterior fontanelle with complete underlying bony erosion to the sagittal sinus demonstrated on preoperative imaging, who required early surgical excision and reconstruction of the bony defect.     

Sliding dermoid cyst. A case report

Dermoid cysts of the oral cavity usually present as a solitary, painless mass in the midline or, on occasion, more laterally in the submandibular region. A patient is described who presented with a mass in the submandibular region, which could be made to appear or disappear at will. This unusual manifestation occurred as the cyst plunged around the posterior border of the mylohyoid on tensing the floor of the mouth.     

Lingual epidermoid cyst: case report in an infant

The purpose of this article was to present a rare case of epidermoid cyst on the ventral region of the tongue in a 15-month-old child. During clinical examination, a sessile, yellowish lesion measuring approximately 0.5 cm was noticed. The lesion had existed since the child's birth and was causing discomfort due to friction of the tongue against the alveolar ridge during mastication. The chosen treatment was total removal of the lesion. The histopathological findings confirm the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst, characterized by the presence of: (1) a cyst cavity lined by stratified squamous epithelium with keratinization on the surface; and (2) connective tissue with a mild inflammation. The proposed treatment was considered successful as the case was solved and there was no recurrence.     

Coexisting congenital sublingual dermoid and bronchogenic cyst

A congenital dermoid together with a bronchogenic cyst at the base of the tongue is extremely rare. We describe a 5-year-old boy who presented with an enlarged anterior segment of mandible, slight swelling of the left submandibular region, and a large swelling of the floor of the mouth that was displacing the tongue posteriorly. Both cysts were successfully excised and the boy made an uncomplicated recovery. Occlusion and mastication returned to normal and his speech improved remarkably.