2008年洱源县新联村血吸虫病监测分析

洱源县新联村属高原平坝型血吸虫病重度流行区.历史累计钉螺面积286万m2,历史累计患者1 258人,累计晚期血吸虫病患者12人.现有钉螺面积11.71万m2.200:5年起进行血吸虫病疫情监测,现将2008年监测结果报告如下:     

2005年洱源县血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

为及时掌握洱源县血吸虫病流行动态和规律,为防治措施和防治策略的制定提供科学依据,按《全国血吸虫病疫情监测方案》有关要求,2005年完成了国家级血吸虫病疫情监测点前甸村的监测,现将结果报告如下。1试区概况前甸村属高原丘陵型血吸虫病流行区,是洱源县20个血吸虫病未控制村之一,全村总人口1650人,总耕地面积156hm2,历史累计钉螺面积1083853m2,现有钉螺面积534296m2,历史累计血吸虫病人394人。钉螺分布最高海拔2396m,最低1922m。由于投入等方面原因,前甸村多年未全面开展防治工作,血吸虫病疫情回升明显。2内容与方法2.1病情监测6~10月采用…     

2007年洱源县前甸村血吸虫病疫情监测

为掌握洱源县血吸虫病疫情现状和流行动态，为制定全县血吸虫病防治策略和防治措施提供科学依据，按《全国血吸虫病监测方案》有关要求，2007年完成了国家级血吸虫病疫情监测点前甸村的监测工作，结果报告如下。     

2004-2008年洱源县控制急性血吸虫病效果观察

洱源县是血吸虫病流行的重疫县,是全国106个未控制流行县(市)之一.全县有8个镇乡、56个行政村、382个自然村流行血吸虫病,历史累计钉螺面积4 332万m2,历史累计患者47 846人,累计晚期血吸虫病患者546人.洱源县的血吸虫病防治工作始于1953年,经过多年的防治,已取得实质性成效,血吸主虫病流行得到有效遏制.     

洱源县晚期血吸虫病患者调查

洱源县是血吸虫病流行的重疫区,是全国110个未控制流行的县(市)之一。全县有9个镇乡、56个行政村、382个自然村流行血吸虫病,历史累计钉螺面积4332万m2,历史累计患者47794人,现有患者12559人,累计晚期血吸虫病患者428人,病牛2645头,现有钉螺面积1050万m2:稻田659万m2,灌溉沟和菜园沟有螺面积368万m2,鱼塘3万m2,草滩20万m2。洱源县的血吸虫病防治工作始于1953年,经过多年的防治,至2004年,全县有13个行政村达血吸虫病传播阻断标准;23个行政村达血吸虫病传播控制标准。1991年进行一次晚期血吸虫病患者调查,至今已13年。为准确而及时地反映洱源…     

云南平坝型重疫区分阶段实施优化防治措施控制血吸虫病的研究

云南血吸虫病流行以坝区为重 〔1〕。近年来 ,由于连续实施了化疗为主辅以易感环境灭螺的防治措施 ,疫情普遍下降 ,坝区降幅明显大于山区 〔2〕。但是 ,当疫情降到一定程度后 ,继续实施以上防治措施 ,疫情却呈徘徊态势 ,通过优化防治措施 ,疫情又开始快速下降。本文以洱源县大佛村为试点 ,连续观察 8年 ,结果报道如下。1　材料与方法1.1　材料　大佛村是高原平坝型血吸虫病重流行村 ,人口10 89人 ,黄牛 491头。1.2　方法1.2 .1　防治措施1.2 .1.1　第一阶段 (1992～ 1996年 )　实施人畜同步群体化疗为主 ,辅以部分易感环境灭螺的措施。每年…     

洱源县2000-2004年血吸虫病疫情分析

洱源县是云南省血吸虫病重流行县。全县10个镇乡中有9个镇乡、90个行政村中有56个流行血吸虫病,流行自然村382个,流行区人口17·2万人,全县历史累计钉螺面积43329015m2,患者47824人,迄2000年止,有23个行政村达血吸虫病传播控制标准,有13个行政村达传播阻断标准,20个行政村疫情仍然未得到控制。三营地区是洱源县血吸虫病流行最严重的地区,该地区历史累计钉螺面积和患者分别占全县的43·82%和26·67%,为此2000-2004年主要在该地区实施免疫学查治病,几年来,全县血吸虫病的流行状况发生了一些变化。现对2000-2004年的疫情进行分析,为今后制定防…     

洱源县新联村2006年血吸虫病防治监测分析

洱源县新联村是高原平坝型血吸虫病重度流行区。位于县城北部,海拔2068m,东径26.1726°、北纬99.9705°。全村有884户,总人口3847人,耕地面积436.87hm2。牛存栏2809头,下辖11个自然村,15个农业社。历史累计钉螺面积286km2,历史累计患者1258人,累计晚血12人。现有钉螺面积26.22km2,患者114人,现存晚血3人。世行贷款血吸虫病控制项目实施4年,一度使疫情得到控制。项目结束后,由于受经费制约,干预力度减少,疫情有所回升。2005年起实施了洱源县综合治理血吸虫病项目,现将2005-2006年监测结果分析如下。1方法1.1查灭螺在新联村历史有螺环境及可疑…     

2006年泰州市血吸虫病疫情分析

泰州市曾是江苏省血吸虫病流行较为严重的地区之一,经过几十年的反复防治,目前所辖的各市(区)均已达到传播阻断标准。为掌握泰州市血吸虫病疫情动态,2006年全市开展了血吸虫病病情和螺情调查。1内容与方法1.1资料来源全市各地血吸虫病防治工作统计资料。1.2病情调查对流行村6周     

云南省洱源县血吸虫病诊断网络实验室运行效果分析

目的探索2012-2015年云南省洱源县血吸虫病诊断网络县级实验室建设运行工作模式。方法收集云南省洱源县血吸虫病诊断网络县级实验室2012-2015年相关工作资料进行分析。结果 4年检测标本8 007份,其中;血吸虫病间接血清凝集试验(IHA)3 433份,血吸虫尼龙袋集卵孵化试验2 207份,旋毛虫抗体检测2 377份。质量控制;完成8批次共58份各类单盲法质控标本检测,经上级考核符合率达100%。结论洱源县血吸虫病诊断网络实验室的建成,填补了洱源县缺乏血吸虫病诊断网络平台的空白,有力促进了血吸虫病诊断工作的升级与发展。     

Syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea screening in HIV-infected patients in primary care, San Francisco, California, 2003

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening among HIV-infected persons in order to reduce HIV transmission. We evaluated the results of routine screening for syphilis and for urogenital, pharyngeal, and rectal gonorrhea (GC) and chlamydia (CT) among asymptomatic HIV-infected patients at an HIV primary care clinic in San Francisco, California. We found 15 new syphilis infections of 814 tested (1.8%) and 60 new cases of CT or GC infection of 586 tested (10.2%), with 88% of GC and CT infections occurring at nonurethral sites. Our study reveals a high rate of asymptomatic STDs among HIV-infected patients in primary care and supports the CDC recommendations to screen HIV-infected patients for STDs at all relevant anatomic sites.     

Strikes, flooding, rats, and leptospirosis in Marseille, France

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms by which weather conditions, the incidence of Leptospira in reservoir populations, and various socio-ecological factors are driving the emergence of leptospirosis in Marseille, France.

Methods

Over the last 30 years our laboratory has surveyed all human cases of leptospirosis in Marseille using clinical, epidemiological, serological, and molecular tools. Data for the weather conditions in Marseille were collected from the official meteorological station, and garbage management strikes were monitored through the local press. Rats were trapped in alleys near to where the patients may have acquired leptospirosis.

Results

Three new cases of autochthonous leptospirosis are reported. The global tendency for rainfall showed a slight increase over the period under analysis. The index case of leptospirosis occurred after a heavy rainfall with flooding. Over the last 10 years Marseille has undergone 82 days of garbage management strikes. Leptospira DNA was detected in two of 11 rats.

Conclusions

The emergence of leptospirosis has become a public health problem in Marseille, and is associated with a combination of heavy rainfall and garbage collection strikes in which garbage is left on the street and thereby contributes to the expansion of the rat population on the surface.     

Zinc, iron, copper, selenium, lactoferrin, and ferritin in human pus

BACKGROUND: Restriction of zinc and iron available for microbial growth in tissues are well-recognized host defense mechanisms. The present studies were performed to characterize some constituents of human pus that may affect these important host defenses. METHODS: Zinc, iron, copper, calcium, and magnesium in pus were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer; selenium was measured fluorometrically. Ferritin was measured with a fluorometric enzyme immunoassay, and lactoferrin was measured with a radial diffusion assay. The growth of Escherichia coli at 37 degrees C was measured in pus supernate adjusted to pH 5.5 or 7.4, in boiled supernate, or in supernate adjusted with 1.3 mM iron or 0.9 mM zinc singly or together. RESULTS: Zinc and iron concentrations in pus exceeded normal serum. Calcium and magnesium levels were 2- to 3-fold lower and higher, respectively, than normal serum values. Lactoferrin concentrations of were 880 +/- 48 microg/mL and ferritin levels were 20,726 +/- 2,667 ng/mL. Growth of an E coli strain was inhibited in pus at pH 5.5 but not at pH 7.4, and growth was enhanced by addition of iron or zinc to E coli suspended in pus at pH 6.7. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of the zinc, iron, copper, selenium, lactoferrin, and ferritin levels of human pus. These studies provide additional insight into host defense mechanisms mediated by the restriction of the bioavailability of zinc and iron in suppurative infection.