饮茶与结直肠癌发病风险关系meta分析

目的探讨饮茶与结直肠癌发病风险的关系,为结直肠癌的预防控制提供科学依据。方法检索中国知网数据库、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、PubMed数据库、Web of Science数据库、Springer Link数据库,并辅以文献追溯法收集各数据库建库至2019年4月1日国内外公开发表的有关饮茶与结直肠癌发病风险的相关文献;应用Stata 12.0软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入15篇文献(中文文献5篇,英文文献10篇),均为病例对照研究,累计病例组10 251例,对照组12 865例。meta分析结果显示,饮茶量最高组人群结直肠癌的发病风险为饮茶量最低组人群的0.78倍(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.68～0.90),饮绿茶量最高组人群结直肠癌的发病风险为饮绿茶量最低组人群的0.66倍(OR=0.66,95%CI=0.56～0.79),饮红茶与结直肠癌发病风险无关(OR=0.74,95%CI=0.38～1.45);亚组分析结果显示,亚洲地区、病例来源于人群和医院、中文文献和肿瘤部位在结直肠亚组中饮茶均可降低结直肠癌的发病风险(均P <0.05),研究地区可能是异...     

hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态性与食管癌及其临床病理特性的关系

[目的]探讨hOGG1Ser326Cys多态与食管癌易感性、临床病理特性之间的关系。[方法]选取河南省新乡市188例食管癌患者和203例正常对照作为研究对象,采用病例-对照研究方法,应用多聚酶链反应-单链构象多态（Dolymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism,PCR-SSCP）技术,分析两组人群hOGG1基因第326位点Ser／Ser、Ser／Cys和Cys／Cys基因型的分布,以及各基因型在不同临床病理特性中的分布差异。[结果]hOGG1三种基因型（Ser／Ser、Ser／Cys和Cys／Cys）在两组人群中的分布无统计学差异（Z=2.13,P=0.344）;在食管鳞状细胞癌组织学分型中,Ⅲ级与I级相比,hOGG1Cys／Cys基因型在分化程度差的食管癌中的分布明显增加（OR=3.69,95％CI：1.16-11.76）。[结论]hOGG1Cys／Cys基因型与食管鳞状细胞癌组织低分化相关,提示hOGG1活性降低可能预示食管癌预后不良。     

贵州1 326例结直肠癌患者住院费用分析△

目的：分析贵州地区结直肠癌患者疾病直接经济负担现状及影响因素,为优化医疗资源分布、减轻患者疾病直接经济负担、完善医疗保障制度提供参考依据。方法：对贵州省某三级甲等医院2014-2017年1 326例结直肠癌患者的住院总费用构成进行最小二乘法线性回归分析。结果：结直肠癌根治术患者住院天数中位数为26天,住院总费用中位数为55 048元,对住院总费用影响较大的费用是西成药费、材料费、手术费（P < 0.05）;非手术患者住院天数中位数为6天,住院总费用中位数为7 642元,影响较大的为西成药费、中成药费、检查费（P < 0.05）。结论：贵州地区结直肠癌患者疾病直接经济负担较重,应采取综合措施,合理控制疾病直接经济负担。     

hOGG1 Ser326Cys 基因多态性与高频听力损失易感性关系的探讨

目的探讨人8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶1(rs 1052133)的基因多态性(h OGG1 Ser326Cys)与高频听力损失易感性的关系。方法采用病例-对照的研究方法,根据《职业性噪声聋诊断标准》(GBZ49—2007),病例组为电测听双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d B的工人,对照组为年龄和性别与病例匹配且电测听双耳高频平均听阈40 d B的同岗位轮班工人,基因型的测定采用Taqman探针法。结果通过分析发现h OGG1 Cys/Cys基因型可能是高频听力损失的危险因素(调整OR=2.82,95%CI=1.38~5.77),分层分析发现h OGG1 Cys/Cys基因型与噪声作业工龄(15年)、噪声暴露水平[85 d B(A)]和吸烟等危险因素结合后,危险性可能增加(OR值变大)。结论 h OGG1 Cys/Cys基因型可能是汉族人群高频听力损失的危险因素之一。     

脂联素基因rs2241766、rs1501299多态性与结直肠癌发生风险研究

目的　探讨脂联素基因（ADIPOQ）rs2241766、rsl501299位点多态性与结直肠癌发生风险的关系,并分析2个位点与环境因素的交互作用在结直肠癌发生中的作用。方法　采用1：1匹配的病例对照研究,应用自行设计的调查问卷对400例经组织病理学确诊的结直肠癌原发新发病例及400例同期体检者进行面对面调查,收集两组研究对象的一般情况、生活方式及饮食习惯等资料,应用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）对两组研究对象ADIPOQ rs2241766、rs1501299基因型进行检测。结果　调整结直肠癌家族史、BMI、每日静坐时间、每周红肉摄入频次和经常饮茶等因素后,条件logistic回归分析结果表明,rs2241766TG+GG携带者结直肠癌发生风险高于TT携带者（OR=1．354,95％CI：1．004～1．827）,rsl501299 GT+TT携带者结直肠癌发生风险低于GG携带者（OR=0．680,95％CI：0．501～0．923）。广义多因子降维法分析结果显示,ADIPOQ rs2241766、rsl501299与红肉摄入可能存在交互作用（P=0．001）。趋势X²分析显示,风险基因型携带个数与结直肠癌发生风险之间存在剂量一反应关系（X²=8．458,P=0．004）。结论　ADIPOQ rs2241766、rs1501299位点多态性可能与结直肠癌发生有关,且可能与红肉摄入存在交互作用,共同影响结直肠癌发生。     

hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态与原发性肝癌关系的Meta分析

目的探讨hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态与原发性肝癌的关系。方法采用Meta分析对1994年1月至2009年11月国内外关于hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态与原发性肝癌关系的病例对照研究进行综合定量分析。结果共收集相关文献4篇,累计病例970例,对照991例。剔除日本人群数据后,hOGG1突变基因型(Cys/Cys+Ser/Cys)及突变纯合子基因型(Cys/Cys)与野生纯合子(Ser/Ser)比较,罹患肝癌的危险性均增高,合并的OR值分别为OR=1.89(1.47,2.41)和OR=2.32(1.06,5.06)。结论 hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态性与原发性肝癌易感性可能有关。     

常熟市居民结直肠癌发病与死亡趋势分析

目的了解常熟市居民结直肠癌发病和死亡状况及其变化趋势,为制定结直肠癌防治策略提供依据。方法利用常熟市疾控中心收集到的结直肠癌发病和死亡资料,计算常熟市居民结直肠癌的发病率、死亡率、截缩率、累计率和减寿率,运用线性回归法和对数曲线拟合法（Logarithmic模型）对常熟市居民结直肠癌发病与死亡长期观察数据进行趋势分析。结果 2004—2010年常熟市居民结直肠癌粗发病率和标化发病率均呈上升趋势（P〈0.05）,且男性发病率高于女性（P〈0.05）。在结直肠癌发病的部位构成中,以结肠癌和直肠癌为主,占97.46%。1973—2012年常熟市居民结直肠癌粗死亡率变化不稳定,但标化死亡率、截缩率、累积率、减寿率和标化减寿率均呈稳定的下降趋势,分别下降了57.75%、71.14%、69.86%、58.21%、60.00%和79.04%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论常熟市结直肠癌发病状况形势严峻,应继续加强恶性肿瘤监测和综合防治工作,以降低居民的结直肠癌发病率。     

基于常见遗传变异和传统风险因素的中国南方汉族人群结直肠癌风险预测模型研究

目的 基于结直肠癌全基因组关联研究(GWAS)发现的易感位点,联合传统风险因素建立中国南方汉族人群结直肠癌风险预测模型。方法 对1 066例结直肠癌患者和3 880例健康对照的21个GWAS候选位点进行基因分型,分析其与结直肠癌易感性之间的关联。通过遗传风险评分(GRS)和加权遗传风险评分(wGRS)计算显著候选位点的联合效应。以不同方式组合遗传风险评分和传统风险因素,构建结直肠癌风险预测模型,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线评价模型优劣性。结果 7个候选位点与结直肠癌易感性显著相关。随着风险评分的升高,人群患结直肠癌的风险也随之升高(GRS:P=0.002 6,wGRS:P<0.000 1),相比于四分位分组中最低一组,GRS和wGRS最高的一组OR值分别为1.33(95%CI:1.12~1.58,P=0.001 0)和1.76(95%CI:1.45~2.14,P<0.000 1)。联合传统风险因素和wGRS的模型为最优模型,其曲线下面积为0.593(95%CI:0.573~0.613)。结论 结直肠癌易感位点间存在显著的联合作用。相比于传统风险因素模型,传统风险因素结合加权遗传风险评分模型能更好预测结直肠癌的患病风险。     

A limited association of OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism for adenocarcinoma of the lung

The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) repairs DNA by removing 8-hydroxyguanine, a highly mutagenic oxidative DNA adduct. Recently, the gene for OGG1 was cloned and several polymorphisms have been reported. Because environmental carcinogens produce 8-hydroxyguanine residues that potentially cause oncogenic mutations by mismatching to this modified base, the capacity to repair these lesions can be involved in cancer susceptibility. This study investigated the association between OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and risk of the lung adenocarcinoma for Japanese by a prevalent case-control study in Japan. The subjects comprised 138 cases and 241 non-cancer outpatients as controls. OGG1 gene polymorphism was genotyped by a PCR-CTPP (polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers) method. The distribution of OGG1 Ser326Cys genotype among controls (Ser/Ser, 28.3%; Ser/Cys, 49.2%; and Cys/Cys, 22.5%) was not different from that among cases (Ser/Ser, 29.0%; Ser/Cys, 51.4%; and Cys/Cys, 24.0%). The sex-age adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.06 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-1.76 for Ser/Cys genotype and 0.81 with 0.44-1.52 for Cys/Cys genotype. The ORs according to the interval between diagnosis and study enrollment were also examined because the polymorphism was a potential prognostic factor of lung cancer. The ORs of Ser/Cys and Cys/Cys genotypes in the cases less than 3 years after diagnosis were higher than overall ORs; 1.86 (95%CI, 0.91-3.77), and 1.46 (0.64-3.35), respectively. The OR for smoking was not statistically different among genotype, though the sample size was too small to detect even a moderate interaction. This study supported the first study by Sugimura et al (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 1999; 8: 669-674), that the association of OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was limited for the risk of lung adenocarcinoma.     

ILIB启动子区多态性与癌症风险的meta分析

IL1B（Interleukin 1 beta）是一种对抗感染的前炎症因子,在肿瘤的发生发展中起着重要的作用。IL1B基因启动子区-31C／T多态性位点通过影响IL1B的转录参与癌症的发生。针对已有的研究存在结论不一致的现状,为了阐明两者之间的关系,我们对47篇发表的病例对照研究进行meta分析,其中包括11125病例和14415例对照。比值比（Odds Ratio,OR）和95％可信区间（CI）用来评估多态性位点与癌症风险的关联程度。在所有的对比中没有发现此多态性位点与所有癌症相关联。通过分层分析发现,携带C等位基因的个体比不带C等位基因的个体患肝癌的风险低（CCVS TT：OR=0．87,95％CI：0．77—0．98,Phetermgrenty=0．103;TC vs TT：OR=0．77,95％CI：0．62-0．95,Phetermgrenty=0．734;TC＋CC vs TT：OR=0．74,95％CI：0．61～0．91,Phetermgrenty=0．472）。同样,C／C基因型个体相比T,T基因型个体患胃癌风险低（OR=0．87,95％CI：0．77-0．98,Rhetermgrenty=0．103）。运用隐性模型,患胃癌的风险显著下降（OR=0．88,95％CI：0．80～0．97,Phetermgrenty=0．158）,在欧洲人群（OR=0．84,95％CI：0．73-0．97,Phetermgrenty=0．070）和感染-配埘研究（OR=0．75,95％CI：0．60～0．94,Phetermgrenty=0．220）中都发现有显著下降的风险;在乳腺癌中有显著增加的风险（OR=1．34,95％CI：1．18～1．61,Phetermgrenty=0．116）。虽然一些适度偏倚不能消除,此meta分析显示IL1B-3IC基因型是癌症发生的保护因素,特别是在感染人群中。     

8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶1基因多态性与食管癌关系

目的研究8-羟基鸟嘌呤糖苷酶1(hOGG1)基因Ser326Cys多态与淮安食管癌易感性的关系。方法采用配对病例-对照的流行病学方法,运用人工修饰双等位基因特异性引物扩增(diASA-AMP)技术分析了106对正常对照和食管癌患者hOGG1基因第326位Ser/Ser、Ser/Cys和Cys/Cys基因型分布,并比较不同基因型与食管癌发病风险的关系。结果对照人群的Ser/Ser、Ser/Cys和Cys/Cys基因型频率分别为19.8%,47.2%和33.0%,与现有的中国人群资料结果相近,等位基因型的测序结果与diASA-AMP结果相符。食管癌病例组、对照组的hOGG1 3种基因型分布的差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.439,P=0.696)。携带至少一个hOGG1 326Cys突变基因(Ser/Cys和Cys/Cys)与食管癌危险性无明显相关(OR=1.385;95%CI=0.678~2.823),亦未见hOGG1 Ser 326Cys基因多态与吸烟之间的交互作用。结论hOGG1 Ser326Cys基因多态与淮安地区食管癌易感性无相关性,在食管癌发病风险上该位点多态与吸烟无明显交互作用;diASA-AMP是特异性较高的单核苷酸多态(SNP)快速检测方法,在人群肿瘤易感基因快速筛检方面有较好的应用前景。     

Inverse Association between Canned Fish Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Analysis of Two Large Case–Control Studies

Fish is among the foods exerting favourable effects on colorectal cancer (CRC), but the possible role of canned fish has been insufficiently investigated. We aimed to investigate the relationship between canned fish consumption and CRC risk. We analysed data from two case–control studies conducted between 1992 and 2010 in several Italian areas, comprising a total of 2419 incident cases and 4723 hospital controls. Canned fish consumption was analysed according to the weekly frequency of consumption as <1 serving per week (s/w) (reference category), 1 < 2 s/w, and ≥2 s/w. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression models, adjusting for several recognised confounding factors. Overall, canned fish consumption was lower among cases than among controls (23.8% vs. 28.6%). An inverse association was found between canned fish consumption and CRC risk with a significant trend in risk (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.92 for intermediate consumption and OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51–0.85 for the highest one), which was consistent across strata of several covariates. This study is the first to offer a basis of support for canned fish consumption as a component of a healthy diet, and it has relevant public health implications given the high ranking of CRC in incidence and mortality worldwide.     

Association between Serum Vitamin B12 and Global DNA Methylation in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Vitamin B12 has been widely related to methionine metabolism, which is an essential component for biological methylation reactions, including DNA methylation. However, the relationship between vitamin B12 and DNA methylation is still controversial. In addition, there is increasing evidence for the association between vitamin B12 and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), although results of this association need to be assessed with caution. For this purpose, we hypothesized that serum vitamin B12 could be associated with global DNA methylation in the CRC context. To test this hypothesis, we studied the association between global DNA methylation through long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1) in CRC patients under the 25th percentile of serum vitamin B12. We found that the high vitamin B12 group had low LINE1 methylation in both tumor area and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) than the low serum vitamin B12 group. LINE1 methylation levels were significantly lower in tumor area compared to the adjacent tumor-free area, only in the high vitamin B12 group. LINE1 methylation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and PBMCs were correlated with tumoral, inflammatory, and insulin metabolism markers. However, the interaction between LINE1 methylation and vitamin B12 levels was associated with neoadjuvant therapy in the regression analysis only in men, suggesting a beneficial relationship. In conclusion, our results reported an inverse association between DNA methylation and vitamin B12 in the CRC context, which suggests that vitamin B12 may be implicated in an epigenetic state or mediation in CRC.     

三类基因多态性与胃癌易感性关系的研究进展

胃癌的发生是一个遗传和环境等多个因素共同作用的过程，人体对内外源性致癌剂的代谢能力和基因修复能力等因素将影响个体对胃癌的易感性。影响肿瘤遗传易感性基因主要有代谢酶基因、修复基因及免疫功能和控制细胞生长基因。近几年，国内外开展了许多有关基因多态性和胃癌易感性的研究。本文主要就上述3类基因多态性与胃癌遗传易感性的国内外研究进展作一简要综述。     

转化生长因子β1 G915C基因多态性与胃癌的相关性研究

目的研究TGF-β1基因+915位点G/C多态性与胃癌的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法 ,检测80例胃癌患者与102例正常对照者TGF-β1基因+915位点G/C等位基因及基因型分布,分析该基因多态性与胃癌幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测20例胃癌患者和20例正常对照者血清TGF-β1水平。结果 TGF-β1等位基因频率及基因型频率在病例组和对照组的分布差异无统计学意义;胃癌按幽门螺杆菌感染分层后,TGF-β1基因型及等位基因频率分布差异亦无统计学意义,胃癌患者血清TGF-β1水平显著高于对照组。结论 TGF-β1+915位点基因多态性与胃癌无关。