冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入术相关造影剂急性肾损害的影响因素分析及KIM-1、NGAL、NHE3的预测价值

目的 探究冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（以下简称冠心病）患者经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）相关造影剂急性肾损害（CIAKI）的影响因素,并分析尿液中肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质结合蛋白（NGAL）、钠/氢交换蛋白3(NHE3)预测CIAKI发生的价值。方法 回顾性分析2021年7月—2022年6月在齐齐哈尔医学院附属第一医院行PCI的142例冠心病患者的病历资料,根据患者术后是否发生CIAKI,分为CIAKI组和非CIAKI组。分析影响PCI术后发生CIAKI的因素,评估PCI前后KIM-1差值、NGAL差值及NHE3差值对PCI术后发生CIAKI的预测价值。结果 142例行PCI的冠心病患者中发生CIAKI 25例（17.61%）。CIAKI组糖尿病占比及造影剂使用剂量高于非CIAKI组（P <0.05）,术前GFR水平低于非CIAKI组（P <0.05）。CIAKI组手术前后尿KIM-1、NGAL及NHE3的差值均高于非CIAKI组（P <0.05）。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示：糖尿病[■=3.350(95%CI:1.145,9...     

NGAL和KIM-1检测在儿童脓毒症合并急性肾损伤中的诊断价值

 目的 探讨中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL）和肾损伤因子1（kidney injury molecule 1,KIM-1）的检测在脓毒症合并急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury,AKI）患儿诊疗过程中的临床应用价值。方法 采用病例对照研究,按照纳入标准选取2019年1-12月入住复旦大学附属儿科医院PICU的脓毒症患儿82例,按照排除标准去除13例。按入院后是否发生AKI分为脓毒症AKI组28例和脓毒症非AKI组41例。脓毒症AKI组患儿根据治疗过程中是否进行连续性肾脏替代治疗（continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT）分为脓毒症AKI-CRRT组和脓毒症AKI-非CRRT组。检测脓毒症AKI和非AKI患儿住院后0 h、24 h和72 h的血NGAL、KIM-1、肌酐、胱抑素C（cystatin C,CysC）和视黄醇结合蛋白（retinol-binding protein,RBP）水平,同时监测24 h和72 h的尿量。用非参数检验统计方法分析数据,通过受试者工作特征（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）曲线分析NGAL、KIM-1、肌酐、尿量、CysC、RBP对脓毒症并发AKI的诊断价值。结果 脓毒症AKI组患儿的NGAL、KIM-1、肌酐、CysC水平在0 h、24 h、72 h时均显著高于脓毒症非AKI组（P<0.05）。脓毒症AKI-CRRT组和非CRRT组各时点NGAL、肌酐的水平均高于脓毒症非AKI组（P<0.05）。KIM-1、CysC、RBP、尿量在24 h和72 h时,脓毒症AKI患儿较非AKI患儿有明显差异（P<0.05）。ROC曲线比较显示：脓毒症AKI-CRRT组和非CRRT组0 h时NGAL的AUC面积均最大（分别为0.907和0.951）、灵敏度最高（分别为92%和100%）。脓毒症AKI-CRTT组患儿的肌酐水平在72 h时呈现下降,并且较24 h时肌酐的AUC面积减小、敏感度和特异性均降低（P<0.05）;NGAL和KIM-1水平在24 h显著升高后,至72 h仍维持在较高水平,且NGAL在3个时点、KIM-1在后2个时点均维持良好的诊断效能。结论 NGAL灵敏度较高,可在早期提示AKI的发生。在血液净化的治疗过程中NGAL、KIM-1受干扰因素较少,可为AKI患儿肾功能真实水平的评估提供参考。     

血 NGAL、CysC检测对外科重症急性肾损伤患者的早期诊断价值

目的：为了评估和比较血中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）、血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C（CysC）水平在外科重症监护室（SICU ）内成年急性肾损伤（AKI）患者的早期诊治中的应用价值。方法100例患者被分入两个组：非AKI组63例和AKI组37例,应用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）、胶乳增强免疫比浊法（PETIA）分别测定两组患者入SICU 时（T0）、入SICU后24 h（T1）两个时间点血NGAL及CysC水平。结果 AKI组患者在 T0、T1点的血NGAL、CysC水平明显高于非 AKI组（P＜0．01）。T0时血NGAL值对于AKI的诊断价值较好,在截断值为65．95 ng／mL时,受试者工作曲线下面积（AUROC）为0．85,其诊断的敏感性为81．8％,特异性为76．2％;T1时血 NGAL水平对于 AKI的诊断价值较差,在截断值为92 ng／mL 时, AUROC为0．69,其诊断的敏感性为70．3％,特异性为57．1％。而T0、T1时的血CysC水平对于AKI的诊断价值更佳,在截断值分别为1．49 mg／L和1．47 mg／L时,其AUROC相应为0．90和0．88,其诊断的敏感性分别为89．2％、82．5％,特异性分别为83．8％、76．2％。结论血NGAL、CysC是SICU内患者预测AKI发生的早期有效新型标记物,入室时血CysC检测对于AKI的早期诊断价值要优于血NGAL。     

NGAL对成人心脏术后急性肾损伤的早期诊断价值

目的:探讨血和尿中中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)水平对成人心脏术后急性肾损伤(AKI)的早期诊断价值.方法:收集112例心脏手术患者手术前后不同时相的血、尿标本,分别测定血肌酐(Scr)、血NGAL和尿NGAL.根据AKI的诊断标准,将患者分为AKI组和非AKI组,观察两组Scr、血NGAL和尿NGAL的动态变化.用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价血NGAL和尿NGAL对AKI的诊断价值.结果:112例患者中21例术后24 h Scr水平上升至基础值的1.72倍,AKI发生率为18.8%.AKI组术后2 h血NGAL开始显著增高并达到峰值,与基线值比较差异有统计学意义[分别为(82.2±22.3) ng·ml-1和(16.9±3.1) ng·ml-1,P<0.05];尿NGAL较基线值明显上升[分别为(132.4±41.1) ng·ml-1和(30.8±23.1) ng·ml-1,P<0.05],并在术后4 h达到峰值.AKI组术后2 h,血NGAL诊断AKI的ROC曲线下面积为0.866,95%的可信区间为0.756~0.976,以19 ng·ml-1作为AKI的诊断界限时,敏感性和特异性分别为85.7%和88.4%;尿NGAL的ROC曲线下面积为0.914,95%的可信区间为0.86~0.966,以56 ng·ml-1作为AKI的诊断界限时,敏感性和特异性分别为95.2%和88.4%.结论:心脏手术后2 h的血、尿NGAL水平对AKI具有预测价值,其出现变化时间远早于Scr;血、尿NGAL可作为心脏术后并发AKI患者的早期诊断的标记物.     

Impact of benazepril on contrast-induced acute kidney injury for patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Background  The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is controversial. Some studies pointed out that it was effective in the prevention of CI-AKI, while some concluded that it was one risk for CI-AKI, especially for patients with pre-existing renal impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of benazepril administration on the development of CI-AKI in patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency undergoing coronary intervention. 

Methods  One hundred and fourteen patients with mild to moderate impairment of renal function were enrolled before coronary angioplasty, who were randomly assigned to benazepril group (n=52) and control group (n=62). In the benazepril group, the patients received benazepril tablets 10 mg per day at least for 3 days before procedure. CI-AKI was defined as an increase of ≥25% in creatinine over the baseline value or increase of 0.5 mg/L within 72 hours of angioplasty.

Results  Patients were well matched with no significant differences at baseline in all measured parameters between two groups. The incidence of CI-AKI was lower by 64% in the benazepril group compared with control group but without statistical significance (3.45% vs. 9.68%, P=0.506). Compared with benazepril group, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level significantly decreased from (70.64±16.38) ml∙min^-1∙1.73 m^-2 to (67.30±11.99) ml∙min^-1∙1.73 m^-2 in control group (P=0.038). There was no significant difference for the post-procedure decreased eGFR from baseline (△eGFR) between two groups (benazepril group (0.67±12.67) ml∙min^-1∙1.73 m^-2 vs. control group (–3.33±12.39) ml∙min^-1∙1.73 m^-2, P=0.092). In diabetic subgroup analysis, △eGFR in benazepril group was slightly lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions  Benazepril has a protective effect on mild to moderate impairment of renal function during coronary angioplasty. It is safe to use benazepril for treatment of patients with mild to moderate impairment of renal function before coronary intervention.

     

NGAL、Cys C在瓣膜病换瓣术后早期诊断急性肾损伤的意义

［摘要］ 目的探讨血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)和胱抑素C(cystatin C ,Cys C)在瓣膜病换瓣术后并发急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)的临床意义。 方法选取瓣膜病术后患者90例, 根据是否发生AKI 分为AKI 组(37例)及非AKI 组(53例)。于术前和术后2,4,6,8,12,24,48 h收集血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清NGAL 浓度,采用肌氨酸氧化酶法测定血肌酐（serum creatinine,SCr）水平,采用免疫投射比浊法测定血清Cys C水平。 结果2组SCr水平均呈先升高再降低趋势,AKI组SCr水平变化幅度大于非AKI组,AKI 组SCr术后12 h明显升高,其组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。AKI 组血NGAL水平均呈先升高再降低趋势,非AKI 组血NGAL水平逐渐降低,AKI 组血NGAL水平高于非AKI 组,AKI 组血清NGAL术后2 h明显升高,其组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组血Cys C水平均呈逐渐升高趋势,AKI 组血Cys C水平变化幅度大于非AKI组,AKI 组术后6 h明显升高,其组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论AKI组瓣膜病换瓣术后2 h血清NGAL浓度明显升高, 术后6 h血清Cys C水平开始升高,两者水平升高的时间均早于SCr。血清NGAL 和Cys C 可作为瓣膜病术后诊断AKI 的早期标志物。     

ROC曲线评价血清胱抑素C对原发性高血压早期轻度肾损害的诊断价值

目的 探讨ROC曲线评价血清胱抑素C(CysC)对原发性高血压早期轻度肾损害的诊断价值.方法 选取原发性高血压血肌酐(Cr)正常患者290例,检测血清CysC及尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐比值(mAlb/Cr,ACR),尿ACR≥30 mg/g为病例组,ACR＜ 30 mg/g为对照组,运用ROC曲线评价血清CysC诊断高血压轻度肾损害的诊断价值.结果 血清CysC水平病例组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);CysC诊断高血压早期轻度肾损害的ROC曲线下面积为0.944,95％可信区间0.912 ～0.968.灵敏度92.00％,特异度89.36％,阳性预测值90.2％,阴性预测值91.3％.结论 血清CysC水平升高能反映原发性高血压患者早期轻度肾损害,血清CysC＞ 1.22 mg/L可作为诊断切点.     

Preventive effects of anisodamine against contrast-induced nephropathy in type 2 diabetics with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty

Background  Anisodamine is widely used in therapy for treating acute glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy because it can improve renal microcirculation. We performed a study to evaluate the preventive effects of anisodamine against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in type 2 diabetics with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty.

Methods  A total of 260 patients with type 2 diabetes and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of  60 ml^-1 ∙ min^-1 ∙ 1.73 m^-2 or less, who were undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty, were randomly assigned to receive an infusion of either sodium chloride (control group, n=128) or anisodamine (treatment group, n=132). Patients in the treatment group received an infusion of anisodamine at a rate of 0.2 μg ∙ kg^-1 ∙ min^-1 from 12 hours before to 12 hours after coronary angiography or angioplasty, while patients in the control group received an infusion of sodium chloride with the same volume as the treatment group. All patients received intravenous sodium chloride hydration. CIN was defined as a 25% increase in serum creatinine from baseline or an absolute increase of >0.5 mg/dl within three days after contrast exposure. The primary end point was the incidence of CIN. The secondary end point was a 25% or greater reduction in eGFR.

Results  There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, gender, risk factors, laboratory results, medications and interventions. The incidence of CIN was 9.8% (13/132) in the treatment group and 20.3% (26/128) in the control group (P <0.05). The secondary end point was 6.0% (8/132) in the treatment group and 16.4% (21/128) in the control group (P <0.05).

Conclusion  These results indicate the preventive effects of anisodamine against CIN in type 2 diabetics with renal insufficiency who are undergoing coronary angiography or angioplasty.

     

胱抑素C对颈动脉病变的影响及诊断价值

目的:探讨胱抑素C对颈动脉病变的影响及其在颈动脉病变中的诊断价值,为预防动脉粥样硬化提供依据。方法:从某医院体检中心选择颈动脉病变者223例为病例组,正常组285例。运用Logistic回归筛选颈动脉病变的主要危险因素,并运用ROC曲线分析胱抑素C及其组成的综合协变量对颈动脉病变的诊断价值。结果:胱抑素C是颈动脉病变的主要危险因素之一(OR=2.70,P<0.001)。在单协变量比较中胱抑素C对颈动脉病变的诊断价值最高(AUC=0.77,P<0.001),当其在1.08 mg/L时,其诊断的灵敏度和特异度最高,分别为74.9%和71.4%;在颈动脉病变的诊断中综合协变量与胱抑素C相比具有更高的诊断价值,其灵敏度和特异度分别为78.5%和75.8%。结论:血清胱抑素C是颈动脉病变的危险因素,其对诊断颈动脉病变具有较高的灵敏度和特异度;综合协变量对颈动脉病变的诊断价值更高。     

血液生物标志物对预测ICU患者急性肾损伤及判断预后的价值分析

目的探讨血液生物标志物对急性肾损伤(AKI)的预测及判断预后临床价值。方法连续选择2012年10月~2014年11月在浙江省人民医院重症医学科(ICU)住院220例患者为研究对象。所有研究对象均于入住ICU后24 h内留取血液标本检测中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)及肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)水平,并记录患者的一般临床资料及28 d生存率等。结果共纳入218例患者,其中152例(69.7%)最终发生AKI,发生AKI患者NGAL水平为(234.1±32.5)ng/m L,未发生AKI患者为(63.2±12.4)ng/m L,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。AKI患者KIM-1为(5.26±1.20)ng/m L,未发生AKI患者为(1.47±0.53)ng/m L,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。NGAL预测AKI敏感性及特异性分别为81.6%和81.8%,预测CRRT时机敏感性及特异性为74.4%和66.7%。KIM-1预测AKI敏感性及特异性分别为75.7%和75.8%,预测CRRT时机敏感性及特异性分别为76.7%和75.0%,预测死亡率敏感性及特异性分别为70.1%和68.5%。结论对ICU患者检测血液中的NGAL及KIM-1水平对于早期发现AKI、预测CRRT使用时机及评估患者预后具有极高的临床价值。     

Evaluation of Dade Behring N Latex Cystatin C reagent on Abbott ci8200

Plasma cystatin C has been shown in several studies to be superior to plasma creatinine for estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Reporting cystatin C results in mL/min using conversion formulas for transforming cystatin C expressed as mg/L to GFR expressed as mL/min has greatly facilitated the clinical use of the marker. At our hospital we have an increasing demand for cystatin C and at present we perform over 1400 cystatin C analyses a month. The test is available at all hours. This in combination with the volume emphasises the need to have the assay close to the routine chemistry instrument to reduce handling time per test and time to report test results. We have thus evaluated the Dade Behring N Latex Cystatin C assay (Dade Behring, Deerfield, IL, USA) on Architect ci8200 (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA). The nephelometric method on the ProSpec (Dade Behring) and the turbidimetric method on Architect ci8200 showed very good agreement (y = 1.0072x + 0.0042; R2 = 0.987). Accordingly, running the cystatin C analyses on a chemistry instrument (Architect ci8200) would be proper to increase the availability of the analysis and reduce turnaround times.     

经皮肾镜联合输尿管软镜治疗肾结石对老年患者肾功能的影响

目的：检测血液中中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)、半 胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(cystatin C,Cys-C)及尿液中肾损伤分子-1(kidney injury molecule 1,KIM-1)的浓度变化,以探讨经 皮肾镜(percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)联合输尿管软镜(fl exible ureteroscope,FU)治疗肾结石对老年患者肾功能的 影响研究。方法：选取肾结石老年患者46例,分别收集其PCNL联合FU术前、术后2,12,24,48,72 h血液及尿液标 本,检测患者NGAL,Cys-C及KIM-1浓度的变化。结果：NGAL和Cys-C分别在术后2和12 h开始升高,均在术后12~24 h 之间达到高峰,术后12 h与术后2 h相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),术后48 h与术后24 h相比差异均有统计学意 义(均P<0.05);随后逐渐下降,两者分别在术后48 h和术后72 h均基本恢复到术前水平(均P>0.05)。KIM-1在术后2 h即升 高,在术后24 h达到高峰,术后24 h与术后12 h相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后48 h与术后24 h相比,差异有统 计学意义(P<0.05);随后下降,48 h后基本恢复到术前水平(P>0.05)。结论：PCNL联合FU术后,NGAL,Cys-C及KIM-1 浓度存在一定程度的升高,提示该术式对患者的肾功能存在一定的损伤,并且肾小管的损伤及恢复的时间均早于肾 小球。     

Prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy in diabetics undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention: role of the ratio of contrast medium volume to estimated glomerular filtration rate

Background  Diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have a higher incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) than nondiabetic patients, and no pharmacological approach has been demonstrated to offer consistent protection. Therefore, identifying individuals who are at increased risk becomes essential. This study was designed to assess the predictive role of the ratio of contrast medium volume to estimated glomerular filtration rate (CMV/eGFR) in diabetic patients undergoing elective PCI who developed CIN.

Methods  We retrospectively investigated clinical factors associated with the development of CIN in 114 diabetic patients who had undergone elective PCI. The risk factors for CIN included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hemoglobin (Hb), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), volume of contrast medium, basic levels of serum creatinine (Scr), the number of treated vessels and the number of stents used. We conducted a stepwise regression analysis to evaluate the predictive role of these risk factors in the incidence of CIN.

Results  The incidence of CIN was 18.4% (21/114). There were no significant differences in age, gender, BMI, LVEF, Hb, FPG, HbA1c, and incidence of hypertension and number of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients between the CIN (n=21) and the non-CIN (n=93) groups. However, the eGFR was significantly lower ((72.0±12.5) ml∙min^-1∙1.73 m^-2 vs. (82.0±16.5) ml∙min^-1∙1.7 m^-2, P=0.010), and the basic serum creatinine level ((1.07±0.12) mg/dl vs. (0.97±0.19) mg/dl P=0.014) was significantly higher in the CIN group. In addition, the volume of contrast medium was significantly larger ((253±75) ml vs. (211±71) ml, P=0.017) and the CMV/eGFR ratio was significantly greater (3.64±1.26 vs. 2.70±1.11, P=0.001) in the CIN group. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the CMV/eGFR ratio was a significant independent predictor for the development of CIN (P=0.001). At a cut-off point of >3.1, the CMV/eGFR ratio exhibited 71% sensitivity and 70% specificity for detecting CIN.

Conclusion  The CMV/eGFR ratio could be a valuable predictor of CIN for diabetic patients after elective PCI. At a cut-off point of >3.1, the CMV/eGFR ratio was an optimal predictor for the incidence of CIN.

     

肾康注射液对脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤的保护作用

目的:观察肾康注射液对脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤(AKI)的作用并探讨其机制。方法:48只SD雄性大鼠随机平均分为假手术组、模型组和治疗组,采用盲肠结扎穿刺法建立大鼠脓毒症AKI模型,治疗组术后予以肾康注射液干预。各组在术后12,24h各取8只大鼠检测血清胱抑素C(Cys C)浓度、尿液肾损伤分子-1(Kim-1)和中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)浓度。观察肾脏病理学变化,检测肾组织匀浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α和白细胞介素(IL)-1β水平、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果:在术后12,24h,模型组血Cys C、尿Kim-1和NGAL浓度均高于对照组,治疗组均较模型组降低。模型组肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死,肾小管囊腔扩张,管型形成,肾间质炎性细胞浸润,术后24h时病变较12h时加重;治疗组病变较模型组减轻。在两个时间点,肾组织TNF-α、IL-1β水平和MDA含量均高于假手术组,治疗组均低于模型组;肾组织SOD和GSH-Px活性均较模型组降低,而治疗组均高于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:肾康注射液通过抑制肾组织炎症反应、减轻氧化应激,减轻脓毒症大鼠AKI。     

并发急性肾损伤早产儿尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关 脂质运载蛋白水平检测及其临床意义

目的：对比急性肾损伤（AKI）和非AKI早产儿尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）水平,探讨尿NGAL水平对早产儿AKI早期诊断的临床价值。方法：将85例早产儿按是否发生AKI分为AKI组（n=30）和非AKI组（n=55）。于生后24、48、72、120和168 h采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法检测2组早产儿尿NGAL水平,采用干化学法检测2组早产儿血清肌酐（Scr）水平。并采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线判断各指标的诊断价值。结果：2组早产儿性别、孕周、出生体质量、入住NICU时的年龄比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组早产儿各时间点尿NGAL水平比较差异有统计学意义（F=62.710,P<0.01）,生后24 h开始升高,72 h达最高峰值,72 h后呈下降趋势。AKI组早产儿在生后24、48、72和120 h时尿NGAL水平均高于非AKI组（P<0.05）,2组早产儿各时间点Scr水平比较差异有统计学意义（F=27.332,P<0.05）,AKI组早产儿生后48、72和120 h时Scr水平均高于非AKI组（P<0.05）。生后24h时尿NGAL水平诊断AKI的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）明显大于Scr水平（P<0.01）,当尿NGAL水平的临界值为6.95 ng·dL^-1时,诊断AKI的敏感性和特异性分别为0.900和0.836。结论：尿NGAL水平可以高效预测早产儿AKI。     

非布司他治疗CKD3-4期糖尿病肾病合并高尿酸血症的疗效

目的：通过前瞻性随机对照试验研究非布司他治疗CKD3期和CKD4期糖尿病肾病（DN）伴高尿酸 血症（HUA）患者的疗效及安全性。 方法：收集2017年1月至2019年6月温州医科大学附属第二医院门诊及 住院的DN[肾小球滤过率（eGFR）为15～59mL/（min·1.73m-2）]合并HUA患者作为研究对象,根据eGFR值 分为CKD3期组[eGFR为30～59mL/（min·1.73m-2）]和CKD4期组[eGFR为15～29mL/（min·1.73m-2）],随 机数字表法将CKD3期组分为治疗组1和对照组1,CKD4期组分为治疗组2和对照组2,4组均控制血糖、血压、 血脂及经过肾素血管紧张素抑制剂（RASI）治疗,治疗组在此基础上给予非布司他治疗,观察各组治疗24周 后血尿酸（UA）、血肌酐（SCr）、血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）、eGFR、24小时尿蛋白定量、尿白蛋白与肌酐比值（ACR）、 血尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）、血肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮（RAAS）变化,并统计不良反 应。结果：符合入选条件并完成试验的患者共95例,治疗组1为26例,对照组1为24例,治疗组2为23例, 对照组2为22例,CKD3期治疗24周后2组间SCr、eGFR、尿蛋白定量、UA、Cys-C、ACR、血尿NGAL、血RAAS差 异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05）;CKD4期治疗24周后2组间血UA、SCr、eGFR、Cys-C、ACR、血尿NGAL、血RAAS差 异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05）,而尿蛋白定量差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0.05）。治疗组1和治疗组2均无严重不 良反应发生。治疗组1治疗24周后血UA达标率为95%;治疗组2治疗24周后血UA达标率为85%。结论：非布 司他治疗能够改善CKD3、CKD4期DN合并HUA患者肾功能且较安全。     

胱抑素C对2型糖尿病肾病的诊断价值

目的:评价胱抑素C对2型糖尿病肾病的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析78例2型糖尿病肾病患者,92例2型糖尿病患者(无糖尿病肾病)和87例健康对照患者血清胱抑素C水平.以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线法分析胱抑素C对2型糖尿病肾病的诊断价值.结果:糖尿病肾病患者血清胱抑素C水平高于无糖尿病肾病的2型糖尿病患者,血清胱抑素C诊断糖尿病肾病的曲线下面积为0.80(95％CI:0.70～0.89).当胱抑素C取值为1.05 mg/L时,其诊断敏感性为0.73(95％C1:0.58～0.84),特异性为0.73(95％CI:0.54～0.87).结论:胱抑素C对2型糖尿病肾病的诊断具有较高价值.     

联合检测血清NGAL和Cys-C在急诊PCI患者术后造影剂相关急性肾功能损伤早期诊断中价值

目的:探讨联合检测血清NGAL和Cys-C在急诊PCI患者术后造影剂相关急性肾功能损伤（contrast-induced acute kidney injury, CA-AKI）早期诊断中价值。方法:选择2012年1月至2014年12月本院急诊PCI术后发生CA-AKI患者及同期无CA-AKI对照组患者各24例,分别在PCI术前即刻、术后4h、24h、48h等各个时间点抽取静脉血测定血清Cr、NGAL、Cys-C水平,监测各指标变化,比较三者在急诊PCI术后CA-AKI早期诊断中价值。绘制受试者工作特征曲线,计算各指标预测CA-AKI的曲线下面积,比较血清NGAL及Cys-C对急诊PCI术后CA-AKI诊断效能。结果:实验组血清NGAL术后4h达峰值,且显著高于术前基准,术后24h下降但仍显著高于术前基准。血清Cys-C术后24h达峰值,术后48h下降,但仍显著高于术前基准。对照组各时刻血清Cr, NGAL及Cys-C值无显著差异。术后不同时间点血清NGAL及Cys-C诊断CA-AKI的ROC曲线分析,术后4h,选取NGAL值为152.7ng/ml,灵敏度及特异度分别为100%及97.4%,AUC值为1.000(p=0.000);术后24h,选取Cys-C值为0.946mg/l,灵敏度及特异度分别为100%及91.67%,AUC值为1.000(p=0.000)。结论:在接受急诊PCI术后发生CA-AKI患者,血清NGAL最早升高,Cys-C较早出现升高并具有较宽的诊断窗,二者相结合在急诊PCI术后CA-AKI早期诊断及病情监测中具有重要临床意义。     

CT和MRI诊断颅内鞍区肿瘤的价值对比研究

目的探讨CT和磁共振(MRI)检查对诊断鞍区肿瘤的临床价值。方法本文对我院2010年3月至2014年8月手术后病理确诊的101例鞍区肿瘤患者的术前CT、MRI检查资料进行回顾性分析,比较CT和MRI检查判定结果与手术后病理检查结果的一致性,并计算两种影像学检查的诊断学评价指标。结果 CT与MRI对垂体瘤、脑膜瘤的诊断结果与病理检查结果的符合率比较差异不显著(P0.05),CT检查颅咽管瘤、胶质瘤与术后病理检查结果的符合率分别为(59.09%)、(47.37%)显著低于MRI检查与术后病理检查结果的符合率(P0.05)。CT检查术前诊断垂体瘤的敏感度(88.89%)、特异度(92.31%),诊断颅咽管瘤的灵敏度(59.09%)、特异度(82.28%),诊断脑膜瘤的灵敏度(79.17%)、特异度(89.61%),诊断胶质瘤的灵敏度(47.37%)、特异度(85.37%);MRI检查诊断垂体瘤的灵敏度(91.67%)、特异度(93.85%),诊断颅咽管瘤的灵敏度(86.36%)、特异度(92.31%),诊断脑膜瘤的灵敏度(95.83%)、特异度(96.10%),诊断胶质瘤的灵敏度(94.74%)、特异度(96.34%)。结论对于垂体瘤、脑膜瘤CT、MRI的诊断能力差异不显著,MRI诊断颅咽管瘤、胶质瘤的能力强于CT,总体上MRI的诊断学评价指标诊断鞍区肿瘤优于CT。     

血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白检测在造影剂肾病诊断中的临床意义

目的：探讨血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL ）检测在造影剂肾病（CIN ）诊断中的意义。方法选取广东省中医院各院区IC U、心血管科、泌尿外科等接受造影技术诊治的患者299例,检测患者空腹血糖、血脂等,记录其基本临床资料。采集患者在造影前及造影后第1、2、6天的血样,分析患者各时间点的血清肌酐（SCr）、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C（CysC）和NGAL水平。以造影后24～48 h SCr水平升高44μmol／L或较基础值上升25％以上患者为CIN ,分析血清NGAL检测在不同时间点的变化趋势。结果299例受检患者中,共发生CIN 28例,发病率为9．36％。其中患有糖尿病的患者中CIN发病率为16．21％（12／74）,无糖尿病的患者发病率为7．11％（16／225）。与造影前比较,CIN患者SCr和CysC在造影后2 d明显升高,到第6天恢复到造影前水平;血清NGAL水平在造影后1 d就明显升高,与造影前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,在第6天仍处于较高水平。结论血清NGAL水平在造影剂使用后1 d就可较好地预测CIN ,其预测时间早于SCr和CysC ,可用于CIN的早期诊断。