Common peroneal nerve injuries: results with one-stage nerve repair and tendon transfer

The authors report their experience in the treatment of common peroneal nerve (CPN) injuries using a one-stage procedure of nerve repair and tibialis posterior tendon transfer. A series of 45 patients with traumatic injury and graft repair of the CPN is presented. From 1988 to 1991, the six patients elected for surgery had only nerve repair: five ultimately did not recover, while muscle contraction in the remaining patient was graded M1-2. Since 1991, nerve surgery in our clinic was associated with tendon transfer procedures (39 cases) which were followed by a satisfactory reinnervation rate. Nerve transection and iatrogenic injuries, torsion/dislocation of the knee, complex biosseous fractures of the leg, and gunshot wounds showed excellent to fair results in decreasing order: in nerve sections, muscle recovery scored M3 or M4+ in all the patients, and in nerve ruptures due to severe dislocation of the knee, it was M3 or M4+ in 85% of cases. The association of microsurgical nerve repair and tendon transfer has changed the course of CPN injuries.     

Common peroneal nerve injuries

The authors report their experience in the treatment of common peroneal nerve (CPN) injuries using a one-stage procedure of nerve repair and tibialis posterior tendon transfer. A series of 45 patients with traumatic injury and graft repair of the CPN is presented. From 1988 to 1991, the six patients elected for surgery had only nerve repair: five ultimately did not recover, while muscle contraction in the remaining patient was graded M1-2. Since 1991, nerve surgery in our clinic was associated with tendon transfer procedures (39 cases) which were followed by a satisfactory reinnervation rate. Nerve transection and iatrogenic injuries, torsion/dislocation of the knee, complex biosseous fractures of the leg, and gunshot wounds showed excellent to fair results in decreasing order: in nerve sections, muscle recovery scored M3 or M4+ in all the patients, and in nerve ruptures due to severe dislocation of the knee, it was M3 or M4+ in 85% of cases. The association of microsurgical nerve repair and tendon transfer has changed the course of CPN injuries.     

Common peroneal nerve injuries in knee dislocations: results with one-stage nerve repair and tibialis posterior tendon transfer

We report our experience in the treatment of common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy following knee dislocations: a twelve-year surgical series of 26 patients presenting with a traumatic injury of the lateral sciatic nerve and no spontaneous recovery is reviewed. From 1988 to 1991, we performed nerve surgery alone on 3 patients. Their results were highly disappointing and in none did we observe muscle recovery. Since 1991 nerve surgery was associated with a palliative procedure for 23 patients. Although at surgical exploration, severe nerve damage was found in 87% of these patients (thereby indicating the need for graft repair), the overall outcome was good, with a score of M3 on the BMRC scale in about 75% of the cases. These results suggest that the one-stage association of microsurgical nerve repair and tibialis posterior tendon transfer changed the destiny of these injuries. Received: 10 December 2001/Accepted: 14 February 2002     

Surgical repair of ulnar nerve lesions caused by gunshot and shrapnel: results in 407 lesions

OBJECT: Ulnar nerve lesions caused by gunshot wounds have rarely been reported in the current literature. The authors describe the outcome after surgical repair of such injuries, and the factors influencing the results of treatment. METHODS: This retrospective study includes 455 patients with 462 ulnar nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds who were treated at Gulhane Military Medical Academy over a 40-year period. A total of 407 ulnar lesions were surgically repaired at that institution between 1966 and 2005; 237 patients were injured by shrapnel and 218 patients by gunshot. The authors evaluated the motor, sensory, and electrophysiological recovery in these patients, as well as the patients' judgment of the outcome. The authors also tested the effect of repair level, nerve graft length, time to operation, repair technique used, and the presence of coexisting damages in the nerve repair region. The final outcome in these patients was defined as poor, fair, or good on the basis of the British Medical Research Council scores. RESULTS: A good outcome was noted in 15.06% of patients who underwent high-level repair, 29.60% of patients who underwent intermediate-level repair, and 49.68% of patients after low-level repair. On average, patients with successful outcomes had a significantly shorter time to operation than those with unsuccessful outcomes. The critical period for surgery was within 6 months of injury. Although the optimal graft length was found to be 5 cm, this finding was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The reported outcome of repairs to ulnar nerves damaged by gunshot has varied in the literature, but there is a consensus that the duration of the interval to surgery, the repair level, and the graft length used influence the outcome of surgical repair for ulnar nerve lesions.     

坐骨神经霰弹枪伤的手术治疗

目的探讨霰弹枪致坐骨神经损伤的临床特点及手术治疗方法、效果。方法19例坐骨神经霰弹枪伤中,臀部损伤2例,大腿部损伤14例,胭窝部损伤3例。枪伤射击距离在0．5—9．0m之间,按霰弹枪的Shermen分型划分,I型4例,Ⅱ型11例,Ⅲ型4例。伤后至入院手术时间除1例为4h外,其余均为2～14个月。1例行清创、神经外膜对端吻合术,7例行神经全干移值术,6例行神经电缆式移植,4例行神经松解术,1例行踝关节融合术。结果19例患者随访0．8～3．5年、平均19个月,根据英国医学研究院神经外科学会制定的MCRR标准,坐骨神经损伤恢复的优良率为52．6％。结论坐骨神经霰弹枪伤的伤情复杂,常合并开放骨折、血管损伤、软组织缺损及感染;神经损伤的性质多为Sunderland分度中的4～5度损伤;手术治疗方法以神经移植为主,但预后不佳;神经损伤后应给予正确的初始治疗,在对损伤神经恢复状况认真的连续、动态观察的基础上,正确评估神经损伤性质,采取积极、恰当的手术治疗,同时注重神经营养药物、康复理疗等综合治疗,才能获得较好的手术效果。     

Brachial plexus injury: a survey of 100 consecutive cases from a single service

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the epidemiology, preoperative management, operative findings, operative treatment, and postoperative results in a group of 99 patients who sustained 100 injuries to the brachial plexus. METHODS: The charts of 100 consecutive surgical patients with brachial plexus injuries were reviewed. RESULTS: The patient group comprised 80 males and 19 females ranging from 5 to 70 years of age. One male patient had bilateral brachial plexus palsy. Causes of injury were largely sudden displacement of head, neck, and shoulder and included 27 motorcycle accidents. There were 23 open wounds, including 8 gunshot wounds, 6 other penetrating wounds, and 9 wounds caused by operative or iatrogenic trauma. Loss was exhibited at C5-C6 in 19 patients, at C5-C7 in 15 patients, and at C5-T1 in 39 patients, and 8 patients had another spinal root pattern of injury. Nineteen patients had injury at the cord or the cord to nerve level. Associated major trauma was present in 59 patients. Emergency surgery for vessel or nerve repair was necessary in 18 patients. Myelography (n = 57) or magnetic resonance imaging (n = 7) revealed at least one root abnormality in 52 patients. The median interval from trauma to operation was 7 months. Operative exposures used included anterior supraclavicular, infraclavicular, combined supra- and infraclavicular, or a posterior approach in 5, 14, 77, and 4 patients, respectively. The surgical procedures performed included neurolysis alone in 12 patients and nerve grafting, end-to-end anastomosis, and/or neurotization in 81, 5, and 47 patients, respectively. Postoperative follow-up of at least 36 months was conducted in 78% of the patients. Grade 3 recovery according to Louisiana State University Medical Center criteria means contraction of proximal muscles against some resistance and of distal muscles against at least gravity. Among the 18 patients with open wounds, 14 (78%) recovered to a Grade 3 or better level, as did 35 (58%) of 60 patients with stretch injuries. In all cases of C5-C6 stretch injuries repaired by nerve grafting (n = 10), the patients recovered useful arm function. CONCLUSION: Brachial plexus injury represents a severe, difficult-to-handle traumatic event. The incidence of such injuries and the indications for surgery have increased during recent years. Graft repair and neurotization procedures play an important role in the treatment of patients with such injuries.     

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive method of observing injury and recovery in the peripheral nervous system

OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive observation of degenerating and regenerating peripheral nerves could improve the diagnosis and treatment of nerve injuries. We constructed a novel phased-array radiofrequency coil to permit magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) observation of the sciatic nerve and its target muscles in rats after injury. METHODS: Adult male Lewis rats underwent either crushing (n = 18) or cutting and capping (n = 17) of their right sciatic nerves and then underwent serial MRI. Serial gait track analysis was performed to assess behavioral recovery. Animals from both groups were killed at several time points for histological evaluation of the nerves, with axon counting. RESULTS: Crushed sciatic nerves demonstrated increased T2-weighted signals, followed by signal normalization as axonal regeneration and behavioral recovery occurred. Cut sciatic nerves prevented from regenerating displayed a prolonged phase of increased signal intensity. Acutely denervated muscles exhibited hyperintense T2-weighted signals, which normalized with reinnervation and behavioral recovery. Chronically denervated muscles demonstrated persistently increased T2-weighted signals and atrophy. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrated the ability of MRI to noninvasively monitor injury and recovery in the peripheral nervous system, by demonstrating changes in nerve and muscle that correlated with histological and behavioral evidence of axonal degeneration and regeneration. This study demonstrates the potential of MRI to distinguish traumatic peripheral nerve injuries that recover through axonal regeneration (i.e., axonotmetic grade) from those that do not and therefore require surgical repair (i.e., neurotmetic grade). This diagnostic modality could improve treatment by providing earlier and more accurate diagnoses of nerve damage, as well as reducing the need for exploratory surgery.     

Nerve transfer in brachial plexus injuries--comparative analysis of surgical procedures

Nerve transfer is the only possibility for nerve repair in cases of the brachial plexus traction injuries with spinal roots avulsion. From 1980. until 2000. in Institute of Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, nerve transfer has been performed in 127(79%) of 159 patients with traction injuries of brachial plexus, i.e., 204 reinnervation procedures has been performed using different donor nerves. We achieved good or satisfactory arm abduction and full range or satisfactory elbow flexion through reinnervation of the axillary and musculocutaneous nerve using different donor nerves in 143 of 204 reinnervations, which presents general rate of useful functional recovery in 70.1% of cases. Mean values of the rate of useful functional recovery in individual modalities of nerve transfer in our series are 50.1% for intercostal and/or spinal accessory nerve transfer, 64.5% for plexo-plexal nerve transfer, 81.7% for regional nerve transfer, and 87.1% for combine nerve transfer.     

End-to-side neurorrhaphy of motor nerves: reinnervation of free muscle transplants—first clinical application

End-to-side neurorrhaphy may offer a practical solution in limited cases of nerve reconstruction when no donor nerve or nerve transfer is available for direct end-to-end nerve suture, or when extremely long distances for nerve regeneration cause irreversible atrophy of the targets. We report our experience with the successful clinical use of a completely new technique of end-to-side neurorrhaphy for motor reinnervation of free functional muscle transplants. Since 1995 we have used end-to-side nerve repair for motor or sensory reinnervation in 13 cases. A free functional muscle graft was reinnervated by an end-to-side neurorrhaphy in four patients after tumor resection (two myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flaps), Volkmann's contracture (one myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap), and in a long-standing brachial plexus lesion (one gracilis muscle flap). All four patients showed reinnervation of their muscle graft through the end-to-side nerve suture site. Two functional muscle grafts to the upper extremity had positive outcome of M3-M4 for elbow and finger extension in one case, and M4 for finger flexion in one case more than 2 years after transplantation. The transplant in the brachial plexus lesion is too early for a final functional result. One patient had a M3 for knee extension 8 months postoperatively. In the clinical cases there was no downgrading of the muscle functions supplied by the "donor" nerve. Good and clinically relevant reinnervation of a functional muscle graft is possible through an end-to-side nerve suture. Proximal avulsion, missing proximal nerve stumps, partial recovery, shortening of long distances for nerve regeneration, and prevention of long nerve grafts in proximal lesions are good indications for reinnervation of a functional muscle transplant by end-to-side neurorrhaphy without harm to the donor nerve. Donor nerves supplying synergists should be preferred.     

Surgical management and outcome in patients with radial nerve lesions

OBJECT: The goal of this paper was to review surgical management and outcomes in patients treated for radial nerve (RN) lesions at Louisiana State University Health Sciences over a period of 30 years. METHODS: Two hundred sixty patients with RN injuries were evaluated. The most common mechanisms of injuries involving the RN included fracture of the humerus, laceration, blunt contusions, and gunshot wounds. One hundred and eighty patients (69%) underwent surgery. Lesions not in continuity required primary or secondary end-to-end suture repairs or graft repairs. With the use of direct intraoperative nerve action potential recording, RN injuries in which the lesion was in continuity required external or internal neurolysis or resection of the lesion followed by end-to-end suture or graft repair. A minimum of 1.5 years follow-up review was available in 90% of the patients who underwent surgery. Motor function recovery to Grade 3 or better was observed in 10 (91%) of 11 patients who underwent primary suture repair, 25 (83%) of 30 who underwent secondary suture repair, 43 (80%) of 54 who received graft repair, and 63 (98%) of 64 in whom neurolysis was performed. Sixteen (71%) of 21 patients with superficial sensory RN injury achieved satisfactory pain relief after complete resection of a neuroma or neurolysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study clearly demonstrates that excellent functional recovery can be achieved with proper surgical management of RN injuries.     

The clinical, electrophysiologic, and surgical characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds in adults: a 40-year experience

BACKGROUND: There are few large-volume studies on the repair of peripheral nerve lesions caused by gunshot wounds. In this study, the results of peripheral nerve repair are analyzed, and the factors influencing the outcome are investigated. METHODS: During a 40-year period, 2210 peripheral nerve lesions in 2106 patients who sustained gunshot injury were treated surgically in the Department of Neurosurgery. One thousand thirty-four patients had shrapnel injury, and 1072 patients had missile injury. Twelve peripheral nerves were included in this study, and all of them were repaired by direct suture, using nerve graft, or neurolysis. All patients underwent neurologic and electrophysiologic evaluations in the preoperative period and postoperatively at the end of the follow-up period. The mean time of follow-up was 2.6 years. Final outcome was based on the motor, sensory, and electrophysiologic recoveries, and a patient judgment scale. RESULTS: Using the muscle grading scale, sensory grading scale, EMNG, and patient judgments, the maximal recovery was achieved in the subscapular nerve, but there were only 4 subscapular nerve lesions, which is not sufficient for a statistically significant outcome. Furthermore, the tibial, median, and femoral nerve lesions showed the best recovery rate, whereas the peroneal nerve, ulnar nerve, and brachial plexus lesions had the worst. CONCLUSION: Type of the peripheral nerve, injury (repair) level, associated injuries, electrophysiologic findings, operation time, intraoperative findings, surgical techniques, and postoperative physical rehabilitation are the prognostic factors for peripheral nerve lesions due to gunshot wounds.     

Ilizarov ring fixation and fibular strut grafting for C3 distal femoral fractures

PURPOSE: To evaluate treatment outcome following surgical repair of C3 distal femoral fractures using autogenous fibular strut, cortico-cancellous bone grafting, and Ilizarov ring fixation. METHODS: A total of 15 patients with type C3 fractures (supracondylar and intercondylar fractures, with multiplane articular injury) underwent surgical repair at St. John's Medical College Hospital between 1994 and 2001, using autogenous fibular strut, cortico-cancellous bone grafting, and Ilizarov ring fixation. 13 were seen for ongoing follow-up and assessment. Definitive surgery was undertaken at a mean of 3 weeks after admission. Postoperatively, weight-bearing and mobilisation exercise were begun in 2 to 4 weeks. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 47 months. Union was achieved in all 13 cases by an average time of 19 weeks. At the last follow-up, the mean range of knee motion was 77 degrees. Assessment of functional outcome (using Neer's scoring criteria) revealed 10 cases with good or satisfactory outcomes, and 3 cases with poor or unsatisfactory results. CONCLUSION: Surgical repair with a fibular strut, cortico-cancellous bone graft and Ilizarov ring fixation appears a suitable treatment option for C3 distal femoral fractures.     

Common peroneal nerve decompression

Background: Common peroneal neuropathy occurs as a result of compression of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) in the fibro‐osseous tunnel between the fibular neck and the tendinous arch of peroneus longus. High rates of spontaneous recovery have been reported. However, there is a subset of patients who require decompression of the CPN at the fibular neck. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients that underwent decompressive surgery of the CPN. A total of 22 operations performed on 20 patients were analysed. Pre‐operative workup included clinical examination, electrophysiological testing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where indicated. Post‐operatively, all patients were examined clinically for neurological recovery and where indicated, electrophysiology was repeated. Results: 74% of patients (14 out of 19) with motor weakness improved, as did 68% with sensory dysfunction. 69% with foot drop improved to have no foot drop, most of these were those that underwent surgery within 12 months of symptom onset (OR 14.7, 95% CI 1.4–133.5). Conclusion: Patients with foot drop fared significantly better if their duration of symptoms prior to surgery was less than 12 months.     

Distal anterior interosseous nerve transfer to the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve for reconstruction of high ulnar nerve injuries

Proximal ulnar nerve injuries can result in loss of intrinsic muscle function of the hand, and distal nerve transfers provide nerve coaptation close to the target muscle. This retrospective chart review evaluated patient outcome following a distal nerve transfer of the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) to the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve. There were eight patient charts reviewed, three women, and five men. The mean patient age was 38 years (standard deviation: 22 years). The mean time from injury to surgery was 3 months (standard deviation: 3 months), and mean postoperative follow-up time was 18 months (standard deviation: 11 months). All patients had reinnervation of the ulnar nerve intrinsic hand muscles with improved postoperative lateral pinch and grip strength. One patient had a secondary tendon transfer. No functional deficit in performing tasks in pronation was reported. The distal nerve transfer of the AIN to the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve provides good reinnervation of the ulnar-nerve-innervated intrinsic muscles of the hand.     

Repair of severed peripheral nerve: a superior anatomic and functional recovery with a new "reconnection" technique

The objective of this study was to use a quantitative functional and anatomic model to compare surgical repair of the rat sciatic nerve according to two techniques; standard epineurial repair and the recently reported "nerve reconnection technique" ("freeze-trim technique"). Functional recovery was evaluated using a functional index based on the measurements of the rats' footprints. Neuroanatomic experiments were conducted on the same animals to correlate functional recovery with regeneration of known motoneuron populations. The results of surgical repairs were also compared to those obtained from untreated sciatic nerve crush injuries. Functional recovery after epineurial repairs typically averaged 18%, whereas the mean recovery from the "nerve reconnection technique" was 71%. Crush injuries recovered to normal and reached a plateau much earlier than the surgical repairs. Retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeling of motoneurons of the common peroneal nerve, a branch of the sciatic, revealed that there was a complex relationship between functional recovery and the number and distribution of motoneurons that regenerated axons distal to the repair site. The "nerve reconnection technique" greatly reduced the probability of axonal misdirection into the wrong distal branches at the repair site and brought an improvement of 300% to 400% in functional recovery over that found with epineurial repair. This technique of nerve repair may prove to be a valuable tool in reconstructive surgery.     

尺神经部分转位肌皮神经二头肌支治疗早晚期臂丛神经损伤

[目的]臂丛神经上中干损伤的修复治疗中肘屈曲功能是最为重要的.在已有的几种恢复肘关节屈曲功能的神经转位手术中,部分尺神经转位肌皮神经的手术(Oberlin' s method)是最新的方法.本报告应用Oberlin' s手术治疗早期和晚期臂丛神经上中干损伤的初步经验.[方法]5例臂丛神经上中干损伤的患者采用了Oberlin's手术进行伤肢肘关节屈曲功能的恢复治疗.患者平均年龄28岁,随访6～15个月.早期手术2例,分别伤后6个月和8个月手术.晚期病例3例,分别于伤后12～18个月实施手术.术后持续性进行肱二头肌、肘关节屈曲肌力、手内肌握力、尺神经支配区感觉测试.[结果]所有病例都恢复了肘关节的屈曲功能,都有3级以上的肱二头肌肌力恢复.2例早期病例术后1周内出现肱二头肌主动收缩,肘关节主动屈曲功能正常恢复时间平均6个月,平均肌力恢复4+级.3例晚期病例术后平均3个月出现肱二头肌收缩,肘关节主动屈曲功能正常恢复时间平均10个月,平均肌力恢复3+级.3例术后出现尺神经支配区感觉减退,1个月后自动恢复.[结论]Oberlin' s手术是治疗臂丛神经上中干损伤,快速有效恢复肘关节主动屈曲功能的有效方式.     

Restoration of upper arm function in traction injuries to the brachial plexus

Summary. Summary.   Background: Restoration of upper arm function presents the main priority in nerve repair of brachial plexus traction injuries. The results are predominantly influenced by the level and extent of injury, and the type of surgical procedure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate influence of these factors on final outcome.   Methods: Study included 91 surgically treated patients, including 71 patients with avulsions of one or more spinal nerve roots and 20 with peripheral traction injuries. We performed 120 nerve transfers, 25 nerve graftings and 29 neurolyses on different nerve elements depending on the type of nerve damage. Analysis of motor recovery for elbow flexion and arm abduction, isolated or in combination, was done.   Findings: Recovery of elbow flexion was obtained in 75% nerve transfers, and in 68,7% nerve graftings in peripheral traction injuries. Recovery of arm abduction was obtained in 78,5% nerve transfers, and in 44,4% nerve graftings in peripheral traction injuries. Neurolysis was successful in all cases. Generally, the quality of recovery was better for the musculocutaneous nerve. Useful global upper arm function was obtained in 49,3% of patients with avulsion of spinal nerve roots, and in 55% of patients with peripheral traction injuries.   Interpretation: Regarding upper arm function the prognosis of surgically treated patients with traction injuries to the brachial plexus is generally similar in cases with central or peripheral level of injury. However, nerve transfers of collateral branches seem to be superior to nerve grafting and may be another possibility for repair in cases with extensive nerve gaps.     

Patient outcome after surgical management of an accessory nerve injury.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed patient outcome following surgical reconstruction of the accessory nerve after an iatrogenic injury. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of 8 patients was performed. RESULTS: There were 3 men and 5 women in the study, and the mean time between injury and nerve graft/repair surgery was 5 months. Four injuries were sustained during a lymph node biopsy. Electromyography revealed a complete accessory nerve injury in all cases. In 6 cases, a nerve graft was required (mean length, 3.6 cm), and in 2 cases, a direct nerve repair was possible. The trapezius muscle was successfully reinnervated in all cases. In total, full shoulder abduction was achieved in 6 cases; in the remaining 2 cases, the patients achieved shoulder abduction to 90 degrees. CONCLUSION: Functional deficit after accessory nerve injury is significant. Nerve graft/repair reconstruction reliably yields a satisfactory result, providing good scapular rotation and thus good shoulder function.     

Clinical patterns of spontaneous recovery of paralyzed triceps brachii associated with C5 to C7 injuries of the brachial plexus

Some patients who sustain C5 to C7 nerve root injuries may demonstrate a natural recovery of elbow extension via the lower trunk; however the surgical effect of the reinnervation of the triceps brachii in such cases is still unknown. This study aims to determine the incidence of spontaneous recovery of the tricipital function and to identify the clinical and/or radiological predictors of poor spontaneous functional rehabilitation of elbow extension resulting from injuries of the upper roots of the brachial plexus. We conducted a review of the charts of 24 subjects sustaining an upper trunk syndrome with complete elbow extension palsy and who did not undergone any intervention for reinnervation of the triceps brachii in the primary brachial plexus surgery. Two years posttrauma, the muscle was scored as M0 in 12 patients (50%), M1 in 3 (12.5%), M2 in 1 (4.1%), M3 in 4 (16.6%), and M4 in 4 subjects (16.6%). The number of avulsed roots and the preoperative power of the latissimus dorsi did not demonstrate any significance in predicting the outcome of spontaneous elbow extension recovery; whereas the preoperative paralysis of the muscles for wrist extension was determined to be reliable predictive parameter for poor natural recovery of tricipital function.     

第二趾套状切取加踇趾腓侧皮瓣组合移植治疗手指大部皮肤脱套伤

目的　探讨手指大部皮肤脱套伤的治疗方法及疗效。方法　对 12例 19指手指大部皮肤脱套伤患者 ,采用套状切取第二趾及趾腓侧皮瓣 ,修复伤指软组织的治疗方法。第二趾的皮肤及软组织套入包含浅筋膜、肌腱、指神经及骨架的伤指上 ,趾腓侧皮瓣嵌入第二趾软组织的腹侧以增大其周径。结果　 19指的皮瓣全部存活。术后随访半年 ,重建指的外形、感觉、运动功能恢复满意 ,血运稳定。X线片复查无骨质吸收。结论　第二趾套状切取加趾腓侧皮瓣组合重建术是治疗手指大部皮肤脱套伤的有效方法。