共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Julia Jackson Toni L. Williams Brittany M. McEachern Amy E. Latimer-Cheung Jennifer R. Tomasone 《Disability and health journal》2019,12(2):296-301
Background
Opportunities to be physically active within one's community need to be available and accessible to individuals with physical disabilities in order to increase participation; however, what constitutes quality participation within these opportunities and how exercise programs can foster quality experiences for this population have yet to be explored.Objectives
(1) To explore the participation experiences of adults with physical disabilities in a community-based exercise program from two perspectives; (2) To establish whether the participants' experiences could be understood through an existing quality participation framework.Methods
Participants were thirteen members and ten providers (i.e., coordinators, trainers, and supervisors) recruited from a community-based exercise program for adults with physical disabilities. Six focus groups (three with program members and three with each distinct group of program providers) were carried out, audio recorded and transcribed. Following an initial inductive thematic analysis, themes were deductively mapped to Martin Ginis and colleagues' (2017) conceptualization of the experiential aspects of participation.Results
Six themes (autonomy, belongingness, challenge, engagement, mastery and meaning) important for experiencing quality participation were identified and were in line with Martin Ginis and colleagues' (2017) framework.Conclusion
Findings support the use of Martin Ginis and colleagues' (2017) conceptualization of quality participation within the context of community-based exercise programs for adults with physical disabilities. Practitioners and researchers can use the findings as a starting point for designing, implementing and evaluating programs with the goal of optimizing quality participation. 相似文献2.
Background
According to prior studies, it is possible to consider the emergency care utilization due to ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) as a proxy measure of access to primary care but there was no confirmed study among people with disabilities.Objective/Hypothesis
We examined overall emergency department (ED) utilization patterns among people with disabilities compared with the general population and estimated factors affecting ED utilization. Additionally, we examined whether there were any differences in ED visits due to ACSCs according to type and severity of disability.Methods
The nationally representative Korean Health Panel Survey was used. Data from 14,616 individuals who participated in the survey from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed. The frequency and causes of emergency visits were examined between individuals with and without disabilities. A generalized regression model with Poisson distribution was applied to identify factors that affect ED visits.Results
In 2012, people with disabilities were about two times as likely to visit the ED compared to people without disabilities, and people with external disability represented the largest proportion of people with disabilities. According to generalized linear model, disability was a strong predictor of ED visits, along with lower education level, being elderly, having a chronic disease, and being less healthy. Overall, ED visits due to ACSCs were about three times higher in the disabled group than in the non-disabled group.Conclusions
Public health authorities should consider strengthening the primary care system to avoid unnecessary and preventable ED utilization among all Korean people, including people with disabilities. 相似文献3.
Background
Previous literature suggests that individuals with disabilities have increased rates of obesity and decreased participation in physical activity contributing to overall higher incidence of secondary health conditions compared to the general population without disabilities.Objective/hypothesis
The purpose of this research study was to examine the differences in physical activity rates for college students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Learning Disabilities (LD).Methods
A secondary analysis was utilized to examine differences in physical activity rates based on disability, gender, and factors influencing participation in physical activity. The 2011 Fall National College Health Assessment was used as the reference group with a sample of 27,774 students. Multiple independent samples t-tests were utilized in this research.Results
The results of this study indicated that physical activity for college students with disabilities does not have significant variations compared to those without disabilities. However, gender influences participation in physical activity for this population.Conclusions
This research helps in narrowing the research gap in this topic through analysis of the college population with ADHD and LD. This paper concludes with implications that could benefit the health status of this population. 相似文献4.
Adam Whitworth 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(4):568-575
Background
Health-related unemployment is a major issue across advanced economies. Modified versions of well-evidenced Individual Placement and Support (IPS) models of employment support for health cohorts offer considerable potential. A significant gap currently however is the lack of evidence around their financial return on investment.Objective/Hypothesis
To provide robust financial return on investment estimates for analytically derived alternative specifications of modified IPS services for the first time in the literature, sensitivity tested across various levels of performance.Methods
Brings together modelled cost and savings estimates based on best available evidence to deliver modelled return on investment estimates.Results
The modelled estimates show that well-designed modified IPS services can deliver financial savings whilst tackling health-related unemployment, even at higher average unit costs than are typically considered viable in some national contexts.Conclusions
Modified IPS services offer a viable route to delivering enhanced employment outcomes for individuals with health conditions and disabilities and financial savings for governments. 相似文献5.
Aoife Cahill Orna Mc Ginley Courtney Bertrand Olive Lennon 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):478-485
Background
Robotic walking devices (RWD) have shown many physical benefits in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) rehabilitation. No study to date has explored end-user perceptions of these devices or gained insight into the use of these devices in a gym-based setting.Objective
This preliminary study explores the perspectives of four non-ambulatory individuals with SCI on using an exoskeleton walking device in a gym-based community setting.Methods
In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four SCI individuals living in the community. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive thematic analysis established common overarching themes and subthemes.Results
Four primary themes emerged addressing “The Psychological Adjustments Around Using RWDs with Respect to Disability”, “Perceived Physical, Social and Psychological Benefits of Using an Exoskeleton”, “The Role of External Influences”, and “A Wellness Model to Health”. A fully integrated gym setting was found to provide a positive and encouraging space to utilise the device. In addition, both the ability to set training goals and the positive attitude of robotic trainers were deemed to be important factors.Conclusions
This preliminary study provides detailed perspectives of four non-ambulatory individuals with SCI on utilising an exoskeleton walking device in a community setting. It suggests that gym-based RWDs impact positively on the users' lives and enhance their perceived wellbeing and sense of community integration. Enabling access to similar, community-based facilities should be prioritised for those with longstanding SCI disability. 相似文献6.
Carli Friedman 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):351-358
Background
The Personal Outcome Measures® is a person-centered tool to measure the quality of life (QOL) of people with disabilities, especially those who receive long term services and supports. While the outcomes examine people's satisfaction with their lives in a wide range of areas, the organizational supports determine if service agencies are appropriately supporting people with disabilities to ensure people with disabilities have the best possible QOL. The Personal Outcome Measures® has been administered to tens of thousands of people with disabilities and older adults over its twenty-five years of existence.Objective
In order for the Personal Outcome Measures® to adequately measure the QOL of people with disabilities, it must continuously be refined in alignment with the advances made by people with disabilities, and the disability service system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to re-validate the Personal Outcome Measures®.Methods
A Principal Components Analysis was used to analyze data from 1473 people with disabilities to determine if any indicators needed to be removed as well as the underlying structure of the Personal Outcome Measures®.Results
The analysis revealed the Personal Outcome Measures® has construct validity. It also found that the 21 indicators fall into five underlying factors: my human security; my community; my relationships; my choices; and, my goals.Conclusions
Taken together these twenty-one indicators and five factors represent a multifaceted and comprehensive QOL assessment that aims to improve the lives of people with disabilities. 相似文献7.
8.
Background
Enjoyment in school-based physical activity (PA) programs, such as recess or physical education may be important for promoting children's health, but there is a lack of evidence explaining how enjoyment affects health in children with disabilities.Hypotheses
Enjoyment in school-based PA programs will positively influence general health through participating in more daily PA, and this relationship will vary between younger and older children with disabilities.Methods
We conducted secondary analysis of data from the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey. The sample included 241 children with disabilities (age 5–15 years; 129 boys and 112 girls) identified using three criteria: (a) having an impairment, health problem and mobility limitations; (b) needing special equipment; or (c) receiving special education services. Variables extracted were the number of days per week participating for at least 60 min in PA a day; general perceived health; enjoyment in school recess (for ages 5–11 y) or physical education (for ages 12–15 y). Mediation analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses.Results
Daily PA participation significantly mediated the relationship between enjoyment in physical education/recess and general health. Children who enjoyed physical education or recess more participated in PA, and those who spent more days being physical active were healthier than their counterparts. However, this mediating relationship, when divided by age groups, was shown for only older group (ages 12–15 y) that received physical education.Conclusions
Physical educators should provide enjoyable PA opportunities during physical education classes for students with disabilities for promoting their health. 相似文献9.
Nancy Bagatell Dara Chan Kimberly Karrat Rauch Deborah Thorpe 《Disability and health journal》2017,10(1):80-86
Background
The transition to adulthood, the gradual change in roles and responsibilities, is identified as a challenging time for adolescents and young adults with physical disabilities, including those with cerebral palsy. Health care, education, employment, independent living, and community engagement have been identified as areas of concern. However, relatively little research has been done to understand the experiences, perceptions, and needs of individuals with cerebral palsy as they transition toward adulthood.Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the transition experiences, perceptions, and needs of young adults with cerebral palsy living in one state in the southeastern United States.Methods
Focus groups with nine young adults with cerebral palsy (19–34 years) were conducted. The focus group interview explored the preparation for transition and experiences navigating adulthood. The audio-recorded groups were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results
Young adults with cerebral palsy identified numerous challenges associated with navigating adulthood. The main themes were: 1) being thrust into adulthood; 2) navigating systems and services; 3) understanding and managing my body; and 4) dealing with stereotypes and prejudice.Conclusions
The findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to transition with a focus on building capacity and empowerment. To navigate complex systems of care, “navigators” or “facilitators” are needed. Additionally, practitioners and service providers in adult systems need further education about cerebral palsy. 相似文献10.
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John E. Morley Hidenori Arai Li Cao Birong Dong Reshma A. Merchant Bruno Vellas Renuka Visvanathan Jean Woo 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(6):489-494
Background
Although the older population is increasing worldwide, there is a marked deficit in the number of persons trained in geriatrics. It is now recognized that early detection and treatment of geriatric syndromes (frailty, sarcopenia, anorexia of aging, and cognitive decline) will delay or avert the development of disability.Objectives
To identify simple screening programs available for primary health professionals to identify geriatric syndromes.Data sources
PubMed for the last 5 years and study authors.Results
A number of screening programs for early detection of geriatric syndromes have been developed for use by primary care health providers, for example, EasyCare, Gérontopôle Frailty Screening Tool, the Rapid Geriatric Assessment, the Kihon Checklist, and others.Limitations
This is an evolving area with limited information on the outcomes of intervention and possible harms.Conclusion
Validated screening programs exist but more work is required to determine their utility in improving outcomes of older persons. 相似文献14.
15.
Allyson Calder Jo Nunnerley Hilda Mulligan Nordawama Ahmad Ali Gemma Kensington Tim McVicar Olivia van Schaik 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(2):267-273
Background
For individuals with spinal cord injury the long term benefits of physical activity are well documented, however the majority of this population report inactivity secondary to participatory barriers. Research investigating physically intensive exercise programs for people with spinal cord injury is limited, with even less attention paid to the experience of the participants.Objective
To explore the experiences of persons with spinal cord injury of their participation in the New Zealand arm of the Spinal Cord Injury and Physical Activity (SCIPA) ‘Full-On’ randomized controlled trial.Method
Eight participants recruited to SCIPA Full-On completed individual virtual video diary interviews three times across the duration of their twelve week Full-On trial. Expectations and highs and lows of the program were recorded via a webcam. The video diary data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed inductively for themes.Results
Three independent themes were identified from the data: the participants' excitement of opportunity to participate in SCIPA Full-On’ randomized controlled trial, personal rewards from participation and also the frustrations to participation they experienced.Conclusion
This study provides valuable information on factors that motivate participation in physical activity for individuals with spinal cord injury, within a research setting. The findings highlighted the importance of accessibility and a supportive network which may be a way to provide individuals with spinal cord injury the means to become self-efficacious to participate in community physical activity outside of the research environment. 相似文献16.
Background
People with disabilities experience mental health disparities and higher rates of violence compared to people without disabilities. Few studies have examined the psychological consequences of violence against people with disabilities, and whether they differ from those experienced by people without disabilities.Objective
This study compared psychological consequences of violence among men and women with and without disabilities.Methods
We analyzed data from the 2008–2014 waves of the National Crime Victimization Survey. Multiple logistic regressions were estimated to compare the psychological impact of violent crime on respondents without disabilities to those with disabilities, who comprised roughly 20% of the sample (n?=?8,070). We stratified by gender to compare the effects of violence experienced by men and women.Results
Men with disabilities were more likely than men without disabilities to report severe distress (AOR?=?2.07, p?<?0.001), anxiety (1.79, p?<?0.001), depression (2.32, p?<?0.001), and anxiety and depression (2.34; p?<?0.001), but were less likely to experience each outcome compared to women with disabilities. Men with disabilities had similar odds of adverse psychological outcomes compared to women without disabilities. Women with disabilities had higher odds of severe distress following violence compared to men without disabilities (3.90, p?<?0.001) or women without disabilities (1.86, p?<?0.001). Similarly, women with disabilities had higher odds of anxiety, depression, and anxiety and depression compared to men and women without disabilities.Conclusions
Women with disabilities are at higher risk of negative psychological consequences resulting from violence compared to other gender-disability groups. Men with disabilities also experience worse outcomes relative to men without disabilities. 相似文献17.
Oscar Castro Kwok Ng Elizaveta Novoradovskaya Grégoire Bosselut Mary Hassandra 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(2):174-183
Background
Despite the strong evidence that physical activity (PA) is a key determinant of health, there is limited knowledge on the content and outcomes of PA promotion interventions among individuals with disabilities.Objective
To conduct a scoping review in order to examine the published literature on PA promotion interventions among adults with disabilities.Methods
A scoping review following the methodological framework provided by Arksey and O'Malley used electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL), reference lists, and journals to locate studies. Inclusion criteria were based on study aim, outcome measures, and a disability definition by the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The Behavior Change Techniques Taxonomy version 1 and Furlan and collaborators' risk of bias assessment were utilized during the data charting stage.Results
Thirty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies (70%) reported a significant increase in PA behavior immediately following intervention. However, less than half of the studies (46%) examined the maintenance of pre-/post-test differences. The number of identified behavior change techniques was significantly higher for successful PA promotion interventions than for interventions with no effects on PA. Approximately one-third of studies (32%) were rated as having a high risk of bias.Conclusions
Although findings support the idea that PA promotion interventions produce positive changes in PA behavior for a variety of disability conditions, risk of bias assessment calls for prudence. There are opportunities for continued development of the area of PA promotion among individuals with disabilities through systematic reviews and meta-analyses. 相似文献18.
Mónica Pinilla-Roncancio 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):398-404
Background
Disability and poverty are interconnected and although this relationship has been recognised, there is a lack of empirical evidence to support any possible causal relationship in this topic, particularly in the context of Latin America (LA).Hypothesis
This study tests the hypothesis “Disability increases the risk of multidimensional poverty of people living with disabilities and their families”.Methods
Using national census data from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico, the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (Global MPI) was calculated with the aim of measuring and comparing the levels of multidimensional poverty of people living in households with and without disabled members in the five countries.Results
We found that in the five countries people with disabilities and their families had higher incidence, intensity and levels of multidimensional poverty compared with people living in other households. Their levels of deprivation were also higher for all the indicators included in the Global MPI and the contribution of this group to the national MPI was higher than their share of the population, thus people with disabilities and their families are overrepresented in those living in multidimensional poverty.Conclusions
People with disabilities and their families are in worse conditions than poor households without disabled members and social policies should aim to reduce their high levels of multidimensional poverty and deprivation. 相似文献19.
Andrea C. Betts Katherine Froehlich-Grobe Simon Driver Danielle Carlton M. Kaye Kramer 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(2):315-323