儿童脑膜瘤的临床病理特征

目的：分析和总结儿童脑膜瘤的临床及病理学特征。方法：对本院1990年至2000年经手术及病理证实的18例儿童脑膜瘤进行回顾性分析，全部病例在病理学上均行雌激素受体的检测。结果：18例患儿均行手术治疗，肿瘤全部切除16例；大部分切除2例，一例因术后脑内感染死亡。随访13例，肿瘤复发3例，全部病例雌激素受体检测均为阴性。结论：儿童脑膜瘤较为少见，其病程短，起病快，症状以颅内压增高症为主。病理组织学表现为较成年人更多趋于恶性，肿瘤与雌激素水平无关。手术切除的程度是影响预后的主要因素。     

恶性脑膜瘤的临床诊断及治疗

目的 :对恶性脑膜瘤的临床表现、影像学特征、病理学特点及治疗进行探讨。方法 :对 19例经手术及病理证实的恶性脑膜瘤进行回顾性分析。结果 :初次手术肿瘤全切 6例 ,次全切除 10例 ,大部切除 3例。初次手术后即放疗 14例。 12例因再次或多次复发 ,又行 1～ 4次手术。复发者中术后放疗 7例。结论 :肿瘤全切或次全切除较容易做到 ,但是复发率较高 (6 3% )。恶性脑膜瘤的病理类型与术后复发率有密切关系。放射治疗对恶性脑膜瘤的术后复发有一定预防作用。     

儿童侧脑室肿瘤的诊断和外科治疗

目的:探讨儿童侧脑室肿瘤的诊断和外科治疗及临床效果.方法:回顾性分析26例儿童侧脑室肿瘤的临床表现、病理分型、手术入路的选择及预后,所有病例均行手术治疗.结果:26例儿童侧脑室肿瘤中,所有肿瘤均经手术和病理证实,肿瘤全切除20例,近全切除3例,大部切除2例,部分切除加外减压1例.15例获得随访6～20月,其中9例生活基本上能自理或参加学习,随访期内复发4例.结论:早期诊断,选择适当的手术入路进行显微手术能有效地降低手术创伤,提高治愈率.     

儿童脑膜瘤的临床特点

目的探讨儿童脑膜瘤的临床特点,研究与成年人脑膜瘤的不同之处。方法手术治疗25例儿童脑膜瘤,分析其临床表现,包括症状、肿瘤大小、部位和CT、MR表现,以及病理类型、手术效果和预后。结果25例儿童脑膜瘤有颅内压增高症状14例,占56％。肿瘤直径大于5cm 18例,占72％。15例在非常见部位,占60％。CT、MR见钙化9例,占36％,囊性变6例,占24％,出血4例,占16％。恶性脑膜瘤4例。手术全切除肿瘤13例,复发2例,手术大部分切除肿瘤12例,复发4例。随访20例,9例上学,2例工作,5例在家,4例死亡。结论儿童脑膜瘤少见,其临床表现、病理学特征与成年人脑膜瘤有所不同,预后与是否全切除肿瘤以及肿瘤病理相关。     

窦旁脑膜瘤38例显微手术治疗体会

目的 探讨矢状窦旁脑膜瘤显微手术技巧及手术效果.方法 回顾分析经显微手术治疗的矢状窦旁脑膜瘤38例临床资料、影像学资料、显微手术方法及预后.结果 按Simpson脑膜瘤切除分级标准,本组Ⅰ级切除21例(55.3%),Ⅱ级切除13例(34.2%),Ⅲ级切除4例(10.5%),无手术死亡患者.术中窦破损修补术5例,人工硬膜修补术31例,颅骨缺损一期修补术2例.术后病理证实,脑膜瘤Ⅰ级27例,脑膜瘤Ⅱ级10例,恶性脑膜瘤1例.术后新增神经功能损害8例,其中6例经积极治疗出院时完全恢复;出现永久性偏瘫(肌力Ⅱ级) 2 例.术后随访1~6 年,于术后4~6年复发3例,再次手术治疗,达Ⅱ级切除,术后随访1~2年,未见肿瘤复发.结论 应用显微手术技术切除窦旁脑膜瘤,有助于肿瘤显露、控制术中出血、妥善保护颅内重要结构,可有效提高肿瘤全切率、减少并发症、提高患者术后生存质量.     

颅眶沟通性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨颅眶沟通性肿瘤的诊断、治疗及预后。方法 对１６例颅眶沟通性肿瘤的临床表现、病理、神经影像学诊断及手术治疗等进行分析。结果 经额颞眶顶入路手术１１例,经翼点入路手术５例,均病理证实。肿瘤全切除５例,近全切除８例,大部切除３例。脑膜瘤１０例,转移癌４例,神经鞘瘤和淋巴瘤各１例。脑脊液漏和颅神经损伤为主要并发症。本组随访最长２年,肿瘤全切除者均为脑膜瘤病例,未见复发;近全切除脑膜瘤病例经γ－刀     

原发性恶性脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗探讨

目的 探讨颅内原发性恶性脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗.方法 6例原发性颅内恶性脑膜瘤术前均进行了CT 和(或)MRI检查,随后均经手术治疗,术后均由病理检查确诊,结合相关文献对其诊断和治疗进行讨论.结果 5例恶性脑膜瘤全切除,1例次全切除.病理检查结果均为恶性脑膜瘤,WHOⅡ级4例,WHOⅢ级2例.结论 恶性脑膜瘤的临床表现和影像学特征与良性脑膜瘤无显著不同,术前诊断有一定难度,确诊需根据病理学检查.恶性脑膜瘤的治疗以手术切除为主,术后放疗可以延缓肿瘤复发.     

巨大脑膜瘤栓塞后手术切除

目的　探讨巨大脑膜瘤术前栓塞及手术切除的特点。方法　回顾分析 12例巨大脑膜瘤脑血管影像学特点和临床手术治疗资料。脑膜瘤经MR检查发现分别位于前颅窝底、岩部、矢镰旁等处 ,最大直径 5 .6cm～ 9.6cm。所有肿瘤均由多支颈内动脉、颈外动脉分支供血。经选择性血管内途径 ,应用颗粒、明胶海绵、丝线等材料进行栓塞治疗。栓塞后 5～ 8天手术切除。结果　 4例肿瘤为完全栓塞 ,8例为部分栓塞。肿瘤全部切除 ,病理证实为脑膜瘤。术中出血量为 30 0～ 10 0 0ml不等。术后MR检查肿瘤完全消失 ,临床症状消退 ,无明显并发症发生。结论　巨大颅内脑膜瘤供血丰富 ,手术切除前应用栓塞治疗可减少术中出血 ,减少并发症发生     

儿童颅内脑膜瘤

目的 分析并且总结儿童脑膜瘤的临床特点及治疗效果。方法 经手术和病理证实15岁以下儿童脑膜瘤19例，其中男9例，女10例。肿瘤位于大脑凸面4例，侧脑室3例，岩斜区3例，侧裂2例，鞍区2例，中颅窝底2例，矢状窦旁、大脑镰及枕大孔各1例，结果 全切15例，不全切4例，无手术死亡，随访到9例（6个月至4年），复发2例，结论 儿童脑膜瘤无女性优势，肿瘤的发生部位与成人不同，肿瘤与硬脑膜关系不密切，手术全切除肿瘤百治疗的关键。     

脑膜瘤再手术18例临床分析

目的:探讨脑膜瘤再次手术的原因及手术方法。方法:回顾性分析术后病理诊断为脑膜瘤需再次手术者18例的临床资料。结果:18例再次手术者肿瘤全切14例,次全切除4例。无手术死亡。再手术后病理检查均为脑膜瘤。结论:首次手术全切肿瘤是避免脑膜瘤再次手术的关键。次全切除后再手术率高,再次手术是必要的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.