重症肌无力患者Foxp3~+CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与AChRAb、Titin-Ab的相关研究

目的探讨重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者Foxp3~+CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞(Foxp3~+CD4~+CD25~+Treg)与乙酰胆碱受体抗体(AChRAb)及连接素抗体(Titin-Ab)之间的关系,进一步揭示MG的发病机制。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测22例MG患者以及20名健康对照者血清AChRAb和Titin-Ab水平;采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测两组外周血中CD4~+CD25~+Treg的比例及其表达Foxp3的比例。结果 MG患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+Treg比例[(2.9±0.52)%]与健康对照组[(3.12±0.51)%]比较无统计学差异(P0.05);CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞Foxp3表达比例为(37.24±9.57)%,低于健康对照组[(58.60±4.91)%](P0.01)。MG组CD4~+CD25~+Treg表达Foxp3比例与AChRAb、Titin-Ab水平[分别为(0.232±0.060)和(0.170±0.035)pg/mL]均呈负相关(r=-0.449,P0.05;r=-0.691,P0.01)。结论 Foxp3~+CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞数目减少导致机体免疫功能缺陷是MG发病的重要环节。     

重症肌无力患者外周血Foxp3和CD152表达变化及其相关性分析

目的研究重症肌无力(MG)患者经全胸腺切除治疗外周血中调节性T细胞(CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg)中Foxp3及CD152(CTLA-4)的表达情况。方法采集重症肌无力经手术切除胸腺患者50例术前和术后6个月外周血为实验组,对照组为25例健康志愿者的外周血。应用流式细胞分析方法检测患者手术前后和健康志愿者外周血中的调节性T细胞Foxp3及CD152(CTLA-4)的表达情况。结果患有MG患者术前外周血中调节性T细胞Foxp3及CD152(CTLA-4)表达水平与对照组相比显著降低(P0.05);全胸腺切除6个月后CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~+ Treg细胞及CD152(CTLA-4)表达比例与手术前比较升高(P0.05),与健康对照组比较水平低(P0.05);调节性T细胞中Foxp3表达水平与CD152(CTLA-4)表达水平呈现一定的正相关性(P0.001)。结论重症肌无力患者外周血调节性T细胞中Foxp3和CD152(CTLA-4)表达水平较低,手术治疗能够明显提高Foxp3及CD152(CTLA-4),然而与正常人比较还不能达到正常的水平,为重症肌无力发病机制与胸腺切除治疗提供了理论依据。     

重症肌无力胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素表达与CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg细胞表型的研究

目的探索重症肌无力患者胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)表达水平与CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)表型的相关性。方法 MG组(16例经胸腺切除的MG患者)及对照组(23例先天性心脏病心脏手术后患者)取外周血单个核细胞,经CD4+CD25+抗体表面染色后加入破膜剂孵育,以Foxp3+抗体行胞内染色,以流式细胞技术检测CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg/CD4+T细胞比率;同时取两组患者对应的切除胸腺组织,以免疫组织化学法检测TSLP表达水平,并进行两组间比较;以Logistic回归分析方法分析TSLP阳性表达的Hassall小体计数与Treg细胞之间的相关性。结果CD4+CD25+/CD4+T细胞比率MG组〔(6.24±0.62)%〕与对照组〔(6.56±0.65)%〕无统计学差异(P>0.05),MG组CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg/CD4+T细胞比率〔(3.82±0.49)%〕较对照组〔(5.73±0.56)%〕明显降低(P<0.01);与对照组比较,MG组患者胸腺TSLP阳性面积大,染色深,且TSLP阳性的Hassall小体数目(6.81±2.17)明显低于对照组(18.87±3.06)(P<0.01)。MG组TSLP阳性表达的Hassall小体计数与Treg细胞表达量之间呈线性相关(R2=0.158,F=13.42,P<0.01)。结论 MG患者TSLP表达不足与胸腺Treg细胞发育过程中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+表型的表达缺陷呈正相关。     

重症肌无力患者外周血CD4+T细胞OX40的表达及作用机制研究

目的 分析重症肌无力(MG)患者外周血CD4+T细胞协同刺激分子OX40表达及其对FoxP3+CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)的调控作用,初步探讨OX40在MG免疫学发病中的作用机制.方法 以流式细胞技术检测42例MG患者及38名健康对照的外周血OX40+CD4+T细胞、FoxP3+CD4+CD25+Treg表达水平,比较OX40表达在MG患者不同临床疾病状态、Osserman分型、临床绝对评分、胸腺病理类型等情况下的差异,并分析OX40对FoxP3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的影响.结果 (1) MG患者外周血OX40+CD4+T细胞占淋巴细胞百分比高于健康对照组(P<0.01).(2)MG患者OX40+CD4+T细胞百分比在发作或加重期高于缓解期(P＜0.05);在临床绝对评分呈中、重度患者OX40+CD4+T细胞百分比高于轻度患者(均P＜0.05);Osserman Ⅱ、Ⅳ型患者OX40+CD4+T细胞百分比高于Ⅰ型患者(均P＜0.05);胸腺增生及胸腺瘤患者OX40+CD4+T细胞百分比高于胸腺正常患者(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).(3)MG患者外周血OX40+CD4+T细胞百分比与FoxP3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞百分比呈负相关(r=-0.843,P=0.01).结论 协同刺激分子OX40参与MG发病,可能通过抑制FoxP3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞生成发挥作用.     

调节性T细胞在血管性痴呆患者外周血中表达的初步研究

目的探讨CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)在血管性痴呆患者外周血中的表达情况。方法选择血管性痴呆患者48例,健康对照组40例,采取外周血标本,流式细胞学检测Treg占CD4+T细胞的比例,实时定量PCR检测外周血单个核细胞Foxp3 mRNA的水平,体外增殖抑制试验检测Treg的抑制功能,ELISA检测Treg抑制炎症因子的产生。结果与健康对照组相比,血管性痴呆患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg比例下降,Foxp3表达降低,并且Treg的抑制功能减低。结论 Treg在血管性痴呆患者外周血中表达降低,且功能减弱,提示Treg可能参与了血管性痴呆的发生发展。     

FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25+调节性T细胞在重症肌无力发病机制中的作用

目的 在细胞与分子水平检验重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+Tregs)的表达缺陷,探讨CD4+CD25+Tregs亚群异常与MG发病间的关系.方法 流式细胞技术检测21例MG患者(11例经胸腺切除)与20名健康对照者(healthy controls,HCs)外周血CD4+CD25+Tregs及FoxP3+CD4+CD25+Tregs含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-FQ-PCR)分析MG患者与HCs外周血CD4+CD25+Tregs中FoxP3 mRNA的表达.结果 MG患者外周血CD4+CD25+ Tregs占CD4+T细胞含量与HCs比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).MG患者外周血FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ Tregs含量及FoxP3 mRNA表达量与HCs比较均显著性降低(P＜0.05);胸腺切除的MG患者与未经胸腺切除的MG患者外周血FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ Tregs含量及FoxP3mRNA表达量无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 MG患者外周血CD4+CD25+ Tregs数量正常,但其表面分子FoxP3的表达下调,这种CD4+CD25+ Tregs亚群的异常发现有助于深入阐明MG的免疫发病机制.     

重症肌无力患者外周血调节性T细胞及B细胞激活因子受体的分析

目的 研究重症肌无力(MG)患者外周血多群调节性T细胞的水平及其B细胞表达B细胞激活因子受体(B cell-activating factor receptor,BAFF-R)的情况.方法 应用四色流式细胞仪检测61例MG患者与23名健康对照外周血调节性T细胞(CD4+ CD25 high Foxp3+、CD8+ CD28-、CD8+ CD122+)以及CD19+ BAFF-R+细胞的百分率.结果 MG组与健康对照组外周血CD4+ CD25 high Foxp3+ T细胞的百分率分别为32.12%±16.12%与65.15%±14.72%,MG组该群调节性T细胞的水平明显低于健康对照组(P＜0.01);两组CD8+ CD28-及CD8+ CD122+ T细胞的水平差异无统计学意义.此外,MG组外周血CD19+ BAFF-R+细胞的水平(10.57%±5.59%)显著高于健康对照组(5.38%±3.87%,P＜0.01).大剂量激素或大剂量激素加丙种球蛋白治疗后短期内可使MG组外周血CD4+ CD25 high Foxp3+调节性T细胞的百分率增加(P＜0.05).结论 MG患者Foxp3+的CD4+ CD25 high调节性T细胞的减少提示MG患者存在免疫和耐受的失衡,显示了T细胞的自身免疫性.在B细胞方面,MG患者外周血CD19+ B细胞上BAFF-R表达增高,提示其体内B细胞已处于易激活状态.     

EAE大鼠胸腺CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~+ Treg细胞的动态变化及α-硫辛酸的干预作用

目的探讨实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎(EAE)大鼠不同病程中胸腺CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞变化情况及α-硫辛酸对EAE大鼠胸腺的干预作用。方法取不同时期对照组、自然病程EAE组及α-硫辛酸EAE组大鼠的胸腺组织做流式细胞学,动态检测CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞的变化情况。结果 EAE组大鼠急性期、复发期CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞较同时期对照组明显减少(P<0.05),缓解期有所上升;α-硫辛酸组与同期EAE组相比CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞无明显变化;半年期三组大鼠胸腺CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞都明显下降,各组间无统计学差异。结论 CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞参与了EAE的发病,与病程的发展密切相关;α-硫辛酸对EAE大鼠的干预作用并非通过CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞发挥其治疗作用;随着年龄的增长,胸腺不再是机体的主要免疫器官。     

抑郁症中Foxp3的变化及其与神经递质的关系

目的从细胞因子、神经递质和调节性T细胞特征性标志Foxp3变化的角度研究抑郁症免疫失衡及其可能机制。方法采集抑郁症患者及对照者外周血,利用ELISA方法测定血清细胞因子IL-2、IL-10、TGF-β1浓度,高效液相色谱仪测定外周血5-HT、多巴胺的表达水平,逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法检测患者5-HT1aR和多巴胺受体D3以及FoxP3的mRNA水平,并将两组进行比较。分析细胞因子、神经递质及其受体与调节性T细胞的相关性。结果抑郁症患者血清IL-2水平高于正常对照组,IL-10、TGF-β1的水平低于正常对照组;抑郁症患者外周血中5-HT、DA水平均较对照组降低;单个核细胞5-HT1aR、D3和Foxp3的mRNA表达水平降低,且FoxP3 mRNA的表达与5-HT、DA及其受体水平呈正相关。结论5-HT、DA及其受体5-HT1aR、D3可能通过影响Tr细胞在抑郁症患者免疫失衡的病理生理机制发挥着重要的作用。     

多发性硬化患者外周血CD4+CD25+ T细胞变化及其机制探讨

目的探讨多发性硬化(MS)患者外周血CD4 CD25 T细胞数量及叉头样转录因子(FOXP3)表达水平与MS病情的关系。方法选择温州地区MS患者44例(男12例、女32例),均按Poser诊断标准诊断,结合头颅MRI增强扫描排除合并其他神经系统和免疫系统疾病,并统一行EDSS评分;对照组43例(男13例、女30例)为健康查体者。具体方法:流式细胞仪检测外周血CD4 CD25 T细胞数量;免疫磁珠法分离CD4 CD25 T细胞;RT-PCR法检测CD4 CD25 T细胞FOXP3 mRNA表达并进行半定量分析。结果MS患者外周血中CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞数量与对照组比较无明显变化(P>0.05);活化的效应性T细胞数量增加(P<0.05)且活动期增加更为显著(P<0.01)。同一个体疾病活动期外周血CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞数量较非活动期减少(P<0.05)。MS患者外周血中CD4 CD25 T细胞的FOXP3 mRNA表达降低(P<0.05),且活动期降低更明显(P<0.01)。结论此组MS患者外周血CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞抑制活性降低,FOXP3 mRNA表达减少,活化的效应性T细胞数量增加,且与MS疾病活动性有关。     

CD4+T-bet+, CD4+pSTAT3+ and CD8+T-bet+ T cells accumulate in peripheral blood during NZB treatment

Circulating T cells and monocytes expressing T-bet, pSTAT1 and pSTAT3 increase in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) during relapse. Natalizumab (NZB) is an effective drug in RRMS, but exacerbation of the disease after its discontinuation has been described in some patients. The aim of this research was to study the effect of NZB treatment on circulating lymphomonocyte subpopulations expressing T-bet, pSTAT1, pSTAT3 and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the percentages of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD14+ monocytes and B cells expressing T-bet, pSTAT1, and pSTAT3, and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells from RRMS patients before and after 6-12 NZB infusions. In NZB-treated RRMS patients, the percentages of CD4+pSTAT1+ and CD8+pSTAT1+ T cells, CD14+pSTAT1+ monocytes, CD4+T-bet+, CD8+T-bet+ and CD4+pSTAT3+ T cells and CD14+pSTAT3+ monocytes increased after 12 drug infusions and were similar to those observed in untreated relapsing RRMS patients. Otherwise in vitro NZB exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from untreated RRMS patients and controls had no effect. It was concluded that NZB treatment determines an accumulation of CD4+pSTAT1+, CD8+pSTAT1+, CD4+T-bet+, CD8+T-bet+ and CD4+STAT3+ T cells in peripheral blood that may account for the exacerbation of the disease observed in some patients after the discontinuation of the drug.     

Decrease of CD4+ CD45+ T-cells in chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis

Summary Circulating lymphocyte subpopulations defined by anti-CD45 and other more common T-cell-specific monoclonal antibodies were analysed in 77 patients with multiple sclerosis and 38 healthy controls. A selective decrease of CD4+ CD45+ cell percentages and absolute numbers in chronic-progressive patients was found; in 13 out of 26 patients this subpopulation was less than 11% CD4+ CD45+ cells. Similarly, the whole CD45+ cell subset, as well as CD45+ cells expressed as percentages of CD4+ cells, were significantly reduced in chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis. CD4+ CD45+ cells, commonly termed inducer of suppression T-lymphocytes, did not correlate with percentages or numbers of CD8+ cells. It is concluded that suppressor inducer T-cells act on the CD8+ subset function rather than reducing CD8+ cell numbers. Since CD4+ CD45+ cells represent an early stage of lymphocyte maturation (naive T-cells), an under-representation of this subpopulation in active multiple sclerosis might reflect an increased conversion of naive cells into memory cells. This concept may be relevant for a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis.     

CD4+CD25+ T细胞的扩增及其功能分析*☆

背景：CD4+CD25+ T细胞增殖能力低,且在人外周血中仅占单个核细胞的4%左右。若能在体外高效扩增CD4+CD25+ T细胞,并保持其免疫调节特性,将会对临床移植产生积极的影响。 目的：观察C57BL/6小鼠来源的CD4+CD25+ T细胞体外增殖情况及其扩增后的功能变化。 设计、时间及地点：细胞学体外观察,于2007-10/2008-05在南方医科大学珠江医院血液科完成。 材料：SPF级C57BL/6及BALB/C雄性小鼠购自南方医科大学动物所。小鼠白血病细胞EL9611由珠江医院血液科惠赠。 方法：利用免疫磁珠法分选小鼠CD4+CD25+ T细胞;以抗鼠 CD3ε单抗、抗鼠CD28单抗、鼠重组白细胞介素2及辐射过的BALB/C小鼠脾细胞为共刺激因子,通过实时定量RT-PCR检测扩增后CD4+CD25+ T细胞FoxP3基因mRNA表达变化,以确定增殖效率;3H-TdR掺入法检测扩增后的CD4+CD25+ T细胞对CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖的影响;LDH释放法检测扩增后的CD4+CD25+ T细胞对CD4+CD25-T细胞杀伤小鼠白血病细胞EL9611的影响,以CD4+CD25-T细胞为效应细胞,以EL9611细胞为靶细胞。 结果：经免疫磁珠分选可获得高纯度及较强活性的CD4+CD25+ T细胞。扩增后CD4+CD25+T细胞FoxP3基因mRNA的表达平均为扩增前的5.46倍,最高可达14.39倍。扩增后CD4+CD25+T细胞可明显抑制CD4+CD25-T细胞的增殖,且随着CD4+CD25+T细胞数的增加,这种抑制增殖的能力也逐渐增强,当两者比例为1:1时抑制率最大,达62.05%。与单纯CD4+CD25- T细胞对EL9611细胞杀伤率比较,效靶比为10:1时扩增后的CD4+CD25+ T细胞联合CD4+CD25- T细胞的杀伤率无明显变化（t=2.199,P > 0.05）;效靶比为5:1时扩增后的CD4+CD25+ T细胞联合CD4+CD25- T细胞的杀伤率则明显降低（t=5.839,P < 0.05）。 结论：单抗加异源性抗原能有效扩增CD4+CD25+T细胞;扩增后的CD4+CD25+T细胞比新鲜分离的CD4+CD25+T细胞能更有效地抑制CD4+CD25-T细胞的增殖,其对CD4+CD25-T细胞杀伤白血病细胞的作用则取决于其与CD4+CD25-T细胞的相对比例。     

Temporal kinetics of CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28− T lymphocytes in the injured rat spinal cord

This study aims to explore the temporal changes of cytotoxic CD8⁺CD28⁺ and regulatory CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T‐cell subsets in the lesion microenvironment after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats, by combination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry (FCM). In the sham‐opened spinal cord, few CD8⁺ T cells were found. After SCI, the CD8⁺ T cells were detected at one day post‐injury (dpi), then markedly increased and were significantly higher at 3, 7, and 14 dpi compared with one dpi (p < 0.01), the highest being seven dpi. In CD8⁺ T cells, more than 90% were CD28⁺, and there were only small part of CD28⁻ ( < 10%). After 14 days, the infiltrated CD8⁺ T cells were significantly decreased, and few could be found in good condition at 21 and 28 dpi. Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining showed that the percentages of apoptotic/necrotic CD8⁺ cells at 14 dpi and 21 dpi were significantly higher than those of the other early time‐points (p < 0.01). These results indicate that CD8⁺ T cells could rapidly infiltrate into the injured spinal cords and survive two weeks, however, cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells were dominant. Therefore, two weeks after injury might be the “time window” for treating SCI by prolonging survival times and increasing the fraction of CD8⁺ regulatory T‐cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Specificity of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells for self-T cell receptor determinants

Although the phenotypic and regulatory properties of the CD4(+)CD25(+) T cell lineage (Treg cells) have been well described, the specificities remain largely unknown. We demonstrate here that the CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg population includes the recognition of a broad spectrum of human TCR CDR2 determinants found in the germline V gene repertoire as well as that of a clonotypic nongermline-encoded CDR3beta sequence present in a recombinant soluble T cell receptor (TCR) protein. Regulatory activity was demonstrated in T cell lines responsive to TCR but not in T cell lines responsive to control antigens. Inhibitory activity of TCR-reactive T cells required cell-cell contact and involved CTLA-4, GITR, IL-10, and IL-17. Thus, the T-T regulatory network includes Treg cells with specificity directed toward self-TCR determinants.     

Increase in peripheral CD4 bright+ CD8 dull+ T cells in Parkinson disease

BACKGROUND: Immune abnormalities are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic Parkinson disease. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether abnormalities in peripheral lymphocytes exist in Parkinson disease. METHODS: Immune mediators, including CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, and Fas (CD95), were examined in peripheral lymphocytes of patients by 3-color flow cytometry. RESULTS: Patients with Parkinson disease displayed a significantly greater population of circulating CD3+ CD4 bright+ CD8 dull+ lymphocytes than age-matched control subjects (P =.005) and patients with cerebrovascular disease (P =.002). The increase in these cells appeared to continue for at least 17 months. These T cells also expressed CD45RO and Fas, markers for activated T cells, while CD1a, a marker for thymic T cells, was negative, suggesting that these cells are mature T cells with immune activities. CONCLUSIONS: As CD4+ CD8+ T cells are known to increase after some specific viral infections, the continuous increase in CD4 bright+ CD8 dull+ T cells shown here may indicate postinfectious immune abnormalities that are possibly associated with the pathogenesis of this slowly progressive, multifactorial neurodegenerative disease.     

CD26 + CD4 + T cell counts and attack risk in interferon-treated multiple sclerosis

Biomarkers that allow the identification of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with an insufficient response to immunomodulatory treatment would be desirable, as currently available treatments are only incompletely efficacious. Previous studies have shown that the expression of CD25, CD26 and CCR5 on T cells is altered in patients with active MS. We studied the expression of these molecules by flow cytometry in patients followed for six months during immunomodulatory treatment. In interferon (IFN)-beta-treated patients, we found that the hazard ratio for developing an attack was 28 in patients with CD26 + CD4 + T cell counts above median, and this risk was independent of the risk conferred by neutralizing anti-IFN-beta antibodies. CD26 + CD4 + T cell counts may identify patients with MS at increased risk of attack during treatment with IFN-beta.