BMP2在大鼠牙髓损伤修复中的表达及其对牙髓细胞的生物学效应

目的：从体内体外两方面探讨BMP2在牙髓损伤修复，尤其是牙髓细胞分化过程中的作用。方法：建立大鼠牙髓损伤修复模型和体外人牙髓细胞连续培养，采用免疫组织化学、MTT法和酶动力学等方法，检测BMP2在体内牙髓组织损伤修复过程中的表达，并比较不同浓度rhBMP2对体外人牙髓细胞连续培养各阶段细胞增殖活性及ALP活性的影响。结果：体内牙髓组织损伤修复过程中存在BMP2的表达，牙髓组织损伤修复的不同阶段其表达部位和强度发生变化；rhBMP2可提高体外培养人牙髓细胞的增殖活性，与其本身浓度有关，并可促进人虎髓细胞ALP活性，呈浓度依赖性；结论：BMP2是参与牙髓损伤修复，尤其是牙髓细胞的增殖和分化的重要因子之一。     

人牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞诱导分化中细胞周期变化

目的 建立成牙本质细胞样细胞体外培养体系,观察体外培养的牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞分化过程中细胞周期的变化.方法 利用组织块酶解法培养人牙髓细胞并进行鉴定,使用矿化诱导液诱导其向成牙本质细胞样细胞分化.对细胞增殖情况使用流式细胞仪进行细胞周期测定.结果 ①获得的牙髓细胞均为波形丝蛋白阳性,角蛋白阴性,证明为中胚层来源的细胞.②诱导分化的牙髓细胞在2周左右进入复层生长期;3周左右开始有细胞结节形成,周围细胞呈放射状排列,部分细胞出现细长突起并呈极性排列;4周左右细胞团中央Von Kossa染色为阳性.③在诱导开始后1周,细胞处于活跃的增殖期,以后细胞增殖变慢,3周后多数细胞处于G0G1期.结论 实验成功建立了成牙本质细胞样细胞体外培养体系,所获得的成牙本质细胞样细胞具有成牙本质细胞的部分形态和生物学功能,诱导分化后细胞增殖变慢,是研究成牙本质细胞的较好模型.     

体外组织培养模式的构建及转化生长因子促进牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞诱导分化的研究

目的通过构建体外组织培养模式，观察牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞诱导分化的潜力及转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）的促进作用。方法获取人第三磨牙牙髓组织，剪碎后与牙本质陶瓷粉（CDP）及2μg／mL TGF-β1混合，将混合物以骨基质明胶（BMG）为载体构建牙髓组织培养模型，在培养3、7、14和21d后，通过HE和组织特异性染色鉴定有无骨-牙本质基质成分形成，免疫组化检测细胞有无牙本质特异性蛋白——牙本质涎蛋白（DSP）的表达。结果牙髓组织经TGF-β1诱导培养后可进一步矿化，甲苯胺蓝和Mallory染色表明在牙髓组织的中心出现骨-牙本质样基质的沉积，免疫组化检测牙髓细胞开始出现DSP的表达。结论成功构建体外牙髓组织培养模型，该模型能维持牙髓细胞的生长和存活，可用于体外对牙髓细胞的诱导分化观察；该模型模式下TGF-β1可明显促进牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞的分化诱导潜能。     

体外组织培养模式的构建及转化生长因子促进牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞诱导分化的研究

目的通过构建体外组织培养模式,观察牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞诱导分化的潜力及转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的促进作用。方法获取人第三磨牙牙髓组织,剪碎后与牙本质陶瓷粉(CDP)及2μg/mL TGF-β1混合,将混合物以骨基质明胶(BMG)为载体构建牙髓组织培养模型,在培养3、7、14和21 d后,通过HE和组织特异性染色鉴定有无骨-牙本质基质成分形成,免疫组化检测细胞有无牙本质特异性蛋白——牙本质涎蛋白(DSP)的表达。结果牙髓组织经TGF-β1诱导培养后可进一步矿化,甲苯胺蓝和Mallory染色表明在牙髓组织的中心出现骨-牙本质样基质的沉积,免疫组化检测牙髓细胞开始出现DSP的表达。结论成功构建体外牙髓组织培养模型,该模型能维持牙髓细胞的生长和存活,可用于体外对牙髓细胞的诱导分化观察;该模型模式下TGF-β1可明显促进牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞的分化诱导潜能。     

体外牙髓-牙本质复合体观察模型的初步构建

目的 体外构建牙髓-牙本质复合体模型,通过对生长于其内的牙髓细胞生长情况的观测评价该模型的构建效果。方法 构建可动态观察细胞形态的牙髓-牙本质复合体模型。将增殖稳定的人牙髓细胞接种于模型内培养,检测细胞在髓腔环内与牙本质髓腔内壁的关系和形态学表现,以及结构内细胞的增值活性等。结果 人牙髓细胞可以在本研究构建的模型内稳定增殖生长。 结论 本研究成功构建了体外牙髓-牙本质复合体动态观察模型,人牙髓细胞可在其内稳定增殖生长。     

Ⅰ型胶原酶消化组织块法体外培养人牙髓细胞

目的 建立利用Ⅰ型胶原酶消化组织块体外培养人牙髓细胞方法。方法 通过组织块Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法进行人牙髓细胞体外培养，免疫细胞化学法鉴定细胞组织来源，进行细胞传代，酶组织化学法对体外复层生长的人牙髓细胞爬片进行碱性磷酸酶组织化学染色，并检测其矿化能力。结果 采用Ⅰ型胶原酶消化组织块法体外培养的原代牙髓细胞，在第15～20d出现汇合，第4～6代牙髓细胞在连续培养后具有复层生长特性，并具有显著的碱性磷酸酶活性．阳性染色强弱部位呈区域性分布，连续培养的牙髓细胞可形成矿化结节。结论 Ⅰ型胶原酶消化组织块法可以很好地进行人牙髓细胞体外培养，可以用酶组织化学法研究牙髓细胞的生物学特性。     

牙髓牙本质复合体体外培养模型的建立

目的建立牙髓牙本质复合体体外培养模型。方法取20~30岁成人新鲜、健康、完整的第三磨牙,纵向将牙齿切成厚约2 mm的片状结构,每片牙片均包含牙釉质、牙本质和牙髓,运用DMEM培养液进行体外培养,隔天换液,连续培养21 d。分别在培养的第7、14、21天,通过光镜和电镜观察,并行免疫组化检测,对模型进行鉴定。结果光镜和电镜观察显示,成牙本质细胞和牙髓细胞在培养的第7天和第14天时,均保持良好的细胞形态;培养第21天时,部分细胞开始发生变性。免疫组化检测表明,成牙本质细胞牙本质涎磷蛋白表达阳性。结论该模型能够在体外进行较长时间的培养,为人类牙髓牙本质复合体的体外研究提供了一种新的方法。     

牙髓牙本质复合体体外培养模型的建立

目的 建立牙髓牙本质复合体体外培养模型.方法 取20～30岁成人新鲜、健康、完整的第三磨牙,纵向将牙齿切成厚约2 mm的片状结构,每片牙片均包含牙釉质、牙本质和牙髓,运用DMEM培养液进行体外培养,隔天换液,连续培养21 d.分别在培养的第7、14、21天,通过光镜和电镜观察,并行免疫组化检测,对模型进行鉴定.结果 光镜和电镜观察显示,成牙本质细胞和牙髓细胞在培养的第7天和第14天时,均保持良好的细胞形态;培养第21天时,部分细胞开始发生变性.免疫组化检测表明,成牙本质细胞牙本质涎磷蛋白表达阳性.结论 该模型能够在体外进行较长时间的培养,为人类牙髓牙本质复合体的体外研究提供了一种新的方法.     

富血小板纤维蛋白运用于直接盖髓术的研究进展

<正>直接盖髓术是保存活髓的有效手段,将盖髓材料覆盖于暴露的牙髓组织上,隔绝外界刺激,诱导牙髓细胞向成牙本质细胞分化,并为牙髓细胞提供附着空间,最终在穿髓孔处形成管状修复性牙本质,这是直接盖髓术理想的组织学表现。牙髓细胞可在各种细胞生长因子作用下向成牙本质细胞分化,而富血小板纤维蛋白(Platelet-rich fibrin,PRF)可缓慢持续释放生长因子,进一步影响和引导牙髓细胞的增殖、分化过程。PRF膜已广泛应用于口腔领域,应用于直接盖髓     

处理牙本质浸提液对牙髓细胞分化方面作用的研究

目的 观察人处理牙本质基质(human treated dentin matrix,hTDM)浸提液对人牙髓细胞(human dental pulp cells,hDPCs)成牙和成神经方向分化的影响,为有效利用细胞外基质分子参与牙髓牙本质复合体的修复提供新线索.方法 体外分离培养hDPCs,免疫荧光及流式细胞术鉴定细胞组织来源;成脂、成骨及成神经诱导培养基诱导培养hDPCs,鉴定细胞多向分化能力.制备hTDM浸提液,诱导培养hDPCs7d后,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析细胞成牙和成神经方向分化的基因的改变.结果 qRT-PCR结果显示被诱导后hDPCs不同程度的增强表达ALP、OPN、OCN、BSP、DMP-1、DSP、β-Ⅲtubulin.结论 浸提的方法能够有效收集牙本质基质中的细胞外基质分子;浸提液能提供良好的诱导微环境诱导hDPCs成牙和成神经方向分化,这有利于牙髓牙本质复合体的修复.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.