IL-32原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的 构建人IL-32原核表达载体,并进行初步诱导表达.方法 PCR扩增IL-32基因并将其与原核表达质粒pET32a(+)连接,重组pET32a- IL-32经PCR、酶切及测序鉴定后转入表达菌株BL21(DE3)进行融合蛋白的少量诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western Blotting检测目的蛋白表达及水平.结果 含有重组质粒的表达菌株经IPTG诱导后获得高效表达,融合蛋白主要存在于包涵体中,重组蛋白表达水平占总蛋白的27.5%;Western Blotting分析表明该蛋白可与特异性抗体发生结合.结论 构建了人IL-32基因的原核表达载体,获得IL-32融合蛋白.     

BTBD10基因的原核表达和多克隆抗体制备

目的 克隆和表达BTBD10基因,为进一步研究BTBD 10与胰岛细胞增殖功能提供工具.方法 制备兔抗BTBD10多克隆抗体,利用PCR方法扩增BTBD10全长,经Bam H I和Sal I酶切后连接入pET32a原核表达载体,将重组表达质粒pET32a-BTBD 10转化大肠杆菌ROSSET,经IPTG诱导表达蛋白,并以亲和层析的方法进行纯化,以纯化的BTBD10蛋白免疫新两兰大白兔,制备兔抗BTBD10的多克隆抗体,利用Western blot方法分析鉴定.结果 经双酶切和核酸序列分析证实重组质粒包含有正确编码的BTBD10读码框.SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示IPTG诱导后表达约85kU的融合蛋白,与预期结果相符.将纯化的融合蛋白免疫家兔,获得兔抗BTBD10多克隆抗体血清,Western blot结果显示该抗体特异性好,效价高,目的条带位于56kU处.结论 成功构建人BTBD10原核表达载体,并获得了高纯度BTBD10重组蛋白及兔抗BTBD10多克隆抗体.     

靶向克隆法构建pET15b-VP3原核表达载体

目的探索利用PCR产物靶向克隆法构建能够表达凋亡素的pET15b-VP3原核表达载体。方法以PGEX-6P-1/TAT-VP3质粒为模板,PCR扩增VP3基因的366bp片段,应用靶向克隆酶,将VP3基因插入到线性pET15b,得到重组表达载体pET15b-VP3,经过筛选,挑选出阳性克隆进行XhoⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切,图谱分析和重组质粒核苷酸序列分析以鉴定所构建的原核表达载体。结果 PCR产物经过电泳鉴定可见366bp特征性的VP3片段,重组质粒经双酶切电泳获得了一个大小为366bp的VP3片段,重组质粒测序证实VP3cDNA编码区成功地插入了pET15b,且其序列与GeneBank中VP3cDNA序列完全一致。结论靶向克隆法可快速,高效地构建pET15b-VP3原核表达载体,为进一步研究VP3药用价值奠定了基础。     

蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫甲硫氨酸硫氧化物还原酶基因的克隆、表达与纯化

目的 蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（简称为贾第虫）甲硫氨酸硫氧化物还原酶基因（GlMSR）,进行原核表达获得其重组蛋白。方法 依据GenBank中GlMSR序列设计引物,以贾第虫中国C2 克隆株基因组DNA 为模板,通过PCR扩增编码序列,将所得片段连接至质粒pET28a以构建原核表达载体pET28a-GlMSR,将pET28a-GlMSR导入大肠杆菌E.coli JM109并挑取阳性克隆进行基因测序和鉴定。用化学方法将经测序验证的重组质粒pET28a-GlMSR转化至E.coli BL21（DE3）。经异丙基硫代半乳糖苷（Isopropyl β-D-Thiogalactoside, IPTG）诱导表达后,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测重组蛋白表达结果。收集沉淀中的重组表达产物,镍柱亲和层析纯化带组氨酸标签的重组蛋白,并通过免疫印迹鉴定纯化结果。结果 电泳结果显示在约624 bp处出现目的DNA条带,表明成功得到GlMSR编码序列;PCR 鉴定、酶切鉴定以及基因测序结果表明成功构建重组表达载体pET28a-GlMSR,经IPTG诱导后在沉淀中获得目的蛋白,目的蛋白分子量（Mr）约为25 000,与预期分子量（Mr）22 800基本相符。经Western blot分析显示该重组蛋白含有His6标签。结论 本研究克隆、表达了蓝氏贾第虫GlMSR基因,并纯化获得重组蛋白,为进一步探索该酶的功能奠定了基础。     

人DC-SIGN的原核表达载体的构建、重组蛋白的表达纯化和鉴定

目的:获得纯化的DC-SIGN蛋白,为揭示DC-SIGN参与抗原提呈的机制,探讨宿主细胞DC-SIGN蛋白和HIV、HCV、结核杆菌等病原体的相互作用机制奠定基础。方法:人DC-SIGN的cDNA克隆到pGEX-KG表达载体上,转化入E.coli中,通过IPTG诱导,过度表达GST-DC-SIGN融合蛋白,并使用Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱提取得到纯化的DC-SIGN蛋白,最后通过SDS-PAGE和Western Blot方法进行检测和鉴定。结果:酶切鉴定证实DC-SIGN基因已插入原核表达载体pGEX-KG。重组表达质粒pGEX-KG-DC-SIGN在大肠杆菌BL21中成功表达了DC-SIGN融合蛋白,其分子质量约为44 kU。结论:成功构建DC-SIGN原核表达重组质粒,并提取纯化出DC-SIGN原核蛋白,为下一步研究DC-SIGN的功能奠定了基础。     

刚地弓形虫肌动蛋白profilin的原核表达和纯化

目的：探讨刚地弓形虫肌动蛋白profilin （TgPRF）的原核表达体系和纯化条件,为后续的抗肿瘤免疫佐剂研究提供依据。方法：以弓形虫RH株速殖子的cDNA为模板,采用一对特定的引物扩增TgPRF基因的编码区。PCR产物双酶切后克隆入pET28a （+）载体中。重组的pET28a （+）-TgPRF质粒转化E.coli DH5α感受态细胞。双酶切鉴定阳性克隆,并选取测序正确的质粒转化E.coli BL21（DE3）表达菌,经IPTG诱导表达4 h,SDS-PAGE法检测TgPRF蛋白的表达,Western blotting法检测重组蛋白His-prolilin的表达。结果：PCR扩增产物长度为492 bp。经双酶切和测序,重组质粒pET28a-TgPRF连接产物构建成功。SDS-PAGE检测,目的蛋白在超声菌液的上清中表达。经Ni-NTA琼脂糖凝胶柱纯化,获得纯化的TgPRF蛋白（纯度>90%）。Western blotting检测,重组TgPRF蛋白能被Anti-His抗体识别。结论：成功构建重组质粒pET28a-TgPRF,并实现可溶性原核表达。     

人HT036蛋白的原核表达及鉴定

目的 原核表达人HT036蛋白并鉴定其正确性.方法 采用PCR技术,扩增人HT036蛋白编码序列,克隆至原核表达载体pET30a( )中,用IPTG诱导表达,免疫印迹鉴定.结果 PCR扩增得到了目的DNA片段,克隆至原核表达载体后经酶切与测序鉴定正确,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达,用抗His抗体鉴定融合蛋白表达正确.结论 成功构建了重组原核表达载体并正确表达了HT036蛋白.     

pET21b-HPV16E4重组质粒的构建及鉴定

目的 构建HPV16 E4重组表达质粒,以获得HPV16 E4活性蛋白,为进一步研究打基础.方法 从宫颈癌组织中提取DNA,用PCR方法扩增HPV16E4 DNA片段,定向克隆到原核表达载体pET21b质粒中,利用菌液PCR方法筛选重组阳性菌株.提取重组质粒,利用酶切图谱分析方法和核酸序列测定验证重组质粒pET21b-HPV16E4构建的正确性.结果 用PCR方法从宫颈癌组织中扩增出HPV16 E4片段,大小为0.3kb.从PCR筛选的重组菌株中提取重组质粒pET21b-HPV16E4,经单酶切得到5.7kb的片断,HindⅢ和BamHⅠ双酶切得到5.4kb和0.3kb两个片段,并且测序结果与已知序列相符,证实了重组质粒构建的正确性.结论 pET21b-HPV16E4重组质粒构建成功.     

乙型肝炎核心抗原基因的合成及其原核表达载体的构建

目的:合成乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)基因并构建原核表达载体.方法:根据大肠杆菌偏嗜性密码子,利用Synthetic Gene Designer软件对HBcAg基因进行密码子优化,分成24条相互重叠的寡核苷酸片段,采用PCR法扩增获得完整的HBcAg基因,经BamH I和Xho I双酶切后定向克隆到pET30a(+),得pET30a(≠)-HB-cAg,经PCR扩增、酶切及测序鉴定后,定点突变法改正错误位点.之后将重组子转入BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳分析表达情况,Western Blot检测蛋白抗原性.结果:成功构建了重组质粒pET30a(≠)-HBcAg,SDS-PAGE分析显示目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式在大肠杆菌表达,表达效率64%左右;Wesbern Blot显示表达产物具有较好的抗原性.结论:成功合成HBcAg基因并构建了原核表达载体.     

铁蛋白轻链的原核表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的:构建FTL的原核表达载体,获得FTL纯化蛋白,制备抗体,为研究其生物学作用奠定基础.方法:采用基因重组技术将PCR扩增的FTL基因产物与原核表达载体pET30a( )连接,转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),通过PCR、单双酶切及测序鉴定构建结果,用IPTG诱导蛋白表达,将融合蛋白纯化后,免疫日本大白兔,制备FTL多抗,采用Western印迹法检验抗体特异性.结果:成功地构建了FTL的原核表达载体,经大肠杆菌中诱导表达、镍亲和层析柱纯化,得到较纯的相对分子质量约25 800的融合蛋白,免疫日本大白兔后得到多抗血清,Western印迹结果显示此多克隆抗体与FTL蛋白特异性结合.结论:本研究获得FTL纯化蛋白,制备了FTL多克隆抗体,为进一步研究FTL的作用机制及其在肺癌组织中的表达情况奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.