颅内非听神经性神经鞘瘤的放射外科治疗临床研究

目的 回顾性分析伽玛刀放射外科对非听神经性神经鞘瘤的疗效及治疗剂量.方法 应用γ刀治疗非听神经神经鞘瘤,43例获得完全随访资料,包括24例三叉神经鞘瘤和19例颈静脉孔神经鞘瘤.以50%～80%等剂量曲线包绕靶区,肿瘤中位剂量分别为13 Gy(三叉神经鞘瘤)和15 Gy(颈静脉孔神经鞘瘤).结果 43例患者平均随访时间62个月.本组随访影像提示24例三叉神经鞘瘤患者伽玛刀治疗后肿瘤基本消失的4例(16.6%),肿瘤体积明显萎缩的12例(50.0%),肿瘤体积没有明显改变的6例(25%),肿瘤体积增大的2例(8.3%),肿瘤总控制率91.7%(22/24).19例颈神经孔神经鞘瘤患者伽玛刀治疗后肿瘤基本消失的3例(15.8%),肿瘤体积明显萎缩的9例(47.4%),肿瘤体积没有明显改变的6例(31.6%),肿瘤体积增大的1例(5.3%),肿瘤总控制率94.7%.本组患者肿瘤局部控制率为93%(41/44).临床症状改善总有效率为88.4%(38/43).结论 γ刀放射外科对非听神经性神经鞘瘤有良好的中长期控制作用,毒副作用较少.     

听神经瘤伽玛刀术后并发脑积水相关因素的研究

目的：探讨听神经瘤伽玛马术后并发脑积水的相关因素。方法：回顾性研究５８例行伽玛马治疗后随访时间１２～２６个月（中位数１８个月）的听神经瘤患者,多变量Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析和单变量卡方检验行统计学处理。结果：伽玛马术后脑积水的发生率为１４．３％,术前均无脑积水且增强均均的肿瘤中,术后有无肿瘤内坏死的两组患者中,脑积水发生率经卡方检验有统计学意义（Ｐ＝０．０１）。结论：听力神经伽玛刀术后并发症脑积水     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤229例疗效分析

[目的]评价伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的疗效.[方法]采用OUR旋转式伽玛刀治疗229例听神经瘤患者,观察术后病情变化.[结果]本组伽玛刀治疗病例随访6～60个月,其中肿瘤缩小98例,肿瘤体积不变115例,肿瘤增大16例,治疗前存在有用听力病例中38例听力下降;130例患者有用听力得到保留;54例出现患侧面瘫;11例出现三叉神经功能部分受损.[结论]伽玛刀对听神经瘤有较高的肿瘤控制率,并能保留有用听力,对面神经、三又神经损伤小,是小至中等大小听神经瘤可供选择的治疗[方法],及术后残余和复发肿瘤的重要辅助治疗手段.     

伽玛刀放射治疗听神经瘤的长期疗效分析

目的总结评价伽玛刀放射治疗对听神经瘤生长的控制作用和对肿瘤周围的颅神经功能变化的影响。方法从1997年至2005年我科伽玛刀中心采用多中心点照射治疗159例（164个）听神经瘤,其中137例有完整的随访资料。MRI随访6～96个月,平均37.2个月;临床随访6～116个月,平均36.4个月。单纯行伽玛刀治疗86例,开颅手术后再行伽玛刀治疗51例。结果肿瘤控制率为94.16%;肿瘤体积增大8例（5.84%）。术前有听力的106例患者中听力保留率为72.64%,听力下降率为27.36%。面神经功能保留率为95.50%,三叉神经功能保留率为94.16%。结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤有良好的控制效果,并发症少,对肿瘤周围颅神经有较高的功能保留作用。     

伽玛治疗听神经瘤的长期疗效分 析简

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤长期预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析164例接受伽玛刀治疗并随访的听神经瘤病例资料,伽玛刀治疗的平均中心剂量为20．86Gy（10～27．1Gy）,平均周边剂量为10．64Gy（6～18Gy）;平均肿瘤体积为11．54cm3（0．06～100．07cm3）。记录肿瘤KOOS分级,术后病人听力,面神经、三叉神经功能及其他并发症等情况。结果随访5～86个月．平均39.3个月,术后病人无进展生存率为86．6％,听力功能保留率为82．3％。术后新出现面部麻木感3例,面瘫2例,三叉神经痛2例,病侧耳鸣4例,脑积水1例,性格改变1例,头晕22例。单因素分析提示,肿瘤体积和KOOS分级与病人预后有关（P〈0．05）。肿瘤体积大小是伽玛刀术后的独立预后因素（P〈0．05）。术前肿瘤体积和KOOS分级对伽玛刀术后病人听力保留率有显著影响（P〈0．05）。结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤是一种安全和有效的方法,术前肿瘤体积〈10cm3和KOOS分级较低提示病人无进展生存时间较长,术后较高听力功能保留率。     

听神经瘤伽玛刀治疗后并发脑积水成因分析

中小型听神经瘤进行伽玛刀治疗目前已有非常成熟的经验[1-3],因其并发症少,肿瘤控制效果佳,已成为立体定向放射外科指南中首选疾病之一.然而,由于高龄患者及偏大的听神经瘤伽玛刀术后并发脑积水并不少见,需引起临床医生的注意.本文通过回顾分析总结拟探讨听神经瘤伽玛刀治疗术后并发脑积水的成因.     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤疗效观察

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的疗效。方法应用玛西普伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤152例,其中84例获得完整随访资料,随访时间为12～89个月。结果肿瘤体积缩小57例（67．9％）、不变23例（27．3％）、增大4例。听力保留率为70．6％（36／51）,出现患侧面神经一过性受损4例（5．3％）,出现三叉神经功能受损症状3例（2例为一过性,1例经治疗后缓解）。结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤有较高的肿瘤生长控制率,对相关颅神经损伤小,并发症少,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤疗效分析

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的疗效。方法连续应用Leksell伽玛刀治疗92例听神经瘤。结果随访12-36个月。肿瘤生长控制率为93.5％（86／92），无死亡及严重并发症发生。在65例可评价病例中，听力保留38例，保留率58.5％。治疗后4～8周8例（8.7％，8.92）出现轻度周围性面瘫，半年后逐渐恢复；6例（6.5％，6.92）出现三叉神经受损症状，表现为面部麻木。6～12个月后恢复。结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤安全、有效，患者生存质量高。     

三叉神经鞘瘤的伽玛刀治疗

目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗对三叉神经鞘瘤的临床疗效.方法回顾性分析1994年12月至2003年12月于本中心行伽玛刀治疗并随访的58例三叉神经鞘瘤,肿瘤平均体积4.6cm3,平均周边剂量13.1Gy,平均中心剂量28.3Gy.结果平均随访期42.5个月,影像随访证实4例肿瘤基本消失,34例明显萎缩,16例体积变化不明显,4例体积增大,肿瘤总控制率93%.28例患者的临床症状明显改善,23例临床症状无变化,7例临床症状持续加重.13例伴有继发性三叉神经痛的患者中,10例伽玛刀治疗后明显缓解或消失.结论伽玛刀治疗对中小型三叉神经鞘瘤安全有效,并可有效地改善其临床症状,保护瘤周颅神经的功能.     

伽玛刀治疗中小听神经瘤的疗效观察

目的　探讨伽玛刀治疗中小听神经瘤的疗效。方法　应用伽玛刀治疗 10 8例中小听神经瘤患者 ,肿瘤边缘剂量平均 14.4Gy。结果　治疗后随访 3～ 5年 ,10 3例 (95 .4% )瘤体得到控制 ,听力障碍明显改善 32例 (2 9.6 % ) ;仅 2例三叉神经、3例面神经障碍和 1例共济失调加重。结论　伽玛刀是治疗中小听神经瘤的另一种有效、安全的方法     

Removal of large acoustic neurinomas (vestibular schwannomas) by the retrosigmoid approach with no mortality and minimal morbidity

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of removing large acoustic neurinomas (> or =3 cm) by the retrosigmoid approach. METHODS: Large acoustic neurinomas (mean (SD), 4.1 (0.6) cm) were removed from 50 consecutive patients by the retrosigmoid suboccipital approach while monitoring the facial nerve using a facial stimulator-monitor. Excision began with the large extrameatal portion of the tumour, followed by removal of the intrameatal tumour, and then removal of the residual tumour in the extrameatal region just outside the porus acusticus. The last pieces of tumour were removed by sharp dissection from the facial nerve bidirectionally, and resected cautiously in a piecemeal fashion. RESULTS: There were no postoperative deaths. The tumour was removed completely in 43 of 50 patients (86%). The facial nerve was anatomically preserved in 92% of the patients and 84% had excellent facial nerve function (House-Brackmann grade 1/2). One patient recovered useful hearing after tumour removal. Cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred in 4%, but there were no cases of meningitis. All but two patients (96%) had a good functional outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The method resulted in a high rate of functional facial nerve preservation, a low incidence of complications, and good functional outcomes, with no mortality and minimal morbidity. Very favourable results can be obtained using the retrosigmoid approach for the removal of large acoustic neurinomas.     

X-刀治疗听神经瘤后脑神经损害的观察

目的:探讨放射外科治疗听神经瘤的常用剂量对相邻脑神经的损害。方法:中、小型听神经瘤12例,采用等中心直线加速器放射外科治疗,分区测量听神经、面神经、三叉神经和后组脑神经的最高受累剂量,随访6～21个月。结果:16.1Gy照射听神经造成听力减退发生率为71.4％,有效听力保留率为72.7％;15.4Gy照射三叉神经造成三叉神经损害发生率为42.9％;15.7Gy的照射剂量仅造成1例面神经损害加重;14.2Gy的剂量未造成后组脑神经损害。结论:放射外科治疗中,小型听神经瘤采用14～20Gy的周边剂量是安全的;感觉神经的放射耐受性较运动神经为低。     

Neurophysiological evaluation of trigeminal and facial nerves in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

Cranial neuropathy is clinically uncommon in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), but there is little information on the neurophysiological examination of cranial nerve involvement. To determine the incidence of trigeminal and facial nerve involvement in patients with CIDP, the direct response of the orbicularis oculi muscle to percutaneous electric stimulation of the facial nerve and the blink reflex (induced by stimulation of the supraorbital nerve) were examined in 20 CIDP patients. The latency of the direct response was increased in 12 patients (60%) and an abnormal blink reflex was observed in 17 patients (85%). There was no correlation between electrophysiological findings and the latencies of the direct and R1 responses and disease duration or clinical grade in CIDP patients. Nevertheless, the prevalence of subclinical trigeminal and facial neuropathy is extremely high in patients with CIDP when examined by neurophysiological tests.     

Image-fusion-guided radioisotope I-125 stereotactic brachytherapy of acoustic neurinoma--new surgical method

Gamma knife and multi leaf collimator Linac have recently gained significant space in the treatment of acoustic neurinomas. As our neurosurgical department does not own gamma knife or Linac, we have successfully pursued the 125Iodine interstitial irradiation of three acoustic neurinomas. Our patients were elderly people with poor general condition, therefore we decided to undertake interstitial irradiation because of the low tolerance for surgery. The follow-up period until March 2002, lasted five, 23 and 40 months in the three cases. At the end of the follow-up period the audiometrical examination stated slight enhancement of hearing in case one and case two. In case one, the tumor volume, as measured on the control MRI was 5.32 cm3, which meant a 21% shrinkage in contrast to the 6.74 cm3 target volume at the brachytherapy. In case two, the shrinkage was even more apparent. The tumor volume measured on the control MRI examination was 6.64 cm3, which was a 42% shrinkage of the 11.45 cm3 target volume at the moment of brachytherapy. Due to financial reasons, gamma knife and Linac are not available for many countries and neurosurgical institutes. In the absence of the above mentioned radiosurgical methods, we have shown brachytherapy as a new alternative and solution in the treatment of acoustic neurinoma in three patients.