过敏性哮喘患者细胞因子对IgE生成机制的探讨

对３０例过敏性哮喘患者发作期和缓解期及３０例健康成年人的外周血，采用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法，测定血清ＩｇＥ，可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）和白细胞介素－４（ＩＬ－４）水平，生物学方法测定血清ＩＬ－２水平和３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法定量测定血清ＩＬ－６。结果：过敏性哮喘患者发作期血清ＩｇＥ、ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＩＬ－４和ＩＬ－６水平明显升高，与缓解期和对照组有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），而发作期血清ＩＬ－２水平明显下降，与缓解期和对照组有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），且血清ＩｇＥ分别与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＩＬ－４水平有明显正相关（Ｐ均＜０．０１），与ＩＬ－２水平有明显负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。说明ＩｇＥ合成增加是过敏性哮喘的关键，细胞因子有促进Ｂ细胞合成ＩｇＥ的作用，并且直接参与过敏性哮喘气道炎症的形成。     

呼吸道合胞病毒感染对哮喘患儿单个核细胞表达白细胞介 …

目的 观察呼吸道合胞病毒（ＲＳＶ）感染对哮喘患儿螨诱导单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）表达白细胞介素４（ＩＬ－４）和ＩＬ－５的影响及其与哮喘的关系。方法 用 联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）及逆转录（ＲＴ）－聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）法 ３０例螨过敏哮喘患儿「其中ＲＳＶ感染者１６例（Ａ组），无ＲＳＶ感染者１４例（Ｂ组）」和１０名年龄组正常对照组（Ｃ组）的外周血ＰＢＭＣ经螨诱导表达ＩＬ－４及ＩＬ－５的水平，并分析其与     

MDS患者白细胞介素2受体表达研究

本实验以２８例ＭＤＳ（ＲＡ１８例、ＲＡＥＢ和ＲＡＥＢ－Ｔ１０例）和１０例ＡＮＬＬ为研究对象，采用ＡＰＡＡＰ和ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测患者外周血单个核细胞（ＰＨＡ刺激前后）的ＭＩＬ－２Ｒ和培养血清中ＳＴＬ－ＩＲ，结果表明：经ＰＨＡ刺激培养４８ｈ后，ＭＤＳ和ＡＮＬＬ患者Ｔａｃ抗原阳性率明显低于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）ＲＡＥＢ和ＲＡＥＢ－ｔ组Ｔａｃ＋率比ＲＡ低，与ＡＮＬＬ差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；血清中ＳＴＬ－２Ｒ在ＭＤＳ各亚型中均高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），其中以ＲＡＥＢ及ＲＡＥＢ－ｔ为著。认为ＭＤＳ患者免疫反应及监视能减弱；ＳＴＲ－２Ｒ与ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ无相关；ＩＬ－２Ｒ表达异常可能与造血抑制有关。     

白细胞介素-6及其受体在系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血中的表达

目的 了解系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）患者血清白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）和可溶笥白细胞介素－６受体（ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平及其与临床活动性指标的相关性,并初步探讨其ＩＬ－６信号传导途径。方法 采用ＭＴＴ比色法和酶联免疫吸附实验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法分别检测１６例ＳＬＥ（９例活动,７例非活动）、１７例活动期类风湿关节炎（ＲＡ）患者及２９例正常人血清ＩＬ－６和ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平。并在体外用ＩＬ－６刺激分离单个核细胞后,     

各型乙型肝炎患者血清sIL-2R、IFN-γ和IL-1变化的研究

目的：探讨各型乙型肝炎患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＩＦＮ－γ和ＩＬ－１变化及其临床意义。方法：收集急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、慢性重型肝炎和活动性肝硬变患者血清标本各１６例,１６健康人血清标本作为正常对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＩＦＳＡ）检测各型乙型肝炎患者血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＩＦＮ－γ水平,采用ＭＴＴ法检测各型乙型肝炎患者血清中ＩＬ－１水平,并与正常对照组进行比较。结果：急性肝炎患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＩＦ     

哮喘患者外周血单个核细胞中白细胞介素-6 mRNA表达与气道炎症的研究

目的探讨外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中白细胞介素（ＩＬ）６ｍＲＮＡ表达与血嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）和１秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值（ＦＥＶ１％）的关系。方法对１２例过敏性哮喘发作期患者、８例缓解期患者及９例健康人，采用ＲＴＰＣＲ法和图像分析半定量法检测ＰＢＭＣ中ＩＬ６ｍＲＮＡ的表达水平及ＥＣＰ和ＦＥＶ１％。结果发作期患者ＩＬ６ｍＲＮＡ的表达明显高于缓解期患者和健康人（Ｐ＜００１），而缓解期患者无明显升高。发作期患者ＩＬ６ｍＲＮＡ的表达水平与血清ＥＣＰ呈中度正相关（ｒ＝０６７９，Ｐ＜００１），而与ＦＥＶ１％呈中度负相关（ｒ＝－０５８９，Ｐ＜００５）。结论过敏性哮喘发作期患者ＰＢＭＣ中ＩＬ６ｍＲＮＡ表达水平显著增强。其气道炎症程度与ＩＬ６基因转录增强有关     

哮喘患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1水平测定及临床意义

哮喘患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１水平测定及临床意义曹国强杨肇亨本实验用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法，测定了１５例哮喘患者不同时期血清中可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－１）含量，以观察其在哮喘不同时期是否发生了变化，并探讨该变化在哮喘过敏性炎症中的临床意义...     

支气管哮喘患者IL-4、sICAM-1、IFNγ与IgE的相关性研究

目的　探讨支气管哮喘患者血清中白介素－ ４（ＩＬ－ ４）、可溶性细胞粘附因子－１（ｓＩＣＡＭ－ １）、γ干扰素在支气管哮喘发病中的作用及与ＩｇＥ水平的相关关系。方法　分别在支气管哮喘发作期、缓解期及口服强的松治疗后用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法分别测定血清中ＩＬ－４、ｓＩＣＡＭ－ １、ＩＦＮγ和ＩｇＥ水平。结果　在支气管哮喘发作期血清ＩＬ－４、ｓＩＣＡＭ－１、ＩｇＥ水平明显升高,ＩＦＮγ水平明显降低;在缓解期和经强的松治疗后,血清ＩＬ－４、ｓＩＣＡＭ－ １、ＩｇＥ水平明显降低。结论　ＩＬ－４ 可促进ｓＩＣＡＭ－１ 表达及ＩｇＥ分泌,并可抑制ＩＦＮγ的分泌,因此在支气管哮喘发病中起重要作用。     

哮喘患者外周血单个核细胞中白细胞介素—6mRNA表达与气道炎症的 …

目的 探讨外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中白细胞介素（ＩＬ）－６ｍＲＮＡ表达与血嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）和１秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值（ＦＥＶ１％）的关系。方法 对１２例过敏性哮喘发作期患者、８例缓解期患者及９例健康人，采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法和图像分析半定量法检测ＰＢＭＣ中ＩＬ－６ｍＲＮＡ的表达水平及ＥＣＰ和ＦＥＶ１％。结果 发作期患者ＩＬ－６ｍＲＮＡ的表达明显高于缓解期患者和健康人（Ｐ〈０．０     

血清嗜酸性细胞阳离子蛋白与可溶性白细胞介素Ⅱ受体在支气管哮喘中的应用

目的 研究ＥＣＰ与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ在哮喘病中的致病机制和关系。方法 采用酶免疫荧光法和ＢＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别测定３０例健康者,６１例重症支气管哮喘患者的血清ＥＣＰ和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ值,并追踪测试３７例患者治疗后血清ＥＣＰ和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平。结果 急性期患者血清ＥＣＰ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ含量均明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,治疗后二者水平明显下降,较治疗前非常显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论 ＥＣＰ是促进气道炎症     

Effects of functional and surgical castration of white leghorn cockerels, and replacement therapy, on food intake, obesity, reproductive traits, and certain components of blood, liver, muscle, and bone

Basal hypothalamic bilateral electrolytic lesions were placed in White Leghorn cockerels causing functional castration and obesity. Other cockerels were surgically castrated. Determinations were made of the reproductive traits, weight of abdominal adipose tissues, weight and fat content of livers, fat in muscles and bones, hematocrits, plasma calcium, triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipid phosphorus before and after injections of chicken pituitaries (CP) into cocks bearing hypothalamic lesions (HL), and before and after injections of testosterone propionate (TP) into surgically castrated (SC) cocks. Treatment of HL cocks with CP partially restored reproductive behavior, but abdominal massage produced only seminal fluid without spermatozoa. The weight of the abdominal adipose tissue was used as a measure of adiposity since it varies directly with total body fat. Adiposity in HL cocks was 2.5 times greater than that of SC cocks. Injections of CP into HL cocks reduced adiposity by 60%. In contrast, injections of TP into SC cocks reduced body fat to normal. Injections with CP into HL cocks reduced moderately the weights of the hypertrophied fatty livers and reduced fat content toward normal, but livers remained abnormal. In surgically castrated cocks, livers remained normal. Functional or surgical castration depressed blood hematocrit values. Injections with TP restored hematocrit values in SC cocks. In contrast, injections of CP into HL cocks were virtually without effect upon the depressed hematocrit values.     

Levels of Dihydrotestosterone, Testosterone, Androstenedione, and Estradiol in Canalicular, Saccular, and Alveolar Mouse Lungs

Androgens and estrogens are known regulators of fetal and postnatal lung development, but their levels in the developing lung have never been determined. We present here, for the first time, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) quantification of dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, androstenedione, and estradiol in canalicular, saccular, and alveolar stage lungs of both sexes. Testosterone, androstenedione, and estradiol were observed in all the analyzed lung samples from gestation day (GD) 16.5 to postnatal day (PN) 30, totalizing 383 individual mice. Levels of these three steroids decreased between birth and PN 5. In contrast, dihydrotestosterone was detected only in male samples on GD 19.5, PN 0, and PN 30. A significant sex difference was observed for testosterone and androstenedione but not for estradiol. Steroid levels were also determined in skinned hind legs for comparison. Three-way analysis of variance revealed that tissue (lung or leg) had a significant effect on testosterone levels for both sexes, but not on androstenedione and estradiol levels. Low but significant testosterone and androstenedione levels were observed in all the females and in prepubertal male samples. These levels must be sufficient to induce androgen receptor activation, as suggested by our recent report showing the presence of androgen receptor in the nucleus of several lung cells in corresponding developmental ages and sexes.     

Comparative evaluation of FGF-2-, VEGF-A-, and VEGF-C-induced angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, vascular fenestrations, and permeability

Several endothelial growth factors induce both blood and lymphatic angiogenesis. However, a systematic comparative study of the impact of these factors on vascular morphology and function has been lacking. In this study, we report a quantitative analysis of the structure and macromolecular permeability of FGF-2-, VEGF-A-, and VEGF-C-induced blood and lymphatic vessels. Our results show that VEGF-A stimulated formation of disorganized, nascent vasculatures as a result of fusion of blood capillaries into premature plexuses with only a few lymphatic vessels. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that VEGF-A-induced blood vessels contained high numbers of endothelial fenestrations that mediated high permeability to ferritin, whereas the FGF-2-induced blood vessels lacked vascular fenestrations and showed only little leakage of ferritin. VEGF-C induced approximately equal amounts of blood and lymphatic capillaries with endothelial fenestrations present only on blood capillaries, mediating a medium level of ferritin leakage into the perivascular space. No endothelial fenestrations were found in FGF-2-, VEGF-A-, or VEGF-C-induced lymphatic vessels. These findings highlight the structural and functional differences between blood and lymphatic vessels induced by FGF-2, VEGF-A, and VEGF-C. Such information is important to consider in development of novel therapeutic strategies using these angiogenic factors.     

Prevalence,Self-Awareness,Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in Lhasa,Tibet

To investigate the prevalence, self-awareness, and treatment of hypertension in Lhasa, Tibet, a total of 1370 native Tibetan aged ≥18 years were selected, using stratified proportional sampling. The study showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 51.2%, significantly higher in men (56.0%) than in women (48.0%) (P = .004). The hypertension prevalence increased with increasing age (77.8% in 60–74 y and 82.5% in ≥75 y groups) and was higher in urban, suburban, or agricultural area than in pastoral area (P < .001). The self-awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension were 63.5%, 24.3% and 7.7%, respectively. In multivariable regression analysis, age, urban residence, amount of daily intake of fat and oil, and body mass index <18.5 kg/m² were independently associated with hypertension. In conclusion, hypertension was highly prevalent among native Tibetan people in Lhasa, and the rates of self-awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were low.     

Race,ethnicity, and the risk of sudden death,

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major cause of death worldwide, with an estimated U.S. annual incidence of 350,000 [1]. This review will examine the influence of race and ethnicity on SCD burden and risk factors, and review the available literature on resuscitation outcomes and primary prevention of SCD. An improved understanding of associations between race, ethnicity, and SCD may provide clues to mechanisms, lead to improved prevention of SCD, and ultimately reduce racial and ethnic disparities in the burden of SCD.