石蜡疗法在小儿面神经麻痹康复中的应用

目的观察石蜡疗法对小儿面神经麻痹的临床疗效。方法将41例小儿面神经麻痹患者随机分为蜡疗组(22例)和对照组(19例),对照组常规治疗,蜡疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用蜡疗,观察3个疗程,对治疗结果进行比较分析。结果蜡疗组治愈率明显高于对照组,且治愈时间明显短于对照组。结论石蜡疗法在小儿面神经麻痹康复治疗中有明显疗效,有助于提高治愈率、缩短治愈时间。     

通心络与脑心通预防性治疗偏头痛的临床疗效

目的 比较通心络和脑心通在预防性治疗偏头痛时的临床疗效。方法 选择2013年11月～2015 年11月在本院接受诊治的偏头痛患者86 例,对照组给予盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊,通心络组给予通心络胶囊,脑心通组给予脑心通胶囊; 3组患者均以4 周为1 个治疗疗程,治疗2 个疗程后观察疗效和不良反应; 疗效采用积分表示,主要观察指标有头痛发作次数、程度、持续时间和伴随症状。结果 通心络组的总有效率为93.1%,痊愈17例; 脑心通组的总有效率为89.7%,痊愈11例; 对照组的总有效率为75.0%,治愈 6例。3组总有效率无明显差异(P>0.05),但无论是通心络还是脑心通,其治愈率均显著优于对照组(P<0.05),而通心络的治愈率优于脑心通(P<0.05)。结论 与脑心通比较,通心络胶囊可以更好地预防性治疗偏头痛,提高治愈率。     

通心络胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死的疗效。方法急性脑梗死患者150例随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组常规治疗给予银杏叶注射液、肠溶阿司匹林等,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加服通心络胶囊,评估2组治疗后15d,30d和90d的疗效。结果治疗组神经功能缺损程度的恢复和生活自理能力明显好于对照组,统计学处理P<0.05。结论通心络胶囊治疗急性脑梗死效果较好,应用越早,疗效越好。     

通心络胶囊在脑梗死患者中的临床应用

目的观察通心络胶囊治疗脑梗死的临床疗效,探讨其药理作用及安全性。方法将我院112例脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组在常规治疗基础上加用维脑路通胶囊,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用通心络胶囊,比较治疗前后2组的疗效、肢体功能康复及认知功能。结果治疗组的总有效率明显优于对照组,治疗后肢体功能康复、认知功能评分也明显优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通心络胶囊治疗脑梗死安全,疗效可靠,对轻型、中型患者的疗效较为理想,在脑梗死防治中具有广阔应用前景。     

不同类固醇激素应用方式治疗小儿面神经麻痹的临床研究

目的探讨不同肾上腺皮质激素应用方式治疗儿童面神经麻痹的临床效果差异。方法将50例面神经麻痹患儿随机分为2组,一组给予大剂量甲基强的松龙静脉冲击治疗,另一组给予常规强的松口服治疗作为对照,比较2组患儿治疗后恢复时间、治愈率及不良反应情况。结果治疗组患儿平均恢复时间（14.08±5.9）d,而对照组为（19.48±8.32）d,治疗2周后治疗组患儿治愈率68%,而对照组为40%,两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。结论大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗儿童面神经麻痹效果明显,症状改善迅速,未见不良反应增加。     

通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸含量的影响

目的 探讨通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的影响及其治疗作用机制,分析达到预防脑梗死复发效果所需强化治疗的最短时间.方法 选取经临床和CT/MRI确诊的发病72 h内的急性脑梗死患者70例,采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组.2组患者均给予常规治疗,包括阿司匹林片11服,每次100mg,每天1次.治疗组加用通心络胶囊口服,每次4粒,每天3次,连服60d.全部患者于发病72 h内及治疗30、60 d时测定血浆LPA含量.观察通心络胶囊对脑梗步匕患者血浆LPA含量变化的影响,并随访2个月内腩梗死的复发率.结果 2组患者治疗后较治疗前血浆LPA含量均明显降低,治疗组更为明显.治疗30 d时血浆LPA含量则已降至正常,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗组治疗60 d内脑梗死复发率较对照组明显降低,差异有统汁学意义(P<0.05).结论 通心络胶囊可以显著降低脑梗死患者血浆LPA含量,与阿司匹林合用可能有较好的预防脑梗死复发的效果.建议急性脑梗死发病后的强化治疗时间不少于1个月.     

通心络胶囊在脑梗死患者中的临床应用

目的观察通心络胶囊治疗脑梗死的临床疗效，探讨其药理作用及安全性。方法将我院112例脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，对照组在常规治疗基础上加用维脑路通胶囊，治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用通心络胶囊，比较治疗前后2组的疗效、肢体功能康复及认知功能。结果治疗组的总有效率明显优于对照组，治疗后肢体功能康复、认知功能评分也明显优于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论通心络胶囊治疗脑梗死安全，疗效可靠，对轻型、中型患者的疗效较为理想，在脑梗死防治中具有广阔应用前景。     

通心络胶囊治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的疗效观察

目的 探讨通心络胶囊对椎基底动脉供血不足治疗效果.方法 确诊的椎基底动脉供血不足病人分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组36例,采用复方丹参注射液250ml静滴,1次/d,15d为一个疗程;加用石家庄以岭药业股份有限公司生产的通心络胶囊,0.76g,口服,每日3次,连续服用15d.对照组36例,给予复方丹参注射液,250ml静滴,1次/d,15d为一个疗程.2组均间歇5d给予第2个疗程.结果 治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后2组血液流变学有显著差异性(P＜0.05).结论 通心络胶囊治疗椎基底动脉供血不足疗效显著,能降低全血和血浆粘度、降低血小板聚集、降纤抗凝、明显改善血液动力学.     

通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者全血粘度及纤维蛋白原变化的影响

目的　观察通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者全血粘度及血浆纤维蛋白原含量的影响 ,以分析其作用机制。方法　将 72例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组 :治疗组 (通心络胶囊 +常规药物治疗组 ) 37例 ,对照组 (常规药物对照组 ) 35例。观察两组患者治疗前后全血粘度、纤维蛋白原含量的变化。结果　治疗组治疗前后全血粘度和纤维蛋白原含量明显下降 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　通心络胶囊可以降低急性脑梗死患者全血粘度和纤维蛋白原含量 ,起到抗凝、降粘作用。     

通心络胶囊治疗急性脑梗死56例疗效观察

目的 观察通心络胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 将112例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各56例,在常规治疗的基础上,治疗组加服通心络胶囊,每次3粒,每日3次。结果 治疗2周后进行神经功能缺损评分及疗效判定,治疗组与对照组相比有显著性差异。结论 通心络胶囊治疗急性脑梗死疗效确切,安全有效,无不良反应。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.