人成熟卵母细胞冻融的研究

目的 探讨冷冻保护剂中不同蔗糖浓度对人成熟卵母细胞冻融的影响.方法 根据冷冻液中蔗糖浓度的不同,将收集到的人成熟卵母细胞分为0.1 mol/L组、0.2 mol/L组、0.3 mol/L组,分别采用程序化慢冻-快融法,比较三组人成熟卵母细胞复苏后的存活情况及其行单精子卵泡浆内注射(ICSI)后受精率、卵裂率和优质胚胎形成率.结果 0.1 mol/L组、0.2 mol/L组、0.3 mol/L组解冻后的存活率分别为23.1%,40.8%,59.4%,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎形成率三组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 提高蔗糖浓度能明显提高人成熟卵母细胞解冻的存活率.     

解冻液I温度设定的不同对小鼠卵母细胞玻璃化冻融效果的影响

『』 目的 探讨预热至37℃的解冻液I和预热至室温(22℃)的解冻液I对小鼠卵母细胞玻璃化冻融效果的影响。 方法 对6周龄昆明系雌鼠进行促排卵,脱去颗粒细胞后选取形态良好的MII期卵母细胞,用含不同浓度DMSO+EG的磷酸盐缓冲液(5%DMSO+5%EG,10%DMSO+10%EG,20%DMSO+20%EG+30%蔗糖)对其进行玻璃化冷冻,储存2天后对小鼠卵子进行解冻复温。将卵子随机分为2组,一组投入预热至37℃的解冻液I(含30%蔗糖的磷酸盐溶液),另一组投入预热至室温(22℃)的相同浓度的解冻液I中,再分别移至预热至室温(22℃)的解冻液II,III和IV(含20%,10%,5%蔗糖的磷酸盐溶液),随后对两组卵母细胞的复苏率进行统计比较。 结果 共计对119枚小鼠卵子进行玻璃化冻融,其中61枚置于预热至37℃的解冻液I,有52枚存活良好,复苏率为82.25%(52/61),其余58枚置于预热至室温(22℃)的解冻液I进行解冻,有23枚存活良好,复苏率为39.66%(23/58),37℃组的复苏率显著高于室温(22℃)组(P<0.01)。 结论 虽然降低平衡时的温度可以减少高浓度玻璃化冷冻保护剂对卵子的毒性作用,但较快的升温速度可以帮助卵子快速通过-120℃～-35℃的危险阶段,而37℃的解冻液I环境较之室温(22℃)能更好的加速这一过程,避免重结晶对细胞的致命损伤。     

一种改良的二甲基亚硝胺肝纤维化模型诱导方法及其病理特点

目的采用不同的抗冷冻液对实验兔桑椹胚的超低温保存进行探索,以达到经济、有效保存实验兔资源的目的。方法选取三个方案进行实验。方案一:采用改良的EFS40(40%乙二醇 180ppm聚蔗糖(w/v) 0.3mol/L蔗糖PB1溶液)溶液mEFS40作为冷冻保护液,胚胎先在mEFS20溶液中平衡2min,然后移入mEFS40中平衡1min,再移入麦管中,麦管在液氮表面预冷却2min后投入液氮中保存。方案二:将冷冻液和平衡液分别替换为EFS40和EFS20,冷冻步骤同方案一。方案三:使用EFS40溶液作为抗冷冻液和平衡液,胚胎在EFS40中冲洗三遍,移入麦管中后将麦管投入液氮中冷冻保存。冷冻胚胎的复苏均采用25℃水浴加温,然后将胚胎置于0.5mol/L的蔗糖溶液中平衡,再转入PB1溶液中进行培养。结果三个不同方案的冷冻胚胎的复苏率分别为17.1%、69.6%和36.1%。结论采用EFS40作为冷冻保护液和EFS20作为平衡液(方案二)可有效保存实验兔胚胎。     

猪卵母细胞OPS玻璃化冷冻保存的研究

猪卵母细胞由于脂肪含量高,对低温敏感,相较其他动物卵母细胞的冷冻保存更加困难,因此在种质的保护保存、胚胎工程研究产生极大的阻碍。本试验研究了猪卵母细胞的OPS玻璃化冷冻保存方法,研究乙二醇、甘油和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为冷冻保护剂,对比不同的浓度梯度和两种冷冻保护剂联合使用对冷冻效果的影响。研究未经体外成熟培养和不同时间体外成熟培养的猪卵母细胞的冷冻保存效果。对比改良优化的OPS玻璃化冷冻方法和传统的程序化冷冻方法的保存效果。实验表明,体外成熟12h(GV期)的猪卵母细胞用乙二醇添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)进行玻璃化冷冻,解冻后体外成熟率、细胞的形态正常率与未经体外成熟的的卵母细胞相比差异显著,与成熟48h(MII期)卵母细胞相比差异不显著。但卵裂率和桑椹胚囊胚率体外成熟12h(GV期)的猪卵母细胞用乙二醇添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为冷的保护剂组要好于其他组。     

OPS两步法玻璃化冷冻小鼠8-细胞胚胎生存发育率的研究

目的为实验动物、家畜和人类胚胎的冷冻保存探索简易、高效的玻璃化冷冻程序。方法以小鼠8-细胞胚胎为材料,在25℃室温和37℃恒温台条件下,利用玻璃化冷冻溶液EDFS30, 对小鼠8-细胞胚胎进行玻璃化冷冻保存,解冻后培养60 h后的囊胚发育率为其体外发育能力的考核指标,同时对解冻后培养1-3 h的胚胎进行移植以判定其体内发育潜力。OPS(Open-pulled straw)两步法冷冻保存,即胚胎首先移入预处理液(10％EG 10％DMSO)中平衡30 s,再移入玻璃化溶液中吸入OPS平衡15、25、35、45和60 s连同胚胎直接投入液氮中冷冻保存。结果小鼠胚胎8-细胞冷冻后囊胚发育率最佳组高达95．6％,与对照组(96．8％)差异无统计学意义(P> 0．05)。利用最佳冷冻组获得的165枚胚胎移植于11只假孕63-67 h的受体母鼠,结果有4只妊娠,产仔23只,妊娠产仔率为38．3％(23/60),与对照组37．9％(22/58)差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论 EDFS33为玻璃化冷冻液,OPS两步法能有效地冷冻保存小鼠8-细胞胚胎。     

不同浓度雷帕霉素对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟及发育潜能的影响

目的 探究不同浓度雷帕霉素对小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟(in vitro maturation, IVM)结局的影响及其在最佳浓度下对卵母细胞质量产生的具体效应。方法 收集雌性ICR小鼠的未成熟卵母细胞(GV期)进行IVM,在培养液中添加不同浓度的雷帕霉素(1 nmol/L～10μmol/L),通过比较成熟率和激活率,筛选最佳作用浓度。随后,在处理组的培养液中加入最佳浓度的雷帕霉素,对处理组与对照组中IVM卵母细胞的激活后发育情况、纺锤体组装、染色体排列情况进行比较。结果 10 nmol/L雷帕霉素培养组的卵母细胞在IVM后呈现出较高的成熟率[(84.5±1.6)%]和激活率[(62.4±1.5)%],故选择10 nmol/L作为添加雷帕霉素的最佳浓度。在随后的培养中,10 nmol/L雷帕霉素组激活胚胎的卵裂率和囊胚形成率也较对照组显著升高[卵裂率：(54.9±2.6)%vs.(41.9±2.1)%,P=0.0178;囊胚形成率：(12.5±1.6)%vs.(6.4±1.4)%,P=0.0441]。此外,与对照组相比,10 nmol/L雷帕霉素组的成熟卵母细胞染色体排列异常率降低[染色体异...     

蔗糖浓度对GV和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞纺锤体结构的影响

目的 探讨蔗糖浓度对GV期和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞纺锤体质量的影响.方法 运用纺锤丝观测仪(PolScope)、免疫荧光标记技术和激光共聚焦显微镜.对不同蔗糖浓度(0.1-0.6 mol/L)下GV期和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞体外成熟后的纺锤体分别进行检测,以未冷冻处理的卵母细胞作为对照组.结果 与对照组比较,冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的排列明显受到影响.蔗糖浓度为0.3 mol/L时,GV期冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率最高(P＜0.05);蔗糖浓度为0.5 moL/L时,MⅡ期冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率最高(P＜0.05);当蔗糖浓度继续升高时,冻融组GV期和MⅡ期卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率则显著下降(P＜0.05).冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率,MⅡ期显著高于GV期(P＜0.05).结论 一定浓度范围的蔗糖可提高冻融卵母细胞纺锤体正常率;MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞的渗透耐受性及其在渗透耐受范围内的冷冻效率均高于GV期卵母细胞.     

蔗糖浓度对GV和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞纺锤体结构的影响

目的 探讨蔗糖浓度对GV期和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞纺锤体质量的影响.方法 运用纺锤丝观测仪(PolScope)、免疫荧光标记技术和激光共聚焦显微镜.对不同蔗糖浓度(0.1-0.6 mol/L)下GV期和MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞体外成熟后的纺锤体分别进行检测,以未冷冻处理的卵母细胞作为对照组.结果 与对照组比较,冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的排列明显受到影响.蔗糖浓度为0.3 mol/L时,GV期冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率最高(P＜0.05);蔗糖浓度为0.5 moL/L时,MⅡ期冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率最高(P＜0.05);当蔗糖浓度继续升高时,冻融组GV期和MⅡ期卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率则显著下降(P＜0.05).冻融组卵母细胞纺锤体的正常率,MⅡ期显著高于GV期(P＜0.05).结论 一定浓度范围的蔗糖可提高冻融卵母细胞纺锤体正常率;MⅡ期冻融卵母细胞的渗透耐受性及其在渗透耐受范围内的冷冻效率均高于GV期卵母细胞.     

小鼠原核胚玻璃化冷冻保存技术的研究

目的　原核胚是转基因等生物技术所必需的主要材料 ,其冷冻保存使操作不受时间和空间的限制。另外 ,冷冻保存还可以避免体外培养过程中的细胞发育阻断期。方法　在室温 (2 0℃或 2 5℃ )条件下 ,以乙二醇、DMSO为主体抗冻保护剂配制成的玻璃化溶液 (EFS、EDT、EDFS) ,不借助冷冻仪 ,对小鼠原核胚进行一步法和二步法玻璃化冷冻保存。结果　 2 0℃室温条件下 ,用EDFS4 0平衡 1min一步法冷冻解冻后的原核胚 ,经培养后囊胚发育率最高仅为 4 7% ,与新鲜原核体外培养的对照组 (75 % )的差异极显著 (P <0 0 1) ;当原核在 10 %E +10 %D溶液中预处理 5min ,移入EDFS30中平衡 30s二步法冷冻保存 ,解冻后的囊胚发育率达 6 8%。而室温升至 2 5℃ ,二步法冷冻保存后原核胚的囊胚发育率高达 77% ,与对照组差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。用最佳冷冻组的原核胚或解冻后培养到囊胚移植给受体母鼠均获得产仔。结论　本研究对小鼠原核胚实施玻璃化冷冻保存 ,经体外培养和移植结果与对照组无显著性差异 ,证明了本方法的可行性     

小鼠卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻的研究

目的　对小鼠卵母细胞玻璃化的方法和冷冻液进行研究。方法　用两种玻璃化冷冻液EFS4 0 (高钠 )、DEFS4 0 (低钠 )对ICR、C57BL 6J小鼠卵母细胞进行冷冻 ,0 5mol L蔗糖液解冻 ,体外授精前对部分解冻后的C57BL 6J小鼠卵母细胞进行透明带切割。结果　DEFS4 0冷冻液冷冻效果明显高于EFS4 0冷冻液 ,ICR小鼠卵母细胞解冻后成活率达 75 2 %、体外授精率 (2 4 6 % )与对照组相比差异无显著性 ,C57BL 6J小鼠卵母细胞解冻后成活率为 87 1%、卵母细胞切割后体外受精率 (36 0 % )与对照组相比差异也无显著性。结论　冷冻液中钠离子浓度影响小鼠卵母细胞冷冻效果 ,用DEFS4 0 (低钠 )冷冻液进行玻璃化冷冻可以取得理想的冷冻效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.