Expressions of STAT3 and SMAD4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas

目的 探讨食管鳞癌组织中信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)、胰腺癌缺失因子4(SMAD4)的表达及其临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化技术检测60例食管鳞癌组织(A组)、28例食管上皮内瘤变组织(B组)和20例食管鳞癌癌旁组织(C组)中STAT3和SMAD4的表达情况.结果 A组STAT3的阳性表达率高于C组(P＜0.05).STAT3的表达与食管鳞癌病理分级呈正相关(P＜0.05).A组和B组SMAD4的阳性表达率低于C组(P＜0.05).SMAD4的表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 联合检测STAT3和SMAD4的表达对判断食管鳞癌的预后有一定的指导意义.     

CD44v6 E-cad表达与早期宫颈鳞癌淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究CD44v6与E-钙黏附素(E-cad)在早期宫颈鳞癌中的表达,探讨其在淋巴结转移中的作用及临床意义。方法采用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)与免疫组织化学法对21例正常宫颈上皮、63例无淋巴结转移宫颈鳞癌、23例有淋巴结转移宫颈鳞癌标本中CD44v6、E-cad的mRNA和蛋白表达进行检测。结果宫颈鳞癌组织中CD44v6mRNA的表达高,而在正常宫颈几乎不表达;E-cad的mRNA在正常宫颈组织表达高而在宫颈鳞癌表达低,有淋巴结转移和无淋巴结转移的宫颈鳞癌组织差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD44v6蛋白在宫颈鳞癌表达增高而E-cad蛋白表达降低,且在有转移和无转移的宫颈鳞癌组织中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且CD44v6和E-cad的表达与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05)。结论CD44v6、E-cad通过改变早期宫颈鳞癌细胞的黏附力而分别发挥了促进和抑制宫颈鳞癌淋巴结转移的作用,可作为评估预后的生物学指标。     

Ezrin和CD44v6在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨Ezrin和CD44v6在膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中表达的意义及相互关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测76例膀胱尿路上皮癌组织及20例癌旁组织中Ezrin和CD44v6的表达水平,并分析CD44v6和Ezrin的表达与临床病理特征的关系.结果 膀胱尿路上皮癌组织Ezrin和CD44v6的阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁组织(P＜0.05).膀胱尿路上皮癌组织CD44v6、Ezrin表达的平均光密度和阳性面积率明显高于癌旁组织(P＜0.05).膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中CD44v6和Ezrin的表达水平与肿瘤的病理分级及临床分期有相关性(P＜0.05),CD44v6和Ezrin的表达水平有明显相关性(P＜0.05).结论 膀胱尿路上皮癌组织中Ezrin和CD44v6都呈高表达,两者在膀胱尿路上皮癌的发生和发展过程中发挥着重要作用.     

CD_(44)v_6和E-cad在舌鳞癌中的表达差异及意义

目的研究舌鳞癌组织中CD44v6和E-cad的表达差异,评价其临床意义。方法免疫组化SP法检测60例舌鳞癌组织中CD44v6和E-cad的表达,应用统计软件分析数据。结果 CD44v6与临床分期及颈淋巴转移呈正相关,E-cad与临床分期及颈淋巴转移呈负相关。CD44v6与E-cad表达量呈负相关关系。结论 CD44v6与E-cad在舌鳞癌组织中表达差异存在统计学意义,两者可能存在相互作用,共同在舌鳞癌的发生发展,侵袭转移过程中起作用。     

宫颈癌中Ezrin和CD44-V6的表达及其相关性

目的 探讨Ezrin和CD44-V6在官颈癌中的表达及相关性.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测了30例宫颈癌(A组)、20例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅲ(B组)、10例正常宫颈组织中(C组)Ezrin和CD14-V6的表达,将两者分别与患者的临床病理参数进行统计学分析并评估两者的相关性.结果 Ezrin和CD44-V6阳性表达率:A组＞B组＞C组(P＜O.01).宫颈癌中Ezrom和CD44-V6表达呈正相关(P＜O.05).结论 Ezrin和CD44-V6在宫颈癌中的高表达与宫颈癌的侵袭性行为有关,可作为判断早期宫颈癌预后的指标.     

CD44v6在口腔鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的观察CD44拼接变异体6（CD44 splice variant 6,CD44v6）在口腔鳞癌中的表达并探讨其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测50例口腔鳞癌组织和10例正常口腔粘膜组织中CD44v6的表达,并根据患者的病理特征分析CD44v6的表达情况,探讨CD44v6的表达与患者临床病理特征之间的关系。结果口腔鳞癌组织中CD44v6的阳性表达率为68.00%,显著高于正常粘膜组织中CD44v6的阳性表达率（20.00%）;CD44v6蛋白的阳性表达与肿瘤对邻近组织的浸润深浅程度和组织学分级显著相关（P〈0.05）,但与患者的年龄和肿瘤的原发部位无关。结论 CD44v6的表达上调可能在口腔鳞癌的浸润过程中发挥重要作用。     

HMGB1和MMP-9在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化EnVision法检测食管鳞癌组织(A组,87例)和癌旁正常黏膜组织(B组,40例)中HMGB1和MMP-9的表达.结果 A组HMGB1和MMP-9阳性表达率均高于B组(69.0％ vs.22.5％和62.1％ vs.12.5％)(P＜0.05).A组HMGB1和MMP-9阳性表达与肿瘤浸润深度、TNM分期有关(P＜0.05).A组HMGB1和MMP-9表达呈正相关(rs =0.295,P＜0.01).结论 联合检测食管鳞癌组织中HMGB1和MMP-9蛋白表达可能有助于评估食管鳞癌的恶性程度.     

食管癌组织中ERK与VEGF-C、CD44v6表达的相关性研究

目的 研究ERK、VEGF-C、CD44v6在食管癌组织中的表达,探讨与食管癌转移的相关性.方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测正常食管组织20例与食管癌组织50例中ERK、VEGF-C、CD44v6的表达,分析与临床病理特征的相关性.结果 食管组织中ERK、VEGF-C、CD44v6表达阳性率分别是54%、74%、78%,显著高于正常食管组织阳性率10.5%、21.1%、15.7%(P<0.01);ERK、VEGF-C、CD44v6与性别、年龄、临床病理分期无关(P>0.05),而与有无淋巴结转移转移有关(P<0.05);ERK与VEGF-C,CD44v6呈正相关(r=0.627,P<0.05;r=0.653,P<0.05).结论 ERK、VEGF-C、CD44v6与食管癌的转移有关,并且 ERK 参与了对VEGF-C,CD44v6表达的调控.     

Paxillin和CD44v6在食管癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨食管鳞癌和癌旁组织中Paxillin和CD44v6的表达水平与食管癌侵袭转移的关系.方法采用免疫组化方法检测正常食管上皮组织和食管原发癌组织及癌旁组织Paxillin和CD44v6表达水平.结果癌组织和癌旁1 cm组织中Paxillin和CD44v6表达阳性率均明显高于正常食管上皮组织(P＜0.01);距离原发癌组织越远,Paxillin和CD44v6阳性表达率呈减少趋势;Paxillin和CD44v6表达呈正相关.结论Paxillin和CD44v6在食管癌的恶性转化和侵袭转移过程中起重要作用.     

桩蛋白和CD44v6在食管鳞癌及癌旁组织中的表达

目的 探讨食管鳞癌和癌旁组织中桩蛋白和CD44v6的表达及其与食管癌发生、发展的关系.方法 采用免疫组化方法检测了正常食管上皮组织和食管鳞癌手术切除标本的癌组织,癌旁1、3和5 cm组织中桩蛋白和CD44v6表达水平.结果 癌组织和癌旁1 cm组织中桩蛋白和CD44v6表达阳性率均明显高于正常食管上皮组织 (P＜0.01),癌组织和癌旁1 cm组织中桩蛋白和CD44v6表达率无显著性差异;距离原发癌组织越远,桩蛋白和CD44v6阳性表达率呈减少趋势;桩蛋白和CD44v6表达两者无相关性.结论 桩蛋白和CD44v6在食管癌组织和癌旁组织中呈高表达,提示其在食管癌的浸润和转移过程中起重要作用.     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.