临床药师开展药学服务工作的实践与体会

临床药师的基本职能是“参与临床药物治疗，研究与实践药品的合理使用，提高临床药物治疗水平，与临床医生共同对病人的药物治疗负责，保证病人不受与用药有关的伤害，提高医疗质量，提升病人的生活质量”。安徽省铜陵市人民医院1990年就在药剂科建立临床药学室，积极开展临床药学服务工作。目前临床药学室有副主任药师2名，主管药师3名，药师1名，负责为医护人员及病人提供药学服务，解释用药疑问，参与指导临床合理用药。     

现阶段临床药学工作的实践与思考

自我国开展临床药学工作20多年来，药师的职责发生了重大变化，由以往的关注药物转为直接面向病人，药师的地位也变得更加重要。深圳市人民医院药学部于20世纪90年代初成立了临床药学研究室，现有专职临床药师8名，负责为病人和医护人员提供药学服务，指导临床合理用药。与国内其他许多医院一样，本院的临床药学工作也刚刚起步，尚未完全发展到以病人为中心的药学服务阶段。作者总结了自己近年来在临床药学工作中的经验，并对其发展提出了一些思考。     

开展临床药学服务的实践和体会

目的：对我院开展临床药学服务工作进行回顾性总结，所取得成果和经验供同行参考。方法：对工作中收集到的具体实例进行分析。结果：临床药学服务取得了一定成绩，但与发达国家相比，还处在一个初级起步阶段，需不断努力提高。结论：开展临床药学服务是医院药学的发展方向，也是医、患双方的需要。     

上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院药学信息服务的开展

随着医院药师药学服务意识的增强，药学信息已成为医院药学发展的必然趋势和医院药学现代化的重要标志。如何获取、整理以及传播最新最快的医学与药学信息，已成为医院药学服务工作的重要内容。我国许多三级甲等医院和部分发达城市的中心医院逐步开始尝试开展药学信息服务。在信息服务观念的培养、设备的配置和人才建设等方面做了部分工作，但还有大部分医院的药学信息服务停滞不前，尚未意识到药学信息服务的重要性。随着人们物质生活水平的不断提高，健康意识的不断增强，“以人为本”、“以病人为中心”的医疗服务理念的不断深入人心，药学信息服务一定会得到越来越多人的关注。作就上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院药学信息服务的开展情况做一介绍。     

在神经内科开展药学服务工作的实践与体会

随着医院药学的发展，药学工作由单纯的药品保障供应向以病人为中心的药学服务转变。药学服务是药师应用药学专业知识向公众（包括医务人员、病人及其家属）提供直接的、负责任的、与药物使用有关的服务（包括药物选择、药物使用知识和信息），以提高药物治疗的安全性、有效性与经济性，实现改善和提高病人生活质量的目标。[第一段]     

萍乡市人民医院开展临床药学工作的实践与体会

目的:介绍我院开展临床药学工作的实践与体会。方法:对我院开展临床药学服务的具体内容进行阐述。结果与结论:开展临床药学服务为临床解决了一些实际问题,得到了临床医护人员的认可和欢迎,促进了临床合理用药,也提高了临床药师从事临床药学工作的信心,逐步实现了"以病人为中心"的药学管理工作模式。有必要进一步从培养高水平临床药师、加强沟通和协作、纳入医院规划、确保进入临床时间、建立临床思维方式等方面努力,推进临床药学工作的深入开展。     

基层医院开展临床药学工作的方法初探

2002年1月21日,国家卫生部、国家中医药管理局联合颁布了《医疗机构药事管理暂行规定》,这是建国以来有关医院药学最重要的法规性文件。文件中指出要“以服务病人为中心,以临床药学为基础,以合理用药为核心,提供药学技术服务和相关的药品管理”;“开展以合理用药为核心的临床药     

开展临床药学工作的体会

临床药学工作要以临床实践为基础,充分发挥药学专业技术人员对药动学及药效学理论较专业的优势,运用循证医学的方法,从提供药学基础信息做起,全面、科学地回答临床及患者的各种提问,从而充分发挥临床药师在药物治疗和保健领域的作用。     

我院开展临床药学工作的体会和探索

目的:对两年来临床药学工作进行总结.方法:从临床药师的工作内容、方法、体会和经验进行总结.结果与结论:临床药师工作得到初步认可,工作取得初步成绩.但是临床药师的专业知识尚需进一步提高,以便更好的为病人提供药学服务.     

我院开展临床药学工作的体会

目的介绍我院临床药学工作的开展情况。方法从临床药师参与临床查房,开展处方点评,ADR监测和报告,用药咨询,学术活动,专业培训等方面阐述我院临床药学工作的内容。结果与结论我院临床药学工作目标明确,对临床合理用药起到了一定的促进作用。     

我院开展临床药学工作的实践与体会

临床药学是一门以患者为研究中心，提供安全、有效、合理的药物治疗为目的药学学科。它是医院药学的重要组成部分，是一门药学与医学、社会学、法学、经济学、心理学、教育学、管理学等学科相互交叉、渗透、内容丰富多彩的综合药学学科。这门学科的发展将有力的推动合理用药。因此。它正日益受到重视，结合我院实际情况笔者将开展临床药学工作的体会介绍如下。     

基层医院开展临床药学服务的实践与体会

目的探讨基层医院开展临床药学服务的方法和体会。方法通过用药咨询、处方点评、临床合理用药指导和药物不良反应监测等模式有力推进该院临床药学工作的深入开展。结果通过近年来的实践与摸索,该院的临床药学服务模式已具雏形。结论临床药学服务的开展切实提高了医院的合理用药水平。     

Hospital pharmacy practice in India

The status of pharmacy practice was evaluated at six hospitals in India. Common drugs were available at private hospitals but the pharmacies at government hospitals had fewer than half of the needed drugs. Selection of the best generic drug appeared difficult because the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic data generally were not available. The hospitals did not have formularies. No unit dose and intravenous admixture services had been implemented. The patient profiles were not maintained. The pharmacists did not appear to provide any professional, educational, or clinical services to patients or physicians. Serum concentrations of drugs were not measured for monitoring therapy. A lack of clinical education and training of pharmacists, lower status and salaries in the hospital pharmacy compared with industry and government, and overall limited resources appear to be the important reasons for the present status of pharmacy practice.     

An advanced pharmacy practice experience in sports pharmacy

Objective

To establish and evaluate an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in sports pharmacy.

Design

Students actively participated in a variety of activities for this new 6-week elective APPE, including drug-testing collections, delivering presentations, and providing drug information. Students also learned about assays, compounding, and dispensing medications specifically for athletes, and visited various athletic medical facilities. Student were given written and practical certification examinations for drug-testing collections, and their specimen measurements were compared to those obtained by the testing laboratory for validation; satisfaction surveys were obtained from testing sites; and presentation evaluations were obtained from audience participants.

Assessment

Students were able to accurately measure pH and specific gravity of urine samples and all students passed the certification examination. Students rated the APPE very high. Also, students received high satisfaction ratings on surveys administered to the officials of the schools where they tested and members of the groups to whom they gave presentations.

Conclusion

Students gained experience and insight into the various roles of pharmacists in sports pharmacy and developed confidence in their ability to conduct drug-testing collections.     

Integration of an introductory pharmacy practice experience with an advanced pharmacy practice experience in adult internal medicine

Objective. To describe the development, implementation, and assessment of an internal medicine introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) that was integrated with an existing advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in internal medicine.Design. A structured IPPE was designed for first-, second-, and third-year pharmacy (P1, P2, and P3) students. Activities for the IPPE were based on the established APPE and the individual learner''s educational level.Assessment. Students reported a greater understanding of clinical pharmacists’ roles, increased confidence in their clinical skills, and better preparation for APPEs. Peers viewed the approach as innovative and transferable to other practice settings. Participating faculty members provided a greater number of contact hours compared to traditional one-time site visits.Conclusions. Integrating an IPPE with an existing APPE is an effective and efficient way to provide patient care experiences for students in the P1-P3 years in accordance with accreditation standards.     

循证药学与循证药学临床实践研究

循证药学是遵循最佳科学依据的药学实践过程,而循证药学临床实践的基础是最佳的研究证据、药学临床实践经验和患者的意愿,同时不能脱离具体的临床环境和条件,循证药学临床实践步骤包括提出临床用药问题,检索临床用药问题的最佳研究证据,评价证据的真实性并找出最佳证据,应用当前最佳证据指导临床用药实践和后效评价临床用药实践结果。同时并对药学临床实践进行了示例,还介绍了循证药学的机遇与挑战。     

Hospital clinical pharmacy services in Vietnam

Background Clinical pharmacy is key to the quality use of medicines. While there are different approaches in different countries, international perspectives may inform health service development. The Vietnamese Ministry of Health introduced a legal regulation of clinical pharmacy services in December 2012. Objective To describe the services, and to explore reported barriers and facilitators in implementing clinical pharmacy activities in Vietnamese hospitals after the introduction of Vietnamese Ministry of Health legal regulation. Setting Thirty-nine hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam, including 22 provincial and 17 district hospitals. Method A mixed methods study was utilized. An online questionnaire was sent to the hospitals. In-depth interviews were conducted with pairs of nominated pharmacists at ten of these hospitals. The questionnaire focused on four areas: facilities, workforce, policies and clinical pharmacy activities. Main outcome measure Proportion of clinical pharmacy activities in hospitals. Themes in clinical pharmacy practice. Results 34/39 (87%) hospitals had established clinical pharmacy teams. Most activities were non-patient-specific (87%) while the preliminary patient-specific clinical pharmacy services were available in only 8/39 hospitals (21%). The most common non-patient-specific activities were providing medicines information (97%), reporting adverse drug reactions (97%), monitoring medication usage (97%). The patient specific activities varied widely between hospitals and were ad hoc. The main challenges reported were: lack of workforce and qualified clinical pharmacists. Conclusion While most hospitals had hospital-based pharmacy activities, the direct patient care was limited. Training, education and an expanded work forces are needed to improve clinical pharmacy services.