急性心肌梗死患者早期血浆脑钠素与左室重塑的关系

目的　探讨急性心肌梗死 (AMI)早期血浆脑钠素与左室重塑的关系。方法　 44例AMI患者分为依那普利组及常规治疗组 ,采用放射免疫法测定入院后 14d内血浆脑钠素水平 ;超声心动图测定同期及 3个月左室舒张末容积指数 (LVEDVI)、左室收缩末容积指数 (LVESVI)及左室射血分数 (LVEF)。结果　常规治疗组入院后即刻血浆脑钠素水平较健康对照组明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,5、14d较入院即刻进一步升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。AMI患者 5、14d血浆脑钠素水平与同期及 3个月LVEDVI、LVESVI正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 1)。与常规治疗组相比 ,依那普利组脑钠素与心室容积指数一致性下降。结论　AMI后早期血浆脑钠素升高与左室重塑密切相关。     

同型半胱氨酸、N-末端脑钠肽前体与急性心肌梗死后左心室重构的关系

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死（acute myocardical infarction,AMI）患者同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）、N-末端脑钠肽前体（N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP）浓度对心肌梗死后左心室重构的预测价值及对AMI患者临床预后的影响.方法 选择2009年6月至2011年6月在广州市第一人民医院心内科住院并诊断为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）的患者266例,根据入院后空腹Hcy浓度的三分位数间距将患者分为A组（Hcy＜15.6μmol/L）83例,B组（15.6～24.6 μmol/L）组93例和C组（Hcy＞24.6μmol/L）90例.测定患者入院时即刻NT-proBNP浓度,并于入院48 h内及半年后行超声心动图测定患者左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）、左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）,左心室收缩末期容积（LVESV）,左心室射血分数（LVEF）.动态追踪观察3组患者随访期间内（6个月）的主要心血管事件（MACE）的发生情况.结果 三组患者随Hcy浓度升高,NT-proBNP浓度升高,左心室舒张末期容积和左心室收缩末期容积显著增加,左心室射血分数降低（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）.ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者Hcy与NT-proBNP浓度呈正相关（r=0.380,P＜0.05）.直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗随访6个月,Kaplan-Meier生存分析发现三组患者累积无主要心血管事件生存率比较,差异有统计学意义（91.6％ vs.86.0％ vs.77.8％,Log rank=6.630,P=0.036）.多因素Logistic回归分析显示Hcy、NT-proBNP均是ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者近期主要心血管事件发生的独立预测因子.结论 AMI患者Hcy、NT-proBNP浓度与梗死后心室重构密切相关,Hcy、NT-proBNP对患者的近期预后具有预测意义.     

C-Reactive protein as a risk factor for left ventricular thrombus in patients with acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) has been found to correlate with higher risk for cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It has been suggested that CRP may be involved in initiation process of coagulation; however, the role of CRP level in the formation of left ventricular (LV) thrombus has not been studied. HYPOTHESIS: This study investigated whether CRP is a risk factor for LV thrombus in patients with AMI. METHODS: Clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical data were analyzed in 141 consecutive patients (aged 57 +/- 13 years; 33 women) with first anterior AMI. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed on Days 1, 3, 7, 15, and 30. Blood samples were obtained every day during hospitalization. Serum CRP concentrations were measured by an ultrasensitive immunonephelometry method. RESULTS: Left ventricular thrombus was detected in 33 (23.4%) patients. Univariate analysis showed that patients with LV thrombus had a higher peak creatine kinase (CK) level (2,879 +/- 742 vs. 1,693 +/- 1,210 I/U, p = 0.001), higher peak CRP level (14.9 +/- 7.1 vs. 9.2 +/- 6.8 mg/dl, p = 0.001), higher wall motion score index (1.8 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.3, p = 0.002), higher apical wall motion score index (2.35 +/- 0.72 vs. 2.07 +/- 0.70, p = 0.001), larger end-diastolic volume (145.2 +/- 43.7 vs. 116.5 +/- 44.2 ml, p = 0.002), larger end-systolic volume (85.4 +/- 37.2 vs. 62.9 +/- 31.6 ml, p = 0.003), and lower ejection fraction (42.1 +/- 12 vs. 47.3 +/- 13, p = 0.04). In multivariate analyses, only peak CK level (p = 0.0001), LV apical wall motion score index (p = 0.001), and CRP levels (p = 0.001) were independent predictors of LV thrombus formation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CRP is a risk factor for LV thrombus in patients with AMI.     

螺内酯抑制急性前壁心肌梗死患者的左室重构

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死患者口服螺内酯对于左室重构的影响。方法将急性前壁心肌梗死患者随机分为两组。对照组30例,接受血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、β-受体阻滞剂、抗血小板、调脂药物等常规处理。螺内酯组30例,在常规治疗基础上加用螺内酯（40mg,每日1次）。随访1年,并检测脑钠尿肽（BNP）及超声心动图以评价左室功能和左室容积。结果6和12月时螺内酯组血清BNP水平明显低于对照组[（355±74）ng/Lvs（418±77）ng/L,P<0.05和（316±72）ng/Lvs（389±67）ng/L,P<0.05],且12月时螺内酯组较对照组左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）明显缩小[LVEDD:（49±6）mmvs（53±5）mm,P<0.05;LVESD:（37±5）mmvs（40±4）mm,P<0.05]。结论螺内酯可抑制急性前壁心肌梗死患者左室重构。     

重组人脑利钠肽对急性前壁心肌梗死患者急诊PCI后左心功能的影响

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死患者急诊PCI后在常规抗凝、调脂等药物治疗的基础上静脉泵人重组人脑利钠肽（rhBNP）对左心功能的影响。方法选取我院从2008年1月至2010年12月因急性前壁心肌梗死人院并行急诊PCI的患者共122例,术后随机分为rhBNP组和对照组。两组在急诊PCI后进行抗凝、调脂等药物治疗,rhBNP组在此基础上静脉泵人rhBNP72h。两组患者均在冠状支架置人术后1周、4周和24周进行超声心动图、6min步行试验等检查。结果rhBNP组患者术后1周、4周和24周心功能明显改善,特别是术后24周各项心功能指标与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。结论急性前壁心肌梗死患者急诊PCI后在标准治疗的基础上静脉应用rhBNP对近、远期左心功能改善有明显效果。     

血氨基末端脑钠肽前体对急性心肌梗死远期心功能的评估价值

目的观察血氨基末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）对急性心肌梗死患者的远期预测价值。方法本研究入选了58例发病24h以内ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者。所有病例既往均无明显心功能不全临床表现。于入院即刻、24h及1周测NT-proBNP,高敏C反应蛋白（HS-CRP）,随访1年的病死率、心血管事件住院率及心力衰竭住院率,并于1年后复查超声心动图。结果所有急性心肌梗死患者的NT-proBNP峰值均高于正常,高峰见于入院24h。一年随访中病死率、所有心血管事件住院率和心力衰竭住院率分别为6.9%、20.7%和13.8%。死亡病例、所有心血管事件住院病例和因心力衰竭住院病例研究入组时的NT-proBNP峰值均高于其余病例。发生心血管事件病例研究入组时的HS-CRP峰值也高于其余病例,但仅在死亡病例中有统计学意义。在急性心肌梗死病例中,研究入组时的血NT-proBNP峰值与1年后的左室射血分数值（r=0.383,P=0.003）及左室舒张末期直径（r=0.280,P=0.035）呈线性相关关系。结论高NT-proBNP的急性心肌梗死患者容易再发急性心血管事件,并且与远期心力衰竭的发生密切相关。     

肝细胞生长因子对急性心肌梗死后左室重构的预测作用

目的: 探讨血清肝细胞生成因子(HGF)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)后早期左室重构的预测价值。方法: 36例AMI患者入院时及发病7 d测定血清HGF水平;AMI其中的26例分别于发病后7~10 d及发病后3个月行超声心动图检查,3个月时左室舒张末期容积指数（LVEDVI）与7~10 d时比增加≥5 ml/m2定义为左室重构组(n=11),对两组血清HGF值进行比较。结果: AMI患者入院时血清HGF浓度较对照组明显升高［(809±288)ng/L vs.(620±162)ng/L,P<0.01］,7 d时升高更显著［(1 607±1 355)ng/L,P<0.01］。发病7 d时血清HGF浓度在左室重构组较非左室重构组升高［(2 216±1 522)ng/L vs.(1 176±593)ng/L,P<0.05］,而入院时两组浓度则无显著差异。结论: AMI时血清HGF浓度升高,AMI后7 d时增高的血清HGF可能预示心室重构。     

急性心肌梗死后择期冠脉介入治疗对左室重构和心功能的影响

目的探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）后择期经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗对左心室重构和心功能的影响。方法112例AMI患者,分为PCI组和药物治疗组,PCI组于发病后1～2周内行PCI治疗,所有患者于发病后1～2周时、4周和24周时行超声心动图（UCG）检查,观察左心室收缩末容积指数（LVESVI）、左心室舒张末容积指数（LV-EDVI）和左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果行PCI治疗后,血管再通率为100%,术后4周和24周的LVESVI、LVEDVI和LVEF均明显优于术前,与药物治疗组比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论AMI后择期PCI治疗能够有效抑制左心室重构,改善心功能。     

重组人脑利钠肽对大鼠心肌梗死后心室重构的影响

目的 探讨重组人脑利钠肽(心活素)对大鼠心肌梗死后心室重构的影响. 方法建立雄性Wistar大鼠心肌梗死后心室重构模型.随机分为模型组、治疗组、假手术组.治疗组给予心活素15μg/kg,每天腹腔注射1次,假手术组及模型组仅以等体积的生理盐水腹腔注射.5周后检测心室重构指标、心功能参数及电镜观察. 结果模型组左室质量(LVAW)(883.09±35.15)mg、左室质量指数(LVRW)(2.40±0.13)mg/g、左室舒张压(LVEDP)(32.1±4.0)mm Hg,较治疗组LVAW(827.15±44.10)mg、LVRW(2.26±0.14)mg/g、LVEDP(26.1±2.0)mm Hg和假手术组的LVAW(759.70±43.82)mg、LVRW(2.04±0.09)mg/g、LVEDP(20.9±6.6)mm Hg水平增高(F=11.892、14.341、7.765,P=0.002、0.001、0.023);模型组球形指数(SI)(1.32±0.14)、收缩压(104.4±3.2)mm Hg、舒张压(71.8±5.1)mm Hg、左室收缩压(LVSP)(116.8±7.8)mm Hg、及左室内压最大上升和下降速率(±dp/dt)(5.7±0.9、3.6±0.3)mm Hg/ms较治疗组SI(1.47±0.08)、收缩压(111.2±4.6)mm Hg、舒张压(80.4±6.3)mm Hg、LVSP(129.2±5.3)mm Hg、及(±dp/dt)(5.7±0.9、3.6±0.3)mm Hg/ms和假手术组SI(1.63±0.15)、收缩压(118.5±5.8)mm Hg、舒张压(95.6±3.7)mm Hg、LVSP(138.0±4.2)mm Hg、及±dp/dt(6.9±0.4、5.25±0.1)mm Hg/ms明显降低(F=7.350、11.037,39.253、8.495、11.775、16.947,P=0.011、0.002、0.000、0.007、0.002、0.000);治疗组与模型组比较,LVAW、LVRW减小(t=11.489、6.439,P=0.003、0.019),SI增大(t=5.133,P=0.024);收缩压、舒张压、LVSP、±dp/dt明显增高(t=16.685、13.057、21.127、13.619、35.614,P=0.000、0.002、0.000、0.001、0.000),LVEDP显著降低(t=28.160,P=0.000);心肌细胞超微结构损伤程度明显减轻. 结论心活素能减轻心肌梗死大鼠心室重构后心肌细胞损伤,明显抑制心室重构发展,改善心功能.     

急性心肌梗死患者溶栓后血浆中脑钠素浓度变化的研究

目的研究血中脑钠素(BNP)水平与急性心肌梗死溶栓后左心室射血分数(LVEF)和心肌缺血程度的关系。方法将198例顺序入选的急性心肌梗死行链激酶静脉溶栓治疗的患者分为溶栓成功组(105例)和溶栓未成功组(93例),检测所有患者的血BNP水平及测定LVEF,比较溶栓成功组与溶栓未成功组LVEF>40%和LVEF≤40%的BNP水平。结果溶栓成功组BNP水平明显低于溶栓未成功组的BNP水平(725.4±169.8)ng/L(P<0.05),溶栓成功组和未成功组中LVEF>40%患者的BNP水平[(107.7±46.5)ng/L,(488.5±88.9)ng/L]明显低于LVEF≤40%患者的BNP水平[(515.5±121.2)ng/L,(856.7±129.5)ng/L,P<0.01]。结论急性心肌梗死患者血中BNP水平与LVEF和心肌缺血程度有关。     

首发急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者早期B型利钠肽水平与左室重构的关系

目的 探讨首发急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者心肌梗死发作24小时血浆B型利钠肽（BNP）水平与心肌梗死后6个月左窒重构的相关性.方法 选择首发急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者70例,发病后12小时之内均成功接受急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗.采用荧光测定法测定患者心梗急性发作24小时（早期）、第30天及6个月时血浆BNP水平;超声心动图测定左室舒张未期容积、左室收缩未期容积并计算左室射血分数.随访6个月,观察心梗后早期BNP水平与心梗后6个月左室重构的关系.结果 27%的患者发生了左室重构,左室重构组患者早期及随访30天、6个月血浆BNP水平均明显高于无左室重构组患者.在校正了年龄、高血压病、糖尿病、心梗部位、E峰减速时间及左室射血分数等影响左室重构的因素后,心梗后早期血浆BNP水平与心梗后6个月左室重构独立相关.结论 早期测定血浆BNP水平有助于评价首发急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者急诊冠脉介入术后左心室重构,对判断预后有一定价值.     

Emergency coronary angioplasty in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction or cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction

Emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed during an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after either systemic or intracoronary thrombolytic therapy in six patients with severe ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction or cardiogenic shock, among 37 patients (17%) who were treated with PTCA during AMI over a 13-month period. Thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase (1.5 x 10 Units) was initiated after a mean (+/- SD) time delay of 5.5 +/- 1.3 h from the onset of symptoms. The infarct-related artery was found to be occluded (TIMI grade 0-1) in three patients and partially reperfused (TIMI grade 2) in the remaining patients at baseline coronary angiography. Intracoronary administration of urokinase (100-200,000 Units) was ineffective in those patients failing systemic thrombolysis and resulted in only a slight increase of residual lumen in three patients. The coronary artery could be opened by a guidewire mechanical technique in patients with persistent coronary artery occlusion and coronary dilation could be done in all patients. The mean percentage diameter stenosis of the infarct-related vessel was reduced from 98.8 +/- 2% to 27 +/- 11% (P less than 0.005). After the procedure, left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 27 +/- 8% to 41 +/- 7% (P less than 0.02), systemic blood pressure and cardiac index increased respectively from 86 +/- 10 to 126 +/- 14 mmHg (P less than 0.005) and from 2.2 +/- 0.6 to 3.3 +/- 0.6 (P less than 0.01). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased from 26 +/- 8 to 18 +/- 3 mmHg (P less than 0.05). Severe mitral regurgitation was relieved in one patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

慢性心力衰竭左室重构、左室功能与脑钠肽的相关性

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者（CHF）左室重构、左室功能与脑钠肽（BNP）水平的关系。方法应用荧光免疫法快速测定血浆BNP浓度（CHF组和对照组分别196例、64例）、通过心脏彩色超声检测结果，计算左室舒张末内径指数（LVIDdI）、左室重量指数（LVMI）。对比CHF各亚组与对照组BNP水平的不同，应用相关性分析了解CHF组LVIDdI、LVMI及年龄、血压、体重指数（BMI）、左室射血分数（LVEF）等因素与BNP关系。结果CHF组LVDdI、LVMI、BNP均明显高于对照组，以扩张性心脏病组最高。CHF组LVMI、LVDdI与BNP具有明显的相关性（r=0．615，0．476，P〈0．01）；与LVEF具有明显的负相关（r=-0．649，-0．453，P〈0．01）；LVMI、LVDdI与BMI之间无明显相关性；BNP与EF值负相关（r=-0．602，P〈0．01）。多元逐步回归分析显示仅LVMI、LVIDdI、肌酐（Cr）对BNP有独立的影响（决定系数R。=0．437，P〈0．001）。结论CHF组BNP水平明显高于对照组，具有更高的LVIDdI、LVMI值和更低的LVEF值患者BNP水平更高，而年龄、血压、BMI与LVMI、LVIDdI和BNP无明显相关性。     

急性心肌梗死后左室重构临床研究

目的　探讨溶栓治疗对急性心肌梗死后左室结构和功能的影响。方法　对 36例首发急性心肌梗死患者于梗死后 4周和 12周进行超声心动图观察。分别测定左室舒张末期容积指数 (LVEDVI)、左室收缩末期容积指数 (LVESVI)、射血分数 (EF) ,作为反映左室结构和功能变化的指标。结果　急性心肌梗死后LVEDVI、LVESVI均明显增高 (分别为P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 )。 4周和 12周检查发现 ,溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI无明显差异 (分别P>0 0 5 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,EF值明显增大 (P <0 0 5 ) ;未溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI明显增大 (分别为P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,EF值无明显变化 (P >0 0 5 ) ;对 4周和 12周的检查结果作组间比较发现 ,溶栓组LVEDVI、LVESVI均小于未溶栓组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,EF值溶栓组高于未溶栓组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　溶栓治疗能有效地抑制急性心肌梗死后左室重构 ,改善心功能。     

N末端脑钠肽前体、超敏C-反应蛋白和血清CD137对急性心肌梗死患者左心室重构的预测价值

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和血清白细胞分化抗原137(CD137)的表达及其与左心室重构(LVR)的关系。方法选择2017年1月至2018年5月于宜兴市人民医院心血管内科确诊为急性心肌梗死的住院患者124例,入院常规检测血常规、生化、心肌酶、血清肌钙蛋白T(cTNT)、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、血清CD137等指标,入院期间及出院12个月行超声心动图检查。随访12个月后根据是否存在LVR分为LVR组(n=38)和非LVR组(n=86)。采用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行数据分析。相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析法。采用多因素二分类logistic回归法分析LVR的独立危险因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、血清CD137对LVR的预测价值。结果 LVR组患者入院时NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、血清CD137均明显高于非LVR组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关分析表明,NT-proBNP(r=0.419)、hs-CRP(r=0.209)和血清CD137(r=0.604)水平与左心室舒张期末内径增加值呈正相关(均P0.05)。二分类logistic回归分析显示,NT-proBNP、hs-CRP和血清CD137水平是AMI后发生LVR的独立危险因素(P0.05)。NT-proBNP、hs-CRP和血清CD137水平预测LVR发生的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.753,0.722,0.690,三者联合预测的AUC为0.805(均P0.05)。结论 NT-proBNP、hs-CRP和血清CD137水平与急性心肌梗死后LVR密切相关,三者联合检测对急性心肌梗死后LVR有一定的预测价值。     

Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction in canine

Background and objectives To investigate the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on left ventricular (LV) remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods AMI was produced by ligation of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) in 12 mongrel canines. These animals were randomized into 2 groups. In HGF group (n=6), canines were injected with pcDNA3-HGF lml (about 300ug) at the margin of infarcted myocardium; in control group (n=6) canines were injected with equal volume of normal saline. Cardiac function and left ventricular remodeling were evaluated with echocardiography at 1, 4, 8 weeks after MI. LV myocardium specimens were obtained at 8 weeks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological examination or with sirius red to assess the collagen content. Results Compared with control group, LVEF in HGF group was significantly higher at 4 weeks (49.61+6.66 vs 39.84+6.39; P＜0.05) and at 8 weeks (51.57+8.53 vs 40.61+7.67; P＜0.05) after AMI, while LVESV was significantly lower in HGF group than that in control group at 8 weeks after AMI (18.98+3.47 vs 25.66+5.86; P＜0.05). Posterior left ventricular wall thickness decreased significantly from 1 wk to 8 wks after AMI in control group, while remained unchanged in HGF group. Compared with control group, histological examination showed more neovascularization and less scar, and sirius red staining indicated higher volume of type Ⅲ collagen (7.10&#177;4.06% vs 3.77&#177;1.09%; P＜0.05) and lower collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio value (1.11&#177;0.52 vs 2.94&#177;2.48; P＜0.05)in HGF group. Conclusion HGF gene transfer might improve cardiac function and LV remodeling after acute myocardial infarction by stimulating angiogenesis, reducing fibrosis, and reducing myocardial scarring.     

急性冠脉综合征病人的血浆脑钠肽及C反应蛋白检测意义

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人的血浆脑钠肽(BNP)及C反应蛋白(CRP)的变化及其意义。方法采用荧光免疫抗原抗体结合方法和免疫比浊法定量检测58例ACS和30例稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者的血浆BNP和CRP水平;以30例健康者作为对照组。结果ACS患者血浆BNP和CRP水平均明显高于SAP组及对照组(P均<0.01)。ACS组血浆BNP水平和CRP水平呈正相关(r=0.582,P<0.01)。结论ACS患者血浆BNP和CRP水平明显升高,提示二者在ACS的发病机制中起重要作用,BNP和CRP均可作为冠心病临床危险分层的指标。     

Early mitral regurgitation after acute myocardial infarction does not contribute to subsequent left ventricular remodeling

BACKGROUND: It is well known that mitral regurgitation may lead to left ventricular dilation; however, the relationship between progressive left ventricular dilation after acute myocardial infarction (MI) and mitral regurgitation has not yet been clarified. HYPOTHESIS: This study tested the hypothesis that early mitral regurgitation contributes to left ventricular remodeling after acute MI. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 131 consecutive patients by serial two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography on Days 1, 2, 3, and 7, after 3 and 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year following acute MI. Patients were divided into two groups: those with mitral regurgitation in the first week after acute MI (Group 1, n = 34) and those without mitral regurgitation (Group 2, n = 81). RESULTS: Over 1 year, a significant increase in end-diastolic volume index (from 62.1 +/- 12.9 to 70.5 +/- 23.6 ml/m2, p = 0.001) with a strong linear trend (F = 15.1, p < 0.001) was noted. Initial end-diastolic volume index was higher in Group 1 (65.6 +/- 13.3 vs. 60.4 +/- 12.5 ml/m2, p = 0.047), but this difference remained constant throughout the study (F = 1.76, p = NS). Therefore, the pattern of end-diastolic volume changes was similar in both groups during the period of observation. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that early mitral regurgitation after acute MI does not contribute to subsequent left ventricular remodeling in the first year after myocardial infarction.     

Relation of circulating interleukin-6 to left ventricular remodeling in patients with reperfused anterior myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: During the remodeling process after myocardial infarction (MI), the expression of proinflammatory cytokines is enhanced in the myocardium. However, only a few clinical studies have been conducted on cytokine involvement in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI. HYPOTHESIS: Circulating proinflammatory cytokines may be involved in LV remodeling in patients with reperfused MI. METHODS: We studied 25 patients with acute anterior MI who had undergone coronary reperfusion therapy, and 10 normal control subjects with no cardiac disease. In all patients, LV ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), and end-systolic volume index (ESVI) were determined using left ventriculography at the acute phase and 6 months after onset. The delta EDVI and delta ESVI were calculated as the value of LV volume reduction, suggesting LV reverse remodeling. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha at the acute phase were significantly higher in patients with MI than in control subjects (both p < 0.05). The IL-6 levels correlated well negatively with delta EDVI (r = 0.779, p = 0.039), whereas no correlation was found for TNF-alpha. According to multivariate analysis, IL-6 at the acute phase was a significant independent predictor for LV remodeling after reperfused MI (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Circulating IL-6 levels correlated closely with LV geometric changes during the remodeling process in patients with reperfused MI. Our study addresses the usefulness of another marker for LV remodeling after MI.     

Spontaneous recovery of left ventricular function following acute anterior myocardial infarction

Four patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction showing spontaneous and marked improvement in systolic left ventricular function are described. All 4 patients showed abnormal Q waves and severe wall motion abnormalities soon after acute infarction. In all 4 patients, at least some regeneration of R-wave forces occurred and the regional wall motion in the involved area of the left ventricle improved dramatically without coronary angioplasty or surgical revascularization during the intervening period. The improvement in left ventricular function was attributed to spontaneous increase in nutrient flow to the involved area. It is concluded that Q waves and severe wall motion abnormalities do not necessarily indicate irreversible scar formation.