Benzodiazepines protect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in vitro

The protective effects of drugs acting at the benzodiazepine receptors against ethanol-induced gastric damage were investigated using a newly developed in vitro model of the ethanol-induced gastric damage. The rat stomachs were isolated from the whole animal and kept in Kreb's solution at 37 degrees C. Gastric damage was induced by administration of 1 mL of 50% V/V ethanol into the isolated rat stomach. Administration of the benzodiazepine agonist, clonazepam (25, 50, 100 microg), or the partial benzodiazepine inverse agonist Ro15-4513 (50 or 100 microg), significantly protected against ethanol-induced gastric damage when these agents were administered 15 min before ethanol. The protective effects of these drugs were blocked by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist flumazenil (200-400 microg). Flumazenil alone was found to aggravate ethanol-induced gastric damage (200-400 microg). The results of this study give evidence for the involvement of central-type benzodiazepine receptors located in the stomach in the protective action of benzodiazepines against ethanol-induced gastric damage.     

应激状态下幽门螺杆菌感染与胃黏膜损伤的关系探讨

目的研究应激时胃黏膜的损伤程度与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的变化情况及其相关性。方法选取新兵60名,在其军训前后进行血清皮质醇(COR)、儿茶酚胺(CA)、14 C-尿素呼气试验、Hp抗体检测,以及《症状自评量表》(SCL-90)评估,部分受试者行胃镜检查和胃黏膜病理分析。结果心理调查问卷分析中,军训后较军训前SCL-90总分、躯体化、抑郁、偏执分明显升高,与军训前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。军训后新兵的血清COR和CA水平分别为(276.64±156.89)μg/dL、(320.76±123.75)pg/mL,明显高于军训前的(8.28±2.43)μg/dL、(18.69±5.98)pg/mL,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。胃黏膜病理检查显示军训后胃黏膜炎症积分和14 C-尿素呼气试验检测结果明显升高。结论应激可导致胃黏膜损伤加重,且加重了机体Hp的感染。     

内镜下微波治疗胃黏膜脱垂症的临床研究

目的探讨胃黏膜脱垂症内镜微波治疗的方法和效果。方法该组94例胃黏膜脱垂症随机分为点灼法和片灼法,对比分析两种方法的治疗效果。结果总疗效:点灼法治疗组显效率为83.3%,片灼法组为80.4%(P>0.05)。症状体征消失率:点灼法组与片灼法组的症状体征消失率分别为86.7%、84.6%(P>0.05)。内镜病变消失率:点灼法组和片灼法组病变消失率分别为91.9%和93.4%(P>0.05)。并发症:点灼法组无上消化道出血,而片灼法组有3例出现上消化道出血。结论内镜下微波点灼法治疗胃黏膜脱垂症与片灼法同样有效,且安全,并发症少。     

Protection of the rat gastric mucosa against aspirin injury by arachidonic acid: a dietary prostaglandin precursor fatty acid

We studied aspirin-induced injury to the gastric mucosa in control rats pretreated with a solubilizer, pluronic F-68 (PL), and in rats pretreated with solubilized arachidonic acid (AA). Fasted male rats were pretreated intragastrically with 1 ml of either pluronic or AA and 1 h later acidified ASA (1 ml suspension of 200 mg kg-1 body weight) was administered intragastrically. Grossly apparent mucosal lesions developed 1 h after aspirin in pluronic-pretreated rats, but were significantly reduced in AA-pretreated rats. Histology, scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that AA pretreatment did not prevent aspirin-induced initial damage to the surface epithelium but did significantly reduce extent of aspirin-induced deep mucosal necrosis at 1, 4 and 18 h after aspirin. Initial aspirin-induced surface epithelial damage was rapidly restituted by two distinct types of re-epithelialization - vertical and horizontal. While the vertical type of re-epithelialization has been reported previously as the first stage of mucosal repair following injury by various noxious agents such as concentrated ethanol, the horizontal type of re-epithelialization, which is described for the first time in this paper, seems to be specific for the repair of aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. These studies suggest that dietary factors such as essential fatty acids may play a role in gastric mucosal protection against aspirin injury.     

早期肠内营养对重型颅脑损伤大鼠胃黏膜能量代谢的影响

[目的]研究早期肠内营养对重型颅脑损伤大鼠胃黏膜能量代谢的影响。[方法]建立大鼠重型颅脑损伤模型,随机分为早期肠内营养组(A组)、单纯损伤组(B组)和正常对照组(C组)。采用高效液相色谱法检测伤后6h、12h、24h、48h、72h胃黏膜组织及其线粒体内腺苷酸池含量的变化。[结果]B组各时相点胃黏膜组织及其线粒体内三磷酸腺苷(ATP)与总腺苷酸含量显著低于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01),胃黏膜组织能荷(EC)无明显变化,胃黏膜线粒体能荷水平在伤后6h、72h显著低于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。而A组胃黏膜组织及其线粒体内ATP与总腺苷酸含量较B组显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01),胃黏膜线粒体能荷水平在伤后72h较B组显著增高(P<0.05)。[结论]重型颅脑损伤可导致胃黏膜组织及其线粒体内能量代谢紊乱,早期肠内营养可能通过有效增加胃黏膜的能量贮备,来实现保护胃黏膜的作用,从而减轻急性胃黏膜损伤的程度。     

梗阻性黄疸大鼠应激时血浆表皮生长因子变化与急性胃粘膜病变关系的研究

目的探讨表皮生长因子在梗阻性黄疸急性胃粘膜病变发病机制中的作用。方法结扎Wistar大鼠胆管,制作梗阻性黄疸模型,40只大鼠随机分成4个小组：假手术组A组、假手术应激组B组、梗阻性黄疸组C组、梗阻性黄疸应激组D组,每组10只。应激结束后,测定血浆表皮生长因子浓度,肉眼下按Guth标准评价胃粘膜损伤程度,计算胃粘膜损伤指数（UI）,光镜下观察胃粘膜病理性改变。结果梗阻性黄疸时血浆表皮生长因子变化明显,C组、D组明显低于A组、B组（P〈0.01）;A组未见胃粘膜损伤,D组损伤最严重,其次为B组、C组,各组间均有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论梗阻性黄疸大鼠应激状态下,血浆表皮生长因子水平下降更明显,损害性与保护性因素的平衡失调,是导致急性胃粘膜病变重要因素之一。     

胃黏膜病变组织中RASAL_1基因的表达及其与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的探讨RASAL1基因在幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染胃黏膜组织中的变化及其在胃癌发生发展中的意义。方法内镜及活检病理证实的慢性胃炎58例(慢性胃炎组)、肠化生及异型增生58例(肠化生及异型增生组)和胃癌58例(胃癌组),分别用13C-呼气试验及Giemsa染色检测Hp,链霉菌亲生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接(SP)免疫组化检测RASAL1,比较各组及组内Hp阳性亚组和Hp阴性亚组中RASAL1的表达。结果慢性胃炎组、肠化生及异型增生组和胃癌组中RASAL1的阳性率分别为89.66%、56.90%和13.79%,呈递减趋势。各组Hp阳性亚组与Hp阴性亚组中RASAL1的阳性率分别为,慢性胃炎组:73.33%和96.43%,肠化生及异型增生组:40.63%和76.92%,胃癌组:14.29%与13.51%,两两比较均有显著差异。结论 Hp感染可降低胃黏膜RASAL1表达,削弱其对胃黏膜损伤的保护作用,促进了胃癌的发生发展。     

高原高寒环境对大鼠胃黏膜损伤及胃黏膜NO表达的影响

目的观察高原高寒环境对大鼠胃黏膜及大鼠血清和胃黏膜组织中NO表达的影响。方法 SD雄性大鼠43只,随机分成高原环境组、高原高寒环境组与对照组,观察胃黏膜变化并测定大鼠血清和胃黏膜组织中NO表达水平。结果高原环境组与高原高寒环境组大鼠胃黏膜产生不同程度的损伤,与对照组比大鼠血清胃黏膜组织中NO表达水平比较均有显著差异(P0.01),高原高寒环境组与高原环境组大鼠血清和胃黏膜组织中NO表达水平比较也有显著差异(P0.01)。结论高原高寒环境对大鼠血清和胃黏膜组织中NO含量有显著影响。     

胆汁反流、胃酸、幽门螺杆菌感染对胃黏膜损伤的影响

目的　探讨胆汁反流、胃酸、幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)感染对胃黏膜损伤的影响。方法　 30例具有胆汁反流症状并经胃镜检查证实有胆汁反流的患者 ,同步行动态 2 4小时胃内胆汁及 pH值监测 ,胃镜下取胃窦胃小弯处黏膜 4块 ,1块做快速尿素酶试验 ,3块做病理检查 ;常规固定、包埋、切片和苏木精和伊红 (HE)、Giemsa染色 ,后者用于Hp检测 ;根据胃窦黏膜有无活动性炎症、萎缩、肠化和不典型增生分别记 2分或 1分 ;根据上腹痛、腹胀、吐苦水、恶心、嗳气和食欲不振的程度给予症状评分 ;得出胆红素吸收值 (Abs)≥ 0 .14的时间百分比、pH值 <4的时间百分比 ,以及胃内Abs与pH值对应表。结果　 30例患者中Hp的感染率是 2 3.3% ,胃内Abs≥ 0 .14的时间百分比是 (30 .6 4±14 .6 7) % ;胃内Abs≥ 0 .14的时间百分比Hp阳性组 (2 0 .6 4± 7.13) % ,Hp阴性组 (4 0 .38± 13.35 ) % ,两者相比差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;胃窦部黏膜糜烂、肠化的程度积分与胆汁反流程度呈正相关 (r =0 .74 9,P =0 .0 0 5 )。结论　胆汁反流可以抑制Hp在胃内的定植 ,胆汁反流是胃黏膜损伤的危险因素     

射频灼除及高频电切治疗胃黏膜脱垂症

目的观察内镜下射频灼除及高频电切治疗胃黏膜脱垂症的效果。方法胃镜确诊的349例胃黏膜脱垂症患者分为射频灼除组(136例)、高频电切组(161例)和对照组(52例)。1月后行临床症状随访和胃镜复查。结果射频灼除组(130例)、高频电切组(156例)和对照组(46例)随访症状缓解有效率分别为88.46%、85.26%和36.96%。治疗组高于对照组(P<0.01);射频灼除组高于高频电切组(P<0.01)。射频灼除组(109例)、高频电切组(120例)和对照组(43例)复查胃镜结果有效率分别为100%、97.5%和13.95%。治疗组高于对照组(P<0.01),射频灼除组高于高频电切组(P<0.01)。结论射频灼除法治疗胃黏膜脱垂疗效确切。     

高频电切及热活检灼除治疗胃黏膜脱垂症

目的观察内镜下高频电切及热活检灼除治疗胃黏膜脱垂症的效果。方法胃镜确诊的398例胃黏膜脱垂症患者随机分为高频电切组（161例）、热活检灼除组（185例）和对照组（52例）。治疗组术后和对照组每人每日口服奥美拉唑20mg，连续3周。1个月后行临床症状随访和胃镜复查。结果高频电切组、热活检灼除组和对照组症状随访率分别为96．89％、92．97％和88．46％；随访症状缓解总有效率为85．26％、86．05％和36．96％。治疗组与对照组相比，差异有显著性（P〈0.01）；两治疗组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。高频电切组、热活捡灼除组和对照组胃镜复查率分别为74．53％、73．51％和82。69％；胃镜复查总有效率分别为97．5％、98．53％和13．95％。治疗组与对照组相比．差异有显著性（P〈0.01），两治疗组相比差异无显著性（P〉0.05），但热活检灼除组（92．65％）的显效比例高于高频电切除组（87．5％）（P〈0.01）。结论内镜下热活检灼除法治疗胃黏膜脱垂症易于操作，疗效确切，安全性高。     

Follow-up analysis and histopathological study of gastric mucosa in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

ObjectiveTo investigate the histomorphological characteristics of the gastric mucosa and the prognosis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.MethodsProgressive damage to the gastric mucosa was examined by immunohistochemistry in 2294 patients with H. pylori infection and follow-up information was analyzed.ResultsH. pylori initially colonized the mucus layer covered by the gastric mucosa epithelium, then selectively adhered to and destroyed the surface mucus cells causing intra-gastric and extra-gastric lesions. Gastric mucosal damage induced by H. pylori was divided into five stages according to the depth of H. pylori invasion and degree of lesion deterioration: mucilaginous, surface mucocellular, lamina propria lesion, mucosal atrophy, and intraepithelial neoplasia stages. Morphological follow-up analysis revealed no significant difference in 6-month curative effects between stage I and stage II, but significant differences were found between stages II and III, stages III and IV, and between stages IV and stage V, respectively.ConclusionsThis novel staging strategy may be a valuable tool for diagnosing and predicting the results of gastric mucosal damage induced by H. pylori infection.     

幽门螺杆菌根除与灭Hp煎剂对慢性胃炎胃黏膜屏障的影响

目的观察幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori,Hp)根除后灭Hp煎剂对慢性胃炎胃黏膜屏障的影响。方法46例Hp( )慢性胃炎患者应用丽珠胃三联根除治疗后,随机分成3组;分别予以灭Hp煎剂、胃复春、氢氧化铝(胃舒平)治疗3个月,治疗前后行胃镜检查,观察药物对慢性胃黏膜病变的治疗情况,同时测定血清表皮生长因子(EGF)和胃窦黏膜磷脂含量以及胃黏膜表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)表达情况。结果单纯Hp根除使各组胃黏膜急性炎症明显消退,但对慢性病变没有影响;灭Hp煎剂治疗后慢性胃黏膜病变明显好转,磷脂含量显著增加,血清EGF从治疗前的(0.45±0.08)μg/L下降至治疗后的(0.36±0.05)μg/L(P<0.05);EGFR表达从治疗前的(35.20±4.95)%增加至治疗后的(48.80±5.19)%(P<0.05),而胃复春组则无明显变化。结论灭Hp煎剂能够增加胃黏膜表面磷脂和血清EGF含量,并使胃黏膜EGFR表达上调,有增强胃黏膜屏障的作用。     

高频超声及异位粘膜显像在儿童Meckel憩室中的诊断价值

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound and 99mTcO4-ectopic gastric mucosa imaging in children with Meckel diverticulum. Methods A retrospective study of the Meckel&quot;s diverticulum was performed in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017. The results of ultrasound and radionuclide imaging included a total of 13 cases. Analyze and compare the accuracy of high-frequency ultrasound imaging and radionuclide diagnosis of diverticulum. Results High-frequency ultrasound missed one case, two cases of misdiagnosis, and the accuracy was 76.92%; nuclide imaging missed one case, and 1 case was misdiagnosed, with an accuracy of 84.62%. However, there was no significant difference between the two methods (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusion Both high-frequency ultrasound and radionuclide scan are helpful for the diagnosis of Meckel&quot;s diverticulum, which can improve the diagnostic accuracy of diverticulum.     

Gab1在胃癌组织中表达分析及通过PI3K/AKT通路调控转移的机制研究

目的 探究Grb2相关结合蛋白1(Gab1)表达在胃癌中的临床意义和通过PI3K/AKT通路调控转移的机制.方法 收集2015年3月至2018年3月胃癌组织和癌旁组织标本各70份,通过免疫组织化学染色检测Gab1表达水平,并分析Gab1表达水平与患者一般资料和病理特点的相关性.将胃腺癌细胞AGS分为空白组、对照组、Ga...