不同基因型沙眼衣原体感染与自然流产相关性分析

目的：探讨不同基因型沙眼衣原体(CT)感染与自然流产之间的相关性。方法选择390例自然流产患者为观察组,155例正常妊娠孕妇为对照组,对比两组孕产妇CT感染率,并分析两组CT感染基因型之间的差异。结果观察组CT感染率为5.64%(22/390),明显高于对照组的1.29%(2/155),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组CT感染22例(5.64%),其中单纯D型3例(13.6%),单纯E型7例(31.8%),单纯F型5例(22.7%),混合型7例(31.8%);对照组CT感染2例(1.29%),单纯F型1例(50%),混合型1例(50%).两组不同基因型CT感染率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论沙眼衣原体感染与自然流产有着密切关系,且以E、D、F三种基因型为主,因此对于上述基因型沙眼衣原体感染孕产妇应合理使用敏感性药物进行早期干预,并加强孕期胚胎发育监测,以降低不良妊娠结局发生率。     

湘南地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体的基因型分布

目的 了解湘南地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体分离株的基因型(血清型)分布情况.方法应用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性分析,对湘南部分地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体病人的62份阳性标本进行了基因分型. 结果沙眼衣原体基因型中, E型25份,D型14份, F型9份,G型7份,J型4份;有3份不典型基因型,未进一步分型.结论湘南地区泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的基因型别以E型为主,其次为D型、F型、G型、J型.     

湘南地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体的基因型分布

目的：了解湘南地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体分离株的基因型（血清型）分布情况。方法：应用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性分析，对湘南部分地区泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体病人的62份阳性标本进行了基因分型。结果：沙眼衣原体基因型中，E型25份，D型14份，F型9份，G型7份，J型4份；有3份不典型基因型，未进一步分型。结论：湘南地区泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的基因型别以E型为主，其次为D型、F型、G型、J型。     

中山地区1020例泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染情况及耐药性分析

目的 探讨中山地区泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis)感染情况及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性.方法 收集1 020例泌尿生殖道标本,核酸扩增法扩增沙眼衣原体MOMP基因进行电泳并测序鉴定;阳性临床菌株通过PCR产物电泳并测序检测四环素耐药质粒tetM基因、大环内酯类耐药相关23S rRNA基因、核糖体蛋白基因L4和L22以及喹诺酮类耐药基因gyrA.结果 1 020例泌尿生殖道标本检出沙眼衣原体感染者137例(感染率13.43%),其中女性126例(感染率17.00%),男性11例(感染率3.94%),女性检出率明显高于男性(P<0.0001),感染人群主要集中于21~30岁的年轻女性,以宫颈分泌物和阴道分泌物标本检出率最高.137株沙眼衣原体临床株中检出tetM基因18株,喹诺酮类gyrA-QRDR基因有83丝氨酸(AGT)-异亮氨酸(ATT)点突变耐药株10株.有4株同时存在四环素类和喹诺酮类耐药基因.结论 20~30岁女性人群为沙眼衣原体感染的高危人群.中山地区沙眼衣原体耐药菌株以四环素类和喹诺酮类为主,且出现多重耐药现象,未发现大环内酯类耐药菌.     

性病门诊性传播疾病病原体感染情况调查

目的:了解性病门诊性传播疾病(STD)病原体感染的流行情况.方法:对1124例就诊者分别检测沙眼衣原体、解脲支原体、梅毒螺旋体、人乳头瘤病毒、白色念珠菌、淋病奈瑟菌和人类免疫缺陷病毒7种病原体.结果:STD感染率为59.0%,其中36.0%为混合感染;沙眼衣原体感染率最高,为40.1%;女性人乳头瘤病毒感染率高于男性(P=0.005);STD患者主要集中在21～30岁、高中及以下学历、工人和干部职业;STD病原体感染者与未感染者相比,二者在性别、年龄和婚姻情况的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);STD病原体感染者平均性伴数高于非感染者(P=0.005).结论:性病门诊就诊者STD感染率较高,其中沙眼衣原体所占比率最高;女性人乳头瘤病毒感染率高于男性;21～30岁、低学历者、工人和干部为STD的主要感染群体;多性伴数者更易感染STD;STD的混合感染不容忽视.     

泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体PmpF基因多态性及分布特征

目的 探讨泌尿生殖道感染沙眼衣原体PmpF基因的多态性及与临床感染的关系.方法 收集2013年1月到2014年12月于解放军252医院就诊患者送检的泌尿生殖道分泌物标本,标本处理后使用沙眼衣原体核酸检测试剂盒筛选阳性标本,然后以巢式PCR扩增PmpF基因,扩增得到的PmpF基因选用4种内切酶进行酶切及RFLP分析并确定其基因型,根据PmpF-RFLP结果,选择代表菌株测定PmpF基因序列进行系统发育分析,进一步验证PmpF-RFLP结果,同时测定代表菌株的Omp1基因序列并与参考菌株进行比较,从而确定代表菌株的血清型.通过x2检验探讨沙眼衣原体PmpF基因型与患者性别、年龄的关系以反映其临床分布特征.结果 2年间从妇科、泌尿科和皮肤科3个科室获得阳性标本178份,1 17份标本扩增得到PmpF基因,PmpF-RFLP将1 17份标本分为3个Type型,占比分别为2.6％、36.8％、60.7％,挑选26株菌株进行Omp1序列测定,结果显示26株菌株属于D、Da、E、F、G、H、J7种血清型,统计学分析表明PmpF基因型与患者性别、年龄的Fisher精确检验值分别为0.167、0.008.结论 本地区引起泌尿生殖道感染的沙眼衣原体可以根据PmpF基因分成3个基因型,包括D、Da、E、F、G、H、J7种血清型,血清型与PmpF基因型无对应关系,PmpF基因型与患者年龄有关,与性别无关.     

泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体和沙眼衣原体感染检测分析

目的:探讨泌尿生殖道炎症患者解脲脲原体(Uu)和沙眼衣原体(CT)感染分布情况。方法:沙眼衣原体检测采用胶体金免疫层析法,支原体检测采用培养、药敏一体试剂盒检测。结果:984例中Uu检出率为32.0%(其中男性21.7%,女性41.9%),女性感染率明显高于男性(P<0.01);CT检出率为11.9%(其中男性11.8%,女性12.1%),男女性别间差异无显著性(P>0.05);两种病原体混合感染率为8.9%(其中男性为5.1%,女性为12.5%),女性感染率明显高于男性(P<0.01)。两种病原体感染在不同年龄患者中差异有显著性(P<0.01),以青壮年感染率最高。结论:泌尿生殖道炎症患者中Uu和CT感染有其普遍性和上升的迹象,因此,对疑似病例应进行Uu和CT的检测。     

尖锐湿疣合并其他性病感染的临床研究

目的:研究尖锐湿疣合并其他性病患者的临床感染情况。方法:选择我院于2011年4月至2013年4月收治的160例尖锐湿疣患者,根据男女性别分为男性组和女性组,并对所有患者进行淋球菌、解脲支原体及沙眼衣原体等检测,并对检测结果进行分析和总结。结果:经过临床检测研究表明,男性尖锐湿疣合并其他性病总感染率为36.3%,而女性尖锐湿疣合并其他性病总感染率为48.8%,女性组感染率明显高于男性组,两组对比,差异较为显著,存在统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者合并解脲支原体感染率明显高于淋球菌感染率、沙眼衣原体感染率,三者对比,差异显著,存在统计学意义(P0.05)。女性组合并解脲支原体感染率明显高于男性组,两组对比,差异较为显著,存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:其他性病感染是导致尖锐湿疣复发主要因素,必须引起医务人员的高度重视,并对其病原体采取有效的检测措施,为尖锐湿疣防治提供重要依据。     

381例卖淫嫖娼人员性病状况分析

目的了解仪征市2010～2012年公安机关强制送检的381名卖淫嫖娼人员的性病状况及其特点,为制订性病防病政策提供依据。方法对381名强制送检的卖淫嫖娼人员的一般资料进行分析,对采集的标本进行性病检测并分析结果。结果381名卖淫嫖娼人员中,卖淫人员以外地女性较多,30～39岁年龄组人数最多(42.67%,76/178)。嫖娼人员以本地男性较多,50岁以上年龄组人数最多(38.92%,79/203)。卖淫人员的性病患病率明显高于嫖娼人员;在检出的性病患者中以无症状感染的梅毒(63.64%,35/55)和沙眼衣原体感染(27.27%,15/55)为主。结论本地区卖淫嫖娼人员的性病发病率较高,以性病无症状感染为特点。应加强对卖淫嫖娼人员的主动监测和规范治疗,提倡安全性行为。     

门诊性病患者沙眼衣原体感染危险因素分析

目的探讨门诊性病沙眼衣原体的感染率及危险因素。方法选取2011年1月—2012年9月该院性病科就诊的患者93例,采用实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测沙眼衣原体感染,并采取问卷调查分析危险因素。随机选取该院体检人员90例的临床资料作为对照组。结果 20例沙眼衣原体感染检测阳性,占21.5%。常规体检90例,CT检测阳性3例,占3.3%,对比差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.74,P<0.01)。近半年性伴侣数>3个(χ2=5.12)、具有既往STD史(χ2=4.05)、固定性伴侣STD史(χ2=4.51)、避孕措施使用不当(χ2=6.33)、性知识缺乏了解(χ2=3.96)为门诊性病沙眼衣原体感染危险因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论性病门诊患者沙眼衣原体感染率偏高,应开展综合防治手段,降低危险因素,控制性病的传播。     

PCR/RFLP对临床标本沙眼衣原体直接基因分型

建立泌尿生殖系统沙眼衣原体感染阳性标本直接基因分型方法。先用敏感的扩增沙眼衣原体特异质粒的引物扩增５００份临床标本，初筛选出１００份阳性标本再用扩增沙眼衣原体主要外膜蛋白（ＭＯＭＰ）基因的引物扩增，并用嵌套式ＰＣＲ使阳性标本能扩增出ＭＯＭＰ基因，对获得的ＭＯＭＰ基因用限制性酶切片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰ）方法进行基因分型，并用银染观察结果。其中Ｅ型比例最高，占４７％；Ｆ型为１６％；Ｄａ、Ｇ型均为６％；Ｂａ、Ｄ型各占５％；Ｈ型及Ｋ型均为１％，混合型Ｋ／Ｆ型２％；混合型Ｄ／Ｊ、Ｅ／Ｇ均为１％；未能分型有９％。     

Chlamydial infection in female prostitutes in Singapore

Three studies conducted in 1982, 1985 and 1988 investigated chlamydial infections in female prostitutes. In 1982, 115 prostitutes with culture-positive gonorrhoea were studied; 8% were coinfected with Chlamydia trachomatis. In 1985, 86 female prostitutes and in 1988, 100 female prostitutes attending for routine tests were examined. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated in 12% and 9% of the cases, respectively. Gonorrhoea was detected in 10% and 11% of the cases. In the 1988 study, one (9%) of the 11 women with gonorrhoea had concomitant chlamydial infection. Syphilis was diagnosed in 3% of the female prostitutes investigated in 1988. Our findings indicate that concomitant chlamydial infection occurs in about 8-9% of female prostitutes with gonorrhoea and that 9-12% of the female prostitutes screened harboured Chlamydia trachomatis in their endocervices. A chlamydial control programme in prostitutes is desirable.     

Chronic Chlamydia trachomatis infections in infants.

OBJECTIVE.--To study the natural history of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in infants. DESIGN.--Bacteriologic and serologic study of an inception cohort. SETTING.--University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle. PARTICIPANTS.--Twenty-two infants with C trachomatis infections either not treated early in life or recurring after antimicrobial treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES.--Persistence of infection in various anatomic sites, antibody responses to specific serovars (serologic variants) of C trachomatis, and serovars of isolates from mothers and infants. RESULTS.--The cumulative proportion of infants still infected at the age of 1 year was 35%. Infection persisted in the conjunctiva, nasopharynx, and oropharynx in one child for as long as 866 days (28.5 months), when she was cured by treatment. In none of the infants did serologic tests suggest acquisition of infection other than at birth. Isolates of C trachomatis from mothers and their respective infants were always of the same serovar. CONCLUSIONS.--Many infants infected with C trachomatis at birth remain infected for months or years in the absence of specific antimicrobial therapy. Such infections may be confused with those acquired by sexual abuse.     

A study of morbidity pattern among prostitutes attending a municipal clinic in Pune

The findings of the present study revealed that out of 200 prostitutes attending a clinic for various ailments, 81.50% were suffering from sexually transmitted diseases (STD) thus posing a potential risk of transmitting these diseases to their clients. Syphilis was found to be the commonest STD afflicting 36.80% of the respondents, the next common being the chancroid (31.28%); 5.52% of the respondents were found to be suffering from concomitant venereal infections. The other important communicable diseases with which some respondents were found to be afflicted, included--tinea infection (3 cases), scabies (2 cases), leprosy (2 cases), pulmonary tuberculosis (4 cases) and upper respiratory tract infection [3 cases). Thus, the prostitutes remain an undisputed potential source of infection not only of STDs but also several other communicable diseases. Therefore, their continuous surveillance, early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and subsequent follow-up should be meticulously carried out. On the other hand the public, particularly the sexually promiscuous individuals must be imparted vigorous health education to avoid exposure to this source.     

不育症患者沙眼衣原体和解脲脲原体检测

目的 :通过对不育症患者泌尿生殖道标本中支、衣原体检查 ,了解不育症患者支、衣原体感染状况。方法 :收集 2 0 0 0年 10月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月 197例不育症患者和 2 2 9例普通门诊患者泌尿生殖道标本 ,用双相一步法培养和细胞培养等方法进行解脲脲原体 (Ureaplasmaurealyticum ,Uu)和沙眼衣原体 (Chlamydiatrachomatis,CT)检测。结果 :不育症患者的支、衣原体阳性率分别为 4 8.2 %和 4 6 .2 % ,其中男性患者为 4 7.5 %和 4 4 .6 % ,女性患者为 4 9.0 %和 4 7.9% ,支、衣原体混合感染率男性为 2 5 .7% ,女性为 2 4 .0 % ;普通门诊患者支、衣原体阳性率分别为 11.4 %和 10 .0 % ,其中男性为 12 .4 %和 10 .6 % ,女性为 10 .3%和 9.5 % ,混合感染率男性为1.8% ,女性为 1.7%。结论 :不育症患者男女间和普通门诊患者男女间阳性率差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;不育症患者支、衣原体感染率较高 ,与普通门诊患者相比差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,提示支、衣原体感染多经性接触传播 ,为性传播疾病 ,与不育症的发生有一定关系     

Prevalence of concurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infections among men with gonococcal urethritis in Lusaka

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections among male patients with gonococcal urethritis in the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) clinic at UTH, Lusaka, was determined by two methods to be around 4.7%. Methods used were specific for C. trachomatis (Syva Microtrak), and second isolation of C. trachomatis. The results indicate that with a prevalence rate of 4-7% for concurrent gonococcal and chlamydial infection, it is not financially or medically practical to treat all cases of gonorrhoea in Zambia for possible chlamydial infection, as is advocated in some countries. The findings further suggest that the commercially available Syva Microtrak test should probably be considered positive when one or two monoclonal-stained elementary bodies are seen, rather than ten, to avoid false-negative results.     

Evidence of Chlamydia infection in a Belfast antenatal population.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an important cause of postpartum endometritis and neonatal conjunctivitis. However, the prevalence of chlamydial genital infection varies considerably from one population group to another. A study was thus conducted to determine the incidence of C trachomatis infection of the cervix in an unselected group of women attending a Belfast antenatal clinic. One hundred and six patients were screened for evidence of current cervical infection with C trachomatis or serological evidence of past infection. C trachomatis was identified in 2.9%, and there was evidence of past infection in 18.9%. No significant risk factors were identified from gynaecological, contraceptive or sexual histories. C trachomatis infection was treated with erythromycin and there were no perinatal complications ascribed to chlamydia.     

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and genital mycoplasmas in asymptomatic women.

To establish the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in women attending a family planning and a prenatal clinic in Halifax, cervical swabs were obtained at the time of the first visit from 491 women who had no symptoms of genital infection. Among the women attending the family planning clinic M. hominis occurred in combination with C. trachomatis more frequently than expected (p less than 0.05). It occurred in the absence of U. urealyticum in only a few cases (13% of the occurrences in the family planning clinic and 6% of those in the prenatal clinic). C. trachomatis was significantly more prevalent in women under 25 years of age (p less than 0.04). However, mycoplasmas were as prevalent in women over 30 years as in those under 30. There were no significant differences in the infection rates of the organisms by trimester among pregnant women. More research is necessary for a proper understanding of the role of M. hominis and U. urealyticum in genitourinary infections and pregnancy outcomes.     

HIV infection surveillance in Mogadishu, Somalia

A group of 89 prostitutes and 45 patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Mogadishu, Somalia were examined for evidence of HIV infection. Both groups reported more than 1 sexual partner routinely and had sexual contacts with prostitutes. There was a significant amount of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in these two groups, with 11.2% and 6.7% respectively being culture positive for N. gonorrhoea. Among the prostitutes, 28.1% were positive for antibodies to T. pallidum while only 4.4% of the STD patients were positive. One isolate of N. gonorrhoea was resistant to penicillin. All study participants were negative for antibodies to HIV suggesting an extremely low prevalence of HIV in high risk behaviour groups in the capital city of Somalia.