高效液相色谱法测定护肝颗粒中大黄素和大黄素甲醚的含量

目的：测定护肝颗粒中大黄素、大黄素甲醚的含量。方法：高效液相色谱法,Ｋｒｏｍａｓｉｌ Ｃ１８（４－６ｍｍ ×２５０ｍｍ ,５－０μｍ）色谱柱,流动相：甲醇－０－１％ 醋酸溶液（９０：１０）,检测波长：２９０ｎｍ ,流速：１－０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１ ,柱温：４０℃。结果：含量测定大黄素、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别在０－０７１７５～０－５７４μｇ、０－０４５８～０－３６６μｇ,大黄素平均回收率９７－９２ ％ , ＲＳＤ 为１－０６ ％ 。大黄素甲醚平均回收率９８－２７％ ,ＲＳＤ 为０－８５％ 。结论：建立的含量测定方法简便、快捷、灵敏、准确     

高效液相色谱法测定退烧冲剂中黄芩苷的含量

目的：测定退烧冲剂中黄芩苷的含量。方法：采用ＨＰＬＣ法,Ｃ１８ 柱,流动相醋酸缓冲液（ｐＨ４．５）－ 甲醇（１∶１）,检测波长２５４ｎｍ 。结果：黄芩苷在０．５～１０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１ 浓度范围内线性关系良好,ｒ ＝ ０．９９９８,平均回收率９８．６％ , ＲＳＤ 为１．５９％ 。结论：所建立的含量测定方法简便、准确,可作为该产品的质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方替硝唑醇溶液中两组分含量

目的：建立同时测定复方替硝唑醇溶液中替硝唑和氯霉素含量的高效液相色谱法。方法：采用ＹＷＧ－ Ｃ１８ 柱,以甲醇－ 水－ 冰醋酸（３５∶６５∶０．１）为流动相,检测波长２９０ｎｍ ,内标法定量。结果：替硝唑和氯霉素在２０ ～１２０μｇ·ｍｌ－１ 的范围内呈良好线性关系。两者的平均回收率分别为１００．６％ ±０ ．５％ 和９９．５ ％ ±０．５％ ,日内及日间ＲＳＤ＜ ３％ 。结论：本方法准确、灵敏,适用于复方替硝唑醇溶液的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶剂的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶剂的含量。方法：以丙酸睾酮为内标，采用反相ＯＤＳ色谱柱，甲醇－ 水（８０∶２０） 为流动相，检测波长为２３０ｎｍ 。结果：线性范围内相关系数ｒ＝０－９９９６，回收率为９９－０％ ，ＲＳＤ＝ １－０ ％ ，最小检测量为０－０２２μｇ。结论：ＨＰＬＣ法可用于苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶的含量测定，方法准确，灵敏，专属性强，适用于产品的质量控制     

高效液相色谱法测定疏络止痛胶囊中粉防己碱的含量

目的：测定疏络止痛胶囊中粉防己碱的含量。方法：ＲＰ－ ＨＰＬＣ法选用Ｃ１８ 分析柱,流动相：甲醇－ 水－ 二乙胺（８２∶１８∶０．２） ,检测波长为２８３ｎｍ ,流速：１．０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１ ,柱温：４０℃。结果：该法平均回收率为９８．１２ ％ , ＲＳＤ ＝ １．０６％ （ ｎ ＝ ５） 。结论：本法快速、准确,样品处理简便易行,重现性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方美沙芬胶囊中美沙芬与布洛芬含量

目的：建立复方美沙芬胶囊中美沙芬与布洛芬的高效液相色谱测定法。方法：固定相Ｓｈｉｍｐａｃｋ ＣＬＣ－ ＯＤＳ柱,流动相乙腈－ 水（６５∶３５,含０．００７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ 硝酸铵、０．００７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－ １ ＳＤＳ,用冰醋酸调ｐＨ至３．４）,流速１．０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１,在２７０ｎｍ 处测定。结果：美沙芬含量线性范围０ ．０２ ～０．１０ｍｇ·ｍｌ－１ ,回归方程：Ｙ＝２．５１×１０３ ＋１．８４×１０６Ｘ,ｒ ＝０．９９９６ ;布洛芬含量线性范围０ ．２０～１．００ｍｇ·ｍｌ－１ ,Ｙ＝ １．８６×１０３＋ ５．１６×１０５Ｘ,ｒ ＝０．９９９７ 。结论：含量测定方法简便快速,结果准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定痛风灵贴剂中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的：采用反相高效液相色谱法，测定痛风灵贴剂中盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法：色谱条件为，流动相：甲醇－ ０．４ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ 硝酸铵（５２∶４８） ，检测波长３４８ｎｍ 。结果：样品萃取回收率９９．１４ ％ ，加样回收率９８．８３％ ，日内日间ＲＳＤ％ 分别为４．２ ％（ ｎ ＝１２） 和３ ．６ ％（ ｎ ＝９） 。测定３ 批痛风灵贴剂的含量，在０．８５１５～１ ．１０３５ｍｇ·ｇ－１ 范围。结论：本文方法可用于痛风灵贴剂的质量控制     

离子对液相色谱法测定复方赖氨酸颗粒剂中维生素B1和维生素B6的含量

目的：建立ＩＰ－ ＨＰＬＣ测定复方赖氨酸颗粒剂中维生素Ｂ１ 和维生素Ｂ６ 含量的方法。方法：以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,乙腈－ 水相（ 辛烷磺酸钠０．３２ｇ,三乙胺２ｍｌ, 冰醋酸１０ｍｌ, 加水至１ ０００ｍｌ）（１３：８７） 为流动相,检测波长为２８０ｎｍ 。结果：两成分的线性关系良好;６ 次测定的平均回收率±ＲＳＤ,维生素Ｂ１ 为１００．５８ ％ ±０．５０ ％ ,维生素Ｂ６ 为９９．９８ ％±０ ．７４ ％ 。结论：本法可用于同时测定复方赖氨酸颗粒剂中维生素Ｂ１ 和维生素Ｂ６ 含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定顽痹通胶囊中士的宁的含量

目的：建立测定顽痹通胶囊中士的宁含量的高效液相色谱法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法。以ＺＯＲＢＡＸＲＸ－ ＳＩＬ（１５０ｍｍ ×４．６ｍｍ ５μｍ） 为色谱柱;流动相：正已烷－ 二氯甲烷－ 甲醇－ 浓氨水（２７０∶２７０∶２０∶１．７）;检测波长：２５４ｎｍ ;流速：１．０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１ 。结果：士的宁的加样回收率为９７．８２％ ,ＲＳＤ为１．８５％（ ｎ ＝ ５）。结论：该方法准确、灵敏度高,重现性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定磷酸苦参碱注射液中参碱的含量

目的：建立了ＨＰＬＣ法测定磷酸苦参碱注射液中苦参碱的含量。方法：以ＺＯＲＢＡＸＢ－Ｃ１８（５μｂ,４．６×２５０ｍｍ）为分析用色谱柱：以乙腈－０．１％磷酸（１９：９０）为流动相;流速：１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ;检测波长;２０２ｎｍ,柱温：４０℃;内标物为：盐酸麻磺碱,结果：磷酸苦参碱的一关系良好,测定６次加样回收率,结果平均回收率为：１００．３０％;ＲＳＤ为１．７３％。结论：实验方法简例、准确,灵敏度高,重现性好。     

青蒿素及蒿甲醚抗药性伯氏疟原虫系的培育

以伯氏疟原虫小鼠体内试验系统,采用药物剂量递增的方法培育抗青蒿素及抗蒿甲醚虫系。经连续血传80代,历时560天,其抗性指数(I_(90))分别为5.7和9.8。疟原虫对青蒿素及蒿甲醚均在培育的第10代开始出现抗性,青蒿素的 I_(90)峰值为10.0,达到峰值的代数为25代;蒿甲醚的 I_(90)峰值为11.7,达到峰值的代数为50代。在每次转种前72h分别灌胃青蒿素400mg/kg,蒿甲醚80mg/kg 可维持各自的抗性水平。但停药血传15代抗性基本消失。两抗性虫系对氯喹、伯喹及氨酚喹无交叉抗药性。     

Beagle狗肌注蒿甲醚眼底毒性研究

目的：观察长期肌注不同剂量蒿甲醚对Ｂｅａｇｌｅ 狗的眼底毒性。方法：采用Ｋｒａｗｉｔｚ 眼底镜直接观察法。结果：用Ｂｅａｇｌｅ 狗蒿甲醚６ 、１９ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ ,ｑｄ,ｉｍ ,连续１５ｄ,对眼底视盘、脉络膜色素毯及血管等均无明显影响。蒿甲醚３２ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ 组,第７ｄ给药后出现３／４ 动物死亡。对濒死动物进行眼底检查,仍未发现明显的毒性影响。其中,活存的一只动物于１５ｄ 给药后及停药后２８ｄ 眼底检查,眼底视盘、色素毯及眼底血管与给药前相似,均无异常发现,也未见眼底血管出血及渗出物。结论：与青蒿素及青蒿琥酯相比较,蒿甲醚是一种对眼和视觉系统安全性较高的青蒿素类衍生物。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).