几种维生素对噪声暴露小鼠肝脏糖原含量和GPT活性变化的影响

小鼠噪声暴露(3.5KH_z,103dB)60min时,肝糖原含量.饱食鼠噪声组显著低于对照组(P<0.01),事先腹腔注入Vit B_(12)、C各组高于噪声组(P<0.05),接近对照组(P>0.05);饥饿鼠噪声组.Vit B_(12)和C组均高于对照组(P<0.05和P<0.01)。肝GPT活性:饱食鼠噪卢组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而Vit B_(12) C和E各组与对照组无差异。饥饿鼠各组间比均无差导。说明Vit B_(12)C和E均有对抗噪声引起饱食鼠肝糖原含量下降和阻碍噪声所致饱食鼠肝GPT活性上升等作用。     

芦丁对运动条件下小鼠肝糖原和肌糖原含量的影响

目的研究芦丁在提高运动能力方面是否具有积极的作用。方法以ICR小鼠（陕西省中医药研究院提供）为研究对象,随机分组,各给药组小鼠按剂量每天灌胃。持续20天后即刻从眼眶采血,取肝脏、股四头肌,测定肝糖原、肌糖原含量指标。结果芦丁对运动相同时间小鼠身体机能有显著的增强作用。对力竭运动小鼠机体机能的恢复有显著的作用。结论芦丁对力竭运动小鼠身体机能的恢复有显著的增强作用。并可消除力竭运动时机体内产生的大量的自由基,减弱机体内的脂质过氧化作用。     

益尔力口服液对饥饿运动小鼠肝糖原含量的影响

益尔力口服液主治强力疲劳、气血虚损引起的肢体疲倦、精神不振、举动乏力。用葸酮法研究表明,其对肝糖原合成有明显促进作用,可作为扶正固本指标之一。     

黄芪多糖对遗传性糖尿病小鼠肝糖原含量的影响

目的:探讨黄芪多糖(APS)对遗传性糖尿病小鼠(KKAy)肝糖原含量及磷酸化糖原合成酶(GS)表达的影响。方法:雌性KKAy小鼠和C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为:糖尿病组(DM组,n=8)、糖尿病APS治疗组(DA组,n=8)、正常对照组(C组,n=10)和APS对照组(CA组,n=10)。APS治疗8周后观察动物一般情况、血糖和血清胰岛素水平;计算HomaIR;测定肝组织糖原含量;免疫印迹法观察磷酸化GS的表达情况。结果:DM组较C组体重、血糖、血胰岛素及HomaIR均显著升高(P<0.01);DM组肝糖原含量减少,且显著低于DA组(P<0.01);胰岛素刺激后磷酸化GS表达量:DM组高于DA组(P<0.01)和C组(P<0.01);以上结果在两对照组间无差异(P>0.05)。结论:APS能够明显降低KKAy血糖,增加肝糖原的含量,减轻肝脏胰岛素抵抗,其机制可能与减少磷酸化GS的表达,从而增加肝糖原的合成有关。     

杜仲提取物对运动后小鼠血清尿素氮、肝糖原和血乳酸含量的影响

目的:研究杜仲醇提水溶部位(DT)对小鼠运动及运动后代谢变化的影响。方法:对小鼠负重游泳时间、运动后血清尿素氮、肝糖原、血乳酸含量进行测定。结果:杜仲醇提水溶部位不影响小鼠正常体重。延长负重游泳时间、降低运动后血清尿素氮含量,增加肝糖原含量,降低血乳酸含量。结论:杜仲醇提水溶部位具有抗疲劳作用。     

妊娠妇女在不同孕期血清叶酸、维生素B_（12）的测定及临床意义

目的探讨不同孕期妊娠妇女血清叶酸（FA）和维生素B12（VitB12）水平的变化及临床意义。方法应用化学发光法对924例不同孕期的妊娠妇女进行了血清FA、VitB12的水平检测,并与85例正常妇女进行比较。结果除早孕组血清FA、VitB12水平与正常人比较无显著差别外,其余各组均有显著差异（P〈0.01）。结论中晚期妊娠妇女体内缺乏叶酸和维生素B12,应及时对她们进行补充。     

吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸酯对2型糖尿病大鼠肝糖原合成的影响

目的:探讨吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸酯(PDTC)对糖尿病大鼠肝糖原合成的影响及其机制。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为2组:正常饮食组和高脂饮食组。喂养8周后,高脂饮食组大鼠腹腔注射单剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)27 mg/kg复制2型糖尿病大鼠模型,2型糖尿病大鼠造模成功后随机分为3组:糖尿病模型组、PDTC治疗组和胰岛素治疗组。PDTC治疗组大鼠每天腹腔注射PDTC(50 mg/kg)1次;其它各组每天同一时间注射相同体积的生理盐水,胰岛素治疗组大鼠在处死前1 h腹腔注射胰岛素(1 U/kg)1次。治疗1周后尾静脉采血测定各组大鼠血糖水平,然后断头处死大鼠,测定肝组织中肝糖原的含量,采用Western blotting分析大鼠肝脏中蛋白激酶B(PKB/Akt)和糖原合成酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)磷酸化水平的变化。结果:糖尿病模型组与正常饮食组大鼠相比血糖显著升高(P0.01);肝糖原含量明显减少(P0.01);肝脏中Akt及GSK-3β磷酸化水平明显降低(P0.01)。与糖尿病模型组大鼠相比,PDTC治疗组与胰岛素治疗组大鼠肝糖原合成均显著增加(P0.01);血糖均明显降低(P0.01);肝脏中Akt和GSK-3β磷酸化水平均明显增加(P0.01)。结论:PDTC可通过调控Akt/GSK-3β活性,增加肝糖原合成,降低血糖。     

冠心病微血栓与血栓素B_2、6－酮－前列腺素F_（1α）的临床关系

对冠心病微循环中有微血栓者（１５例，简称血栓组）及无微血栓者（１４例，简称无栓组），在小剂量肝素治疗前后进行了ＴＸＢ２、６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α测定，并与３０例正常人进行对照，发现：１；冠心病者ＴＸＢ２、６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α及二者比值（Ｔ／６），均较正常人高，差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）；２．血栓组ＴＸＢ２明显升高，与无栓组差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．００１），而二组间６－Ｋ－ＰＧＦ１α及Ｔ／６无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；３．血栓组治疗后，７７．７％微血栓消失，症状缓解，心电图正常或明显好转，血中ＴＸＢ２也明显下降，与治疗前相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），而６－Ｋ－ＰＧＰ１α及Ｔ／６在治疗前后无明显差异。上述结果表明：１．冠心病微循环中微血栓的形成与其ＴＸＢ２显著升高密切相关。２．冠心病患者血中ＴＸＢ２浓度、微血栓与症状及心电图之间关系密切；小剂量肝素对血栓治疗效果明显，冠心病微血栓可作肝素治疗的明确指针。     

小鼠马桑内酯癫痫及大剂量维生素B6对抗作用的观察

对40只纯种小鼠先行制造最适剂量小鼠马桑内酯癫痫模型。另外观察注射大剂量维生素B6及注射相应生理盐水对照分组的小鼠对马桑内酯模型剂量的行为反应。结果未发现大剂量维生素B6对此型癫痫有任何作用。     

Morphological Changes in the Liver of Pregnant C57Bl/6 Mice with BCG Granulomatosis

Morphological changes in the liver of pregnant C57Bl/6 mice infected with BCG vaccine before pregnancy and on day 13 of gestation were studied by means of light microscopy and morphometry. The formation of BCG granulomas in mice of both groups was followed by a decrease in the numerical density and diameter of granulomas, increase in the volume density of hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, and rise in the numerical density of binucleate hepatocytes (compared to nonpregnant mice infected with BCG vaccine). Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Suppl. 1, pp. 83–85, 2008     

Osteoarthritic Changes of the Patellofemoral Joint in STR/OrtCrlj Mice Are the Earliest Detectable Changes and may be Caused by Internal Tibial Torsion

STR/ort mice develop a naturally occurring osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joints. However, the evaluation of early OA changes has been difficult due to variability caused by gender, individual differences, and differences between the right and left lower limbs. The objective of this study was to analyze the variability of the early OA changes with age in STR/ort mice and to identify the cause of onset. A total of 115 STR/OrtCrlj mice aged 10–45 weeks were examined. In addition to conventional radiological and histological evaluation of the knee joints, histological sections were used to examine the patellofemoral, femorotibial, and growth plate cartilage under similar conditions. A morphological evaluation of tibiae, including micro-3-dimensional computed tomography, was performed. Radiological evaluation showed OA changes in the joints of mice over 35 weeks old and histological evaluation showed early OA changes in the femorotibial joints of mice over 26 weeks old. However, these changes were not common in all individuals. In contrast, most common and reproducible OA changes were observed in the bilateral patellofemoral joints of all individuals, and even in subjects ranging from 10 to 20 weeks of age. Morphological evaluations also demonstrated an abnormal tibial internal torsion that increased with age and was associated with medial patellar dislocation. In conclusion, the earliest histological OA change was observed in the patellofemoral joint prior to similar observations in the femorotibial joint. Internal tibial torsion may be a cause of OA in the patellofemoral joints, which leads to the development of medial femorotibial OA.     

基于离子交换吸附的动态液滴荧光法用于维生素B2和B6的快速检测

目的发展一种新型的分析方法用于维生素B2和B6的联合检测.方法基于葡聚糖凝胶CM-C25对维生素B6的选择性吸附,采用液滴荧光分析方法对维生素B2和B6混合溶液进行检测.结果维生素B2和B6在浓度分别为10～10000μg/L和10～3 000μg/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限分别为5μg/L和6μg/L.该方法用于人工合成样品及复合维生素B药片中维生素B2和B6的检测,获得满意的结果.结论该方法快速、灵敏,可用于制药工业中维生素B2和B6含量的检测.     

Effect of Potassium Bromate on the Liver of Adult Male Albino Rat and A Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C: Histological,Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study

Potassium bromate (KBrO₃) is a food additive which is used primarily as a maturing agent for flour. It is proved as a toxic agent with significant reduction in the activities of antioxidant capacity. The therapeutic efficacy of vitamin C as antioxidant may provide a possible solution to KBrO₃ mediated oxidative damage. Twenty four adult male albino rats were used to evaluate the protective role of vitamin C against KBrO₃ induced hepatotoxicity and divided into four groups; Group 1 (control), Group 2: received 30 mg/Kg/day vitamin C orally for 4 weeks, Group 3: received 20 mg/Kg/dose KBrO₃ orally twice weekly for 4 weeks and Group 4: received both KBrO₃ and vitamin C. Liver specimens were processed for histological study by light and electron microscopes and stained immunohistochemically to detect glial fibriller acidic protein (GFAP). Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were estimated as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in all dissected tissues were determined. KBrO₃ induced histological alterations in the form of degeneration, cellular infiltration and significant increase in collagen deposition in portal tracts with a significant increase in immunoexpression of GFAP. Significant rise in serum levels of AST, ALT, and MDA in liver tissues were recorded. However, levels of GSH and SOD were significantly decreased. Most of these changes were improved by vitamin C treatment. In conclusion, vitamin C ameliorates the histological and biochemical alterations of the liver induced by KBrO₃. Anat Rec, 299:1256–1269, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Effect of Liver Macrophage Depression on the Development of Liver Metastases of HA-1 Tumor in Mice

Gadolinium chloride (5 mg/kg) administered to mice 24 h before intravenous transplantation of HA-1 hepatoma cells decreased the volume density of tumor implants in the liver, reduced the intensity of degenerative and necrotic changes developing under the effect of growing tumor metastases, and prolonged the life span of tumor-bearing mice. Development of metastases was not associated with changes in cathepsin B activity in the liver, while activity of cathepsin L decreased only during the early period (4 days) after injection of gadolinium chloride. Injection of gadolinium chloride led to labilization of liver cell lysosomes because of overload with gadolinium chloride particles. The positive effect of gadolinium chloride was probably associated with depression of liver macrophages at the stage of tumor cell invasion and with subsequent migration of monocytes/macrophages preventing the growth of formed metastatic nodes in the liver.     

肝X受体对获得性免疫反应及NOR-1的调节作用

肝X受体(liver X receptor,LXRs)是核受体超家族成员,能被氧化的胆固醇衍生物结合并激活,在胆固醇逆向转运中起着非常重要的作用.LXRs在人体的代谢和炎症中都有重要作用.现从获得性免疫反应中LXRs通过调控胞膜的重要组成物质-胆固醇胞内水平,从而抑制T细胞增殖的方向,在硫转移酶2B-肝X受体-膜转运体G1(SULT2B1- LXR- ABCG1)轴线上探讨LXRs对获得性免疫的调节作用,以及LXRs对神经元衍生孤核受体(NOR-1)的调控作用,以进一步认识LXRs的调控功能.     

辛伐他汀对食饵性兔动脉粥样硬化形成中血栓素、前列环素的作用及意义

目的 采用食饵性兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)模型,探讨辛伐他汀对AS形成过程中血管内皮系统及纤溶系统的作用。方法 雄性新西兰兔42只,随机分为正常对照组、AS组(高脂喂饲)和辛伐他汀组(高脂喂饲+辛伐他汀5mg/kg·d)。在实验前、造模第8及12周末分别测定主动脉AS面积、血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、血浆6-酮-前列腺素_(1α)(6-keto-PGE(1α))、血栓素B_2(TXB_2)。结果 随实验进程,AS组及辛伐他汀组TC、TG及主动脉AS面积均较正常对照组逐渐升高(P<0.01),辛伐他汀组TC、TG及主动脉AS面积低于同期AS组(P<0.05～0.01);AS组及辛伐他汀组6-keto-PGF_(1α)、TXB_2均显著低于同期正常对照组(P<0.01),但动态观察AS组及辛伐他汀组6-keto-PCF_(1α)与TXB_2无显著差异。结论辛伐他汀对血栓素及前列腺素代谢无直接作用,支持辛伐他汀保护内皮、血小板及对抗炎症作用有限,并不能完全消除AS危险因素。     

抗鼠IL－1α、IL－6单抗对狼疮倾向NZB／W F1小鼠的免疫调节研究

对狼疮倾向ＮＺＢ／ＷＦ１小鼠在４月龄时腹腔注射抗鼠ＩＬ－１α、抗ＩＬ－６单抗，每日１次１０μｇ×３ｄ，后每月１次×３次，１１月龄活杀，发现这样的剂量不能完全防治狼疮性肾炎，但可减轻蛋白尿，明显降低血清ＩＬ－１α水平，抑制腹腔巨噬细胞分泌ＩＬ－１α。对ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦ－α水平无明显影响。