脉冲电磁场对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的作用研究

目的探讨脉冲电磁场对坐骨神经损伤的作用。方法采用大鼠坐骨神经损伤动物模型,将48只SD大鼠随机分成治疗组、夹伤组、对照组,每组16只,根据实验动物的手术时间和处死取材时间的不同,组内再随机分为术后1,3,7,14d共4个时相观察点,各4只大鼠。夹伤组夹伤右侧坐骨神经,予以空白电磁场治疗(磁场强度为0);治疗组夹伤右侧坐骨神经,予以脉冲电磁场治疗;对照组不给予任何干预,保持同样饲养条件至实验结束。以坐骨神经功能指数(SFI)评定功能状况,HE染色观察组织学改变。结果治疗组SFI值与损伤组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HE染色光镜下观察,治疗组神经变性程度较损伤组严重。结论脉冲电磁场对神经损伤早期功能的恢复无明显作用,能加速损伤早期远侧神经段的Wallerian变性进程。     

神经生长因子对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的修复作用

目的：观察大鼠坐骨神经横断挫伤后,外源性神经生长因子（NGF）对大鼠周围神经损伤的修复作用。方法：采用大鼠坐骨神经横断致伤方法,实验分为：假手术组、生理盐水对照组、NGF组,每组10只,观察时间为2wk。结果：术后2wk,NGF组的体感诱发电位（SEP）、运动诱发电位（MEP）与生理盐水对照组相比,潜伏期明显缩短（P＜0．05）。经Tarlov评分,NGF组有70％可恢复到4－5分,而生理盐水对照组只有20％恢复到4－5分。结论：NGF对周围神经损伤后有促进神经传导和损伤修复的作用。     

依达拉奉对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓脂质过氧化的影响

目的:探讨自由基清除剂依达拉奉对坐骨神经损伤后神经功能及脊髓脂质过氧化反应的影响.方法:Wistar大鼠48只,随机分为3组:坐骨神经挤压伤组、依达拉奉治疗组、假手术组.分别于7、14、21、28 d检测各组大鼠坐骨神经功能指数(SFI)、脊髓内过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的变化.结果:伤后各组大鼠SFI均降低,挤压伤组大鼠SFI较依达拉奉治疗组低(P<0.05),神经功能恢复较治疗组缓慢.伤后挤压伤组大鼠脊髓内SOD活性升高,依达拉奉治疗组大鼠脊髓内SOD活性与假手术组相比升高不明显(P>0.05).伤后挤压伤组大鼠脊髓内MDA含量上升明显,依达拉奉治疗组大鼠脊髓内MDA含量在各个时间点均显著低于挤压伤组大鼠脊髓内MDA含量(P相似文献   

医用三氧对慢性坐骨神经损伤大鼠神经生长因子水平的影响

目的 探讨不同浓度医用三氧(O3)对慢性坐骨神经损伤(chronic constriction injury,CCI)大鼠神经生长因子水平的影响,为临床治疗神经病理性疼痛提供基础科学依据.方法 60只SPF级健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、CCI组和不同浓度O3(15、30和60μg/ml依序为O3-15组、O3...     

The effects of simvastatin on ischemia-reperfusion injury of sciatic nerve in adult rats

Severe ischemia to nerve results in fiber degeneration and reperfusion results in oxidative injury to endothelial cells and augments fiber degeneration. Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, the most widely used lipid-lowering drugs, have been demonstrated to play a neuroprotective role. So we evaluated the effectiveness of simvastatin in protecting sciatic nerve from ischemia-reperfusion injury using the model of experimental nerve ischemia. Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g were used. They were divided into ten groups (N=6 per group). We used ischemia model in these groups by occluding the femoral artery and vein with a silk suture 6-0 using slipknot technique. All ischemia groups were rendered in ischemic for 3 h reperfused for various times of zero (0 h), 3 h (3 hour reperfusion), 7 days (7 day reperfusion), 14 days (14 day reperfusion). Half of the groups had experimental simvastatin (1 mg/kg) i.v. injection treatment via tail vein 1 h before ischemia. The other half experienced only ischemia-reperfusion as control groups. After euthanasia, histological samples were taken from distal part of the sciatic nerve. Sections were cut at 5 microm and then were stained with H and E and modified trichrome. We used H and E stain for edema and trichrome gomori for ischemic fiber degeneration. Samples were observed to assess their fiber degeneration and edema changes. By observation the level of fiber degeneration and endoneurial edema were also decreased in these recent groups (in both ischemia and reperfusion duration). In conclusion, pre-ischemic administration of simvastatin exhibits neuroprotective properties in ischemia-reperfusion nerve injury.     

人组织激肽释放酶对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的修复作用

目的:观察人组织激肽释放酶(HTK)对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的修复效应.方法:选取36只雄性SD大鼠,重量在180～220 g之间,分离坐骨神经,造成坐骨神经挤压伤模型,然后随机均分成3组:对照组,自尾静脉每日注射生理盐水2 mL;甲强龙组(SM组),自尾静脉每日注射甲强龙30 mg/kg(稀释至2 mL);人组织激肽释放酶组(HTK组),自尾静脉每日注射HTK 17.5×10-3 PNAU/kg(稀释至2 mL)治疗.在术前及术后第1、3、5、7、9、11、13天各时间点测定坐骨神经功能指数(SFI),术后第14天取出坐骨神经干,测定动作电位传导速度(NCV).结果:三组大鼠SFI值在术后第1、3天均为-100左右.自第3天开始,HTK组和SM组SFI恢复的情况要优于对照组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在术后第14天HTK组和激素组的NCV值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:大鼠经尾静脉注射HTK,可促进坐骨神经损伤修复,神经功能恢复快.     

脊髓谷氨酸转运体1对大鼠坐骨神经慢性压迫损伤及吗啡耐受的影响

为了探讨脊髓谷氨酸转运体1 (GLT-1) 的表达量和活性状态与吗啡耐受和神经源性痛的关系,利用大鼠坐骨神经慢性压迫损伤 (CCI) 模型,以机械性缩足痛阈值 (MWT) 为评估指标,谷氨酸转运体激动剂β内酰胺类抗生素头孢曲松钠为工具药,观察对大鼠机械痛敏和吗啡耐受的影响;以实时定量PCR及Western blotting考察脊髓GLT-1表达水平的变化。结果表明,CCI大鼠在术后1周与对照组相比MWT值下降约80%;CCI大鼠单独使用吗啡产生快速耐受,给药第3天与CCI模型对照组大鼠比较MWT值已无明显差异,脊髓GLT-1表达也明显下调;单独使用头孢曲松钠对痛敏有改善作用,脊髓GLT-1表达明显上调;吗啡伴随头孢曲松钠给药组耐受速度明显减慢,给药6天后MWT值仍保持在较高水平,与CCI吗啡耐受组比较有显著性差异,GLT-1表达明显上调。因此,脊髓GLT-1活性变化与神经源性痛及吗啡耐受的形成密切相关,促进GLT-1功能可显著延缓吗啡耐受与痛敏形成。     

周络通对糖尿病大鼠周围神经形态学改变及神经生长因子含量的影响

目的观察周络通对糖尿病大鼠周围神经形态学改变及神经生长因子(NGF)含量的影响。方法采用链脲佐菌素糖尿病大鼠(STZ-D)模型,灌胃给药8周,锇酸染色观察坐骨神经形态变化,用ELISA法测定糖尿病大鼠血清中的NGF含量,用免疫组化法测定神经组织中NGF含量。结果周络通对糖尿病大鼠坐骨神经形态学改变有明显保护作用;对血清NGF含量减少有明显提高作用;对坐骨神经组织中NGF的含量虽无明显影响,但对坐骨神经轴突内NGF的减少有明显的提高作用。结论周络通对糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变具有保护作用,对血清和坐骨神经轴突内NGF的减少具有明显的提高作用。     

Injection-induced sciatic nerve injury in Nigerian children

OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study of all children with a diagnosis of sciatic nerve injury managed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria over a 12 year period was carried out in order to determine predisposing factors to the nerve injury and highlighting practical preventive measures. DESIGN: The necessary data was collected from the case files of children seen at the hospital with a diagnosis of sciatic nerve injury, from 1988 to 1999. RESULTS: There were 27 children aged five months to 12 years with a diagnosis of sciatic nerve injury. Twenty (74%) of the children were aged five years or less. While seven patients (26%) presented within two weeks of development of foot drop consequent on intramuscular (i.m.) injection given on the buttock, 20 patients (74%) presented much later. Fever was the most common complaint for which the injection had been given. The identity of the drugs given was not known in 10 patients. In the remaining 17 patients drugs administered were specified and included Chloroquine, Novalgin, Paraldehyde, Procaine penicillin, and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine. Most of the patients had received the injections in privately owned medical facilities where staff with minimal training are often allowed to administer i.m. injections. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the i.m. route for injection be strongly discouraged when a drug can be given by other routes. Only trained staff should be allowed to administer i.m. injections. Giving i.m. injections at sites other than the buttock maybe advantageous in children particularly those aged five years and below.     

脉冲电磁场物理干预治疗Ⅱ型骨质疏松症疗效研究

目的观察脉冲电磁场治疗对Ⅱ型骨质疏松患者的疗效。方法对比分析70例Ⅱ型骨质疏松患者经脉冲电磁场治疗前后骨密度变化及腰背疼痛改善的情况。结果治疗3个疗程后,72.86%患者疼痛消失,22.86%疼痛改善,4.28%疼痛无改善,总有效率为95.72%;经脉冲电磁场治疗3个疗程完成后2～6个月复查骨密度,有31例患者骨密度值明显增加(P<0.05);39例患者骨密度值无升高。结论脉冲电磁场治疗Ⅱ型骨质疏松具有较好的疗效。     

地佐辛对大鼠坐骨神经干动作电位的影响

目的 应用电生理学方法观察地佐辛(Dczocine,DZ)对大鼠离体坐骨神经干动作电位阈强度、最适强度、幅值及传导速度的影响,为探讨地佐辛对外周神经系统的作用及其机制提供理论依据.方法 将制备好的大鼠坐骨神经干置于生理盐水中浸泡10min,分别测定其神经干动作电位的阈强度、最适强度、幅值和传导速度;再将其随机分为5个实验组(n=8),分别为地佐辛0.25 mg/ml、2.5 mg/ml和5.0 mg/ml孵育组、0.25％利多卡因孵育组、5 mg/ml地佐辛+0.25％利多卡因混合孵育组,孵育20 min后分别测定其上述指标的变化;经5.0 mg/ml地佐辛孵育后的坐骨神经干再分为3组,置于3种不同浓度(0.02 mg/ml、0.2mg/ml、0.4 mg/ml)的盐酸纳洛酮溶液(Naloxone,Nal)中孵育20 min后,观察其上述指标的变化.结果 与地佐辛孵育前(生理盐水孵育)相比,0.25 mg/ml的地佐辛处理后坐骨神经干的动作电位阈强度、最适强度、幅值和传导速度的改变差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而2.5 mg/ml、5.0 mg/ml地佐辛处理坐骨神经干后,动作电位的阈强度P＜ 0.01)和最适强度显著升高(P＜0.01),幅值显著降低(P＜0.01),动作电位的传导速度显著减慢(P＜0.05,P＜0.0l).与盐酸纳洛酮处理前(地佐辛处理后)相比,0.02 mg/ml盐酸纳洛酮处理后坐骨神经干的动作电位阈强度、最适强度、幅值和传导速度的改变差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05);0.2 mg/ml和0.4 mg/ml盐酸纳洛酮处理后的坐骨神经干动作电位的阈强度、最适强度显著降低(P＜ 0.05,P＜0.01),幅值和传导速度显著提高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).与单纯0.25％利多卡因孵育组相比,5.0mg/ml地佐辛+0.25％利多卡因混合孵育组的动作电位较早消失.结论 地佐辛能降低大鼠坐骨神经干的兴奋性,减慢坐骨神经动作电位的传导,盐酸纳洛酮抑制地佐辛引起的动作电位兴奋性的降低和传导速度的减慢;地佐辛能加速利多卡因的起效时间.     

Effect of acrylamide on rotarod performance and sciatic nerve -glucuronidase activity of rats

This investigation was undertaken to determine the usefulness of the rotarod technique as an objective means of evaluating neurologic deficit in acrylamide-treated rats. A rotarod (electrorod) was constructed containing an electrode floor programmed to administer continuous shocks which discouraged the rats from voluntary jumping. When acrylamide was given ip to adult male rats at the rate of 50 mg/kg/day, the mean time for onset of toxicity was 5.5 ± 0.27 days, and the mean time for recovery was 13.6 ± 0.59 days. Adult rats were more susceptible to acrylamide induced neuropathy than young rats. The mean times for failure on the electrorod for 11 and 5 wk old rats given 50 mg/kg/day of acrylamide were 5.3 ± 0.19 and 7.3 ± 0.22 days, respectively. Administration of 50 mg/kg/day of acrylamide for 8 days resulted in significantly increased sciatic nerve β-glucuronidase activity within 2 wk and a maximum increase to 340% of control activity after 30 days. At this time, the rats had regained the ability to perform normally on the electrorod but were more susceptible to retreatment with acrylamide than previously untreated rats. The mean times for failure for retreated and previously untreated male rats given acrylamide at the same dose rate were 2.5 ± 0.22 and 4.0 ± 0.17 days, respectively. Return of β-glucuronidase activity to near normal at 90 days was associated with a return to normal resistance to acrylamide.     

鞘内注射GABA转运体-1抑制剂NO-711对神经病理痛大鼠脊髓Fos蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察脊髓水平GABA转运体-1(γ-aminobutyric acid transporter-1,GAT-1)抑制剂NO-711对坐骨神经慢性松结扎(chronic constriction injury,CCI)大鼠机械痛敏和热痛敏以及Fos蛋白表达的影响,探讨NO-711抗伤害性的可能机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠84只,随机分为4组(n=21):假手术生理盐水组、假手术抑制剂组、神经损伤生理盐水组和神经损伤抑制剂组。各组大鼠CCI前5 d进行鞘内置管,在术前测定基础机械性缩足反射阈值(mechanical withdrawal threshold,MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(thermal withdrawal laten-cy,TWL)及Fos蛋白的表达,CCI后5 d鞘内注射100μg NO-711或生理盐水,测定节扎前、给药前、给药后0.5,1,2,4和8 h大鼠MWL和TWL及Fos蛋白的表达。结果:与给药前和神经损伤生理盐水组相比,神经损伤抑制剂组大鼠在给药后机械痛敏和热痛敏以及Fos蛋白的表达均逐渐降低,并随时间的延长又逐渐恢复到给药前水平,在给药后1 h时作用最明显,并一直持续到给药后4 h...     

Up-regulation of ORL-1 receptors in spinal tissue of allodynic rats after sciatic nerve injury

Behavior during conditioned fear stress, a form of psychological stress, and the release of dopamine in the amygdala were measured over time using methamphetamine-sensitized rats, which are considered to be a model of hypersensitivity and vulnerability to emotional stress associated with stimulant-induced psychosis and schizophrenia. Dopamine release in the amygdala showed a delayed increase following completion of freezing behavior induced by conditioned fear stress regardless of the presence or absence of methamphetamine-sensitization. Since methamphetamine treatment did not lower the basal level of dopamine in the amygdala, under the conditions of this study, methamphetamine was presumed not to show neurotoxicity. On the other hand, basal dopamine levels after 15 h of repeated electric foot shock were about 40% lower than those in the control group (p<0.0002). In addition, dopamine release following conditioned fear stress in animals repeatedly treated with methamphetamine increased significantly from 40 to 100 min after conditioned fear stress while the duration of freezing behavior or latency of the appearance of grooming were not different from those in the control group. The above results suggested that delayed dopamine release in the amygdala is a phenomenon strongly associated with the emotional context of conditioned fear stress, and hypersensitivity and vulnerability to stress are at least partially involved with the overreaction to stress.     

低频脉冲电磁场治疗骨质疏松症患者的疗效观察

目的 观察低频脉冲电磁场对原发性骨质疏松症的疗效.方法 用低频脉冲电磁场治疗30例骨质疏松症患者,观察患者骨痛的缓解情况、血清骨钙素、β-Ⅰ型胶原羧基前肽水平、骨密度变化情况.结果 患者骨痛缓解率达到57.7%,治疗前后血清骨钙素、β-Ⅰ型胶原羧基前肽水平、骨密度均有显著性差异.结论 低频脉冲电磁场能有效缓解骨质疏松患者的骨痛症状,提高骨密度,是治疗原发性骨质疏松症的有效方法之一.     

阿霉素减轻坐骨神经慢性缩窄性损伤大鼠的神经病理性疼痛及其机制

目的观察阿霉素(DOX)对坐骨神经慢性缩窄性损伤(CCI)模型大鼠的镇痛作用,并从形态学及组织凋亡蛋白的角度对其机制进行分析。方法将SD大鼠随机分为4组:假手术组(Sham)、CCI模型组(Model)、假手术+阿霉素5 mg·kg^-1组(Sham+DOX)、CCI模型+阿霉素5 mg·kg^-1组(Model+DOX)。造模成功后,各组采用尾静脉注射的方式给药,Sham组和Model组给予等量生理盐水,检测各组大鼠机械痛阈值和热痛阈值。在行为学检测结束后,即手术后d 15取大鼠右侧L4-5DRG,观察DRG细胞形态、超微结构及DOX的分布情况,采用Western blot法测定DRG组织中Bax、Bcl-2、PKCɑ、PKCδ及PKCε的蛋白表达。结果静脉注射DOX可在DRG组织检测到其自发荧光表达。与Sham组相比,Sham+DOX组痛阈值在整个观察期未见差别,而Model组在术后d 7痛阈值明显降低。与Model组相比,Model+DOX组的痛阈值在给药后明显回升,并表现出DRG细胞明显损伤,Bax/Bcl-2升高以及PKCδ、PKCε的蛋白表达量降低等现象。结论 DOX静脉注射可以到达并蓄积于DRG组织,明显减轻CCI大鼠的疼痛反应,这一作用与其降低PKCδ和PKCε的蛋白表达,诱导DRG的凋亡有关。     

前列腺素E1对大鼠坐骨神经嵌压性损伤修复的影响

目的 探讨前列腺素E1(PGE1)对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达和周围神经嵌压损伤修复的影响.方法 将60只SD大鼠随机均分为生理盐水(A)组、PGE1 (B)组、正常对照(C)组.制作坐骨神经嵌压性损害的动物模型,采用免疫组化与电镜分别检测嵌压后12h、72 h及7d时大鼠背根神经节VEGF阳性神经元与嵌压后第4周大鼠背根神经节的病理变化.结果 嵌压72 h后,A、B组背根神经节VEGF阳性神经元数达到峰值,且明显大于C组(P＜0.01),B组VFGF阳性神经元数亦较A组增加(P＜0.01).嵌压后第4周,C组未见病理改变,B组电镜下病变严重程度较A组减轻.结论 PGE1可促进周围神经嵌压性损伤的修复,可能与VEGF表达的增加有关.     

氯化镁促进大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复的实验研究

目的：研究氯化镁是否对大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复具有促进作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组20只。制作1 cm坐骨神经缺损模型,分别以硅胶管桥接坐骨神经缺损,构成神经再生室。根据神经再生室中所注入介质不同分为：氯化镁组（MgCl2组）,神经生长因子组（nerve growth factor,NGF组）,0．9％氯化钠溶液组（ control group ,对照组）。于术后1、2、4、8周观察大鼠下肢溃疡、肌电图变化情况。并于12周测量大鼠小腿三头肌湿重。结果术后8周时,NGF组和MgCl2组的大鼠术侧后肢肌肉萎缩有不同程度恢复,僵直度有所减少,肢体及足趾伸展角度增大,而对照组的大鼠后肢肌肉萎缩无明显恢复。12周时,NGF组和氯化镁组大鼠的术侧肢肌肉外观饱满,僵直度进一步降低。而0．9％氯化钠溶液组大鼠术侧肢体僵硬度降低不明显。术后4周,2个实验组神经传导速度较对照组恢复较快,直到术后12周,仍保持较快的恢复速度,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）。其中NGF组恢复最快,但和MgCl2组差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）。于术后12周处死动物,取双侧小腿三头肌进行称重,发现2个实验组三头肌湿重较对照组有显著恢复。 NGF组恢复最快,但和MgCl2组差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）。MgCl2和NGF同样具有促进神经损伤修复的作用,其各项结果差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）。结论氯化镁可促进大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复。     

NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in nerve recovery after sciatic nerve injury

The activation of the inflammasome plays an important role in the central nervous system. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of inflammasome activation in the peripheral nerve, especially in the sciatic nerve, and the mechanism of this activation remains elusive. Moreover, how interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is produced after sciatic nerve injury is also unknown. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated after sciatic nerve injury and to explore its role in sciatic nerve injury. The results of immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated after sciatic nerve injury in wild-type (WT) mice, as demonstrated by upregulated inflammasome-related components, e.g., NLRP3, procaspase-1 and ASC. Furthermore, upregulated inflammasome-related components cis-cleavage precursor IL-1β (proIL-1β) and precursor interleukin-18 (proIL-18) to IL-1β and IL-18, contributing to the inflammatory response. Consequently, the inflammatory response after sciatic nerve injury in NLRP3 knockout (NLRP3-KO) mice was less severe than that in WT mice. Moreover, NLRP3-KO mice exhibited an increased sciatic functional index (SFI), which was determined by footprint analysis, suggesting that NLRP3 deficiency is beneficial to sciatic nerve recovery after injury. Therefore, our results indicate that NLRP3 is involved in the recovery from sciatic nerve injury and mediates the production of inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, after sciatic nerve injury.     

丁咯地尔对大鼠坐骨神经损害的保护作用

目的观察丁咯地尔对坐骨神经损害后恢复的影响。方法SD大鼠100只随机分为正常组、模型组、甲钴胺组(阳性对照组,104μg·kg~(-1))、丁咯地尔组(40 mg·kg~(-1))。以大鼠坐骨神经挤压伤建立动物模型,以坐骨神经传导速度、坐骨神经干病理切片(光镜、电镜)为观察指标,考察丁咯地尔对坐骨神经损害后恢复的影响。结果wk 4时甲钴胺组和丁咯地尔组均能显著增加坐骨神经传导速度,甲钴胺组与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),丁咯地尔组与模型组比较有非常显著差异(P<0.01);4 wk时丁咯地尔组和甲钴胺组髓鞘形态结构接近正常,而模型组神经髓鞘溃变程度很高。结论丁咯地尔对坐骨神经损害有确切的修复作用。