上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人群牙列缺损及修复现状调查

目的: 调查上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人群的牙列缺损、缺失情况和修复需求,为政府的口腔保健项目提供依据。方法: 对上海市嘉定区嘉定镇、安亭镇、南翔镇65~74岁老年人进行整群抽样,抽取3260人进行一般情况与口内情况调查,从牙列缺损、缺失人群中随机抽取824人,采用EpiData 3.1软件对修复需求、未修复原因和口腔修复知识进行描述性统计分析。结果: 上海市嘉定区65~74岁老年人有80.4%牙列缺损,4.8%牙列缺失。牙列缺损的修复率为60.8%,牙列缺失的修复率为91.0%。其中28.0%为固定修复,39.5%为活动修复,24.4%为固定+活动修复,8.2%为全口义齿修复。牙缺失和修复情况无性别差异（P>0.05）。未修复的首要原因为价格过高,占32%;其余依次为医院挂号困难（24%）、担心拔牙疼痛及并发症（20%）、行动不便（10%）。关于修复需求,29.7%需要种植牙,64.8%需要烤瓷牙;43.2%选择医院就诊,51.0%选择私人门诊;25.5%选择费用自付,42.2%希望部分减免费用,32.3%希望全部免费。绝大多数老年人口腔修复知识匮乏,仅有18.2%得分在3分以上,15.5%得分为0~3分,66.3%得分为0分以下。结论: 上海市嘉定区老年人缺牙和修复情况面临严重挑战,老年人口腔修复知识匮乏,需要政府加大口腔保健科普教育,投入资金,改善缺牙修复状况,提高老年人的口腔保健水平。     

绍兴市教师牙齿缺失与修复情况的初步调查

目的 了解绍兴市教师牙列缺失、牙列缺损的特点及修复状况。方法 由固定的3位口腔医生,采用统一标准,对绍兴市教师进行口腔检查。共调查2112人,其中男629人(32.39%);女1483人(67.61%)。调查结果 采用SPSS11.5软件统计分析。结果 牙列缺损、牙列缺失的总患病率为41.34%,上颌的缺牙数多于下颌,磨牙缺失率显著高于前磨牙和前牙;缺牙患病率在男女性别上差异无显著性;缺牙修复率为55.56%,固定义齿修复占55.00%。结论 应在教师中积极开展口腔健康教育,提高缺牙修复率,同时口腔医师应不断学习新知识和新技术,提高义齿修复水平。     

上海市静安区社区老年人群缺牙状况调查

目的:了解上海市静安区社区老年人牙齿缺失及修复情况。方法:采用问卷调查和口腔检查方法,抽样调查了上海市静安区973例社区65岁以上的老年人的牙齿缺失及修复情况。结果:在抽样调查的973例样本中,发现缺牙者888例,缺牙率为91.3%,人均缺牙数为10.34颗,缺牙修复率51.9%。在888例缺牙者中,牙列缺损者占78.1%,修复率为41.0%;牙列缺失者占21.9%,修复率为90.8%。男女老年人缺牙及修复状况均无显著差异。年龄高的老年人群缺牙比例高,而修复比例无显著差异。文化程度低的老年人群缺牙比例高。经济状况好的老年人群牙列缺损修复比例高。结论:社区老年人缺牙率高,修复率低。应加强关注老年人缺牙问题,采取相关措施提高修复率,从而提高老年人生活质量。     

2112例绍兴市教师缺牙及修复情况的调查分析

目的：了解绍兴市教师牙列缺失、牙列缺损的特点及修复状况。方法：由专职口腔医生,统一标准,采取一例一表制,对2112名绍兴市教师进行口腔检查。调查结果采用SPSS11.5软件统计分析。结果：牙列缺损、牙列缺失的总患病率为41.34%,缺牙均数与年龄的增长成正比;缺牙患病率在男女性别上差异无显著性;缺牙修复率为55.56%。结论：应在教师中积极开展口腔卫生保健和缺牙后修复必要性的健康教育宣传,义齿设计及制作应符合口腔健康要求。     

5000例口腔修复病例的统计分析

目的：了解近两年口腔患者牙列缺失、牙列缺损及牙体缺损的特点及修复状况。方法：对北京口腔医院近两年诊治的5000例口腔修复病例设计卡和病历进行统计分析。结果：牙体缺损,牙列缺损及牙列缺失的发病率在男女性别上差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;缺牙数目的增加与年龄的增长成正比。上颌牙缺失明显多于下颌牙;下颌第一磨牙和上颌中切牙是发生缺失的最多部位。采用国内较先进的修复手段如圆锥型套简冠义齿、精密附着体义齿等进行牙列缺损修复的病例逐年增多。结论：口腔医生要加强做好口腔卫生宣教来提高市民的口腔保健意识;口腔修复科医师应不断学习新知识,掌握新材料、新技术的应用,以满足患者高品位的要求。     

自断螺纹钉用于牙列缺隙修复的体会

自断螺纹钉一般用于修复牙体严重缺损或前牙切角缺损,用于牙列缺隙的修复少有报道。作者自2001年以来用于修复前牙列缺隙,取得满意疗效,现报道如下。1临床资料和方法1.1临床资料使用本方法修复牙列缺损26例,男17例,女9例。其中先天缺隙8例;外伤性牙缺失6例;龋损拔除者4例;其他方法修复不满意者4例;未曾修复者4例。1.2适应证和禁忌证适应证:①前牙列区缺隙不大于单个牙的缺隙(如自然缺隙、缺失,错位牙、扭转牙或畸形牙拔除后余留间隙,不同意其他方法修复者)。②双端基牙健康,无过小畸形或错位,扭转或重度磨耗。③后牙列区无严重缺损、缺失或…     

乌鲁木齐市40岁以上人失牙与修复情况调查

目的　了解乌鲁木齐市 4 0岁以上人失牙与修复情况。方法　采用整群抽样的方法对该市部分企事业单位人员进行了调查。结果　调查人数为 813例 ,失牙者为 6 76例 (失牙率为 83 15 % ) ,修复人数为 344例 (失牙修复率为 5 0 89% ) ,总失牙数为 5 72 0颗 ,人均失牙 7 0 4颗 ,总修复牙数为 35 82颗 ,占失牙总数的 6 2 6 2 %。结论　失牙率高而修复率低 ;牙列缺失修复率高于牙列缺损修复率 ;男性失牙率高于女性 ;不同职业间失牙率差别不大。     

南通市1080例老年干部牙列缺损及修复情况的调查

目的 了解南通市1080例老年干部牙列缺损及修复情况。方法 对1 080例老年干部进行问诊及口腔检查。结果1 080例老年干部中缺牙者939例,患病率86.94％。缺牙修复者509例,修复率54.21％,其中不良修复体149例,占29.27％。结论 牙列缺损患病率高,患者修复率低,且义齿合格率也低。因而要及时修复缺牙,修复体要适应老年人的生理、心理特点。     

张家口市1678例老年人牙齿缺失与修复的调查分析

牙齿缺损是老年人常见的口腔疾患。为了解塞外山区老年人牙齿缺失与修复情况 ,作者对张家口市 6 0岁以上老年人进行了随机抽样调查 ,分析报道如下。结　　果1 缺牙情况　不同职业牙齿缺失及修复情况见表 1。本组病例均以每人 2 8个牙齿统计 ,共调查 1678例 ,其中男 972例 (5 7 93 % ) ,女 70 6例 (42 0 7% )。在 1678例受检病人中 ,缺牙率占 90 76%。共缺失牙齿 2 3 2 11个 ,占应有牙总数(46984)的 49 40 %。部分缺牙与全口缺牙例数之比为 8 9∶1,缺失牙数之比为 3 9∶1。在 15 2 3例牙齿缺失中 ,上龈 43 1例 (2 8 3 0 % ) ,下颌 2 5 6例…     

门诊986例老年人牙齿缺失及修复情况调查分析

目的调查老年人牙齿缺失、修复状况、义齿质量和基牙情况。方法由固定的2位医生,统一标准,对门诊986例老年患者进行问卷调查。结果缺牙率为93.5%。女性组缺牙率(95.6%)与男性组(92.0%)有显著性差异(P<0.05)。缺牙修复率为60.3%。修复率与年龄成正相关。覆盖义齿的根面龋、牙龈炎发病率分别为27.3%和38.4%。结论应提高老年人口腔卫生与保健意识,修复设计应符合老年人缺牙特点。     

辽宁省中年和老年人缺牙及义齿修复情况调查分析

目的了解辽宁省中年和老年人缺牙及义齿修复情况。方法根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对辽宁省城市和农村地区35～44岁和65～74岁年龄段的1 584人的缺牙和义齿修复情况进行调查,并采用SPSS11.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果在1 584个受检者中,牙列缺损887人（ 56.00%）,牙列缺失104人（ 6.57%）,牙列完整593人（ 37.44%）;失牙6 776颗,失牙均数为4.28颗,上下颌缺牙数分别为3 550颗和3 226颗;义齿修复率为52.77%。结论应重视中老年人尤其是农村地区中老年人的口腔健康状况,加大力度作好龋病和牙周病的防治工作,以促进中老年人的口腔健康,提高其生活质量。     

Restorative treatment pattern and longevity of amalgam restorations in Denmark

A survey has been made of the reasons for placement and replacement of 6052 amalgam restorations in Denmark. In patients more than 16 years of age 48% of all restorations were made because of primary caries, and 52% were replacements of failed restorations. In primary teeth 64% and in permanent teeth of children 83% of the restorations were made because of primary caries. The reasons for replacement of restorations were dependent on dentition, age of the patient, and type of restoration. Secondary caries was the most frequent reason for replacement of failed restorations in permanent teeth, comprising a third of all replacements. Marginal discrepancies and bulk fracture of fillings were the other two major reasons. In primary teeth fracture and loss of fillings were the two major reasons for replacement of amalgam restorations, whereas secondary caries caused less than a quarter of all restorations to be replaced. The age of the restorations replaced ranged from 0 to 38 years, and half of the restorations replaced in permanent teeth of adults were less than 7 years old. A shorter longevity of failed restorations was noted in primary teeth and permanent teeth of children.     

Effect of premature loss of deciduous canines and molars on malocclusion of the permanent dentition.

The effect of the premature loss of deciduous canines and first and second molars on malocclusion of the permanent dentition was studied in 255 schoolchildren 11 years of age or older at the most recent examination of the permanent dentition. Malocclusion was evaluated by scoring malalignment (major and minor) and measurement of crowding in the anterior teeth. Children who had a premature loss of one or more canines or molars had a higher frequency of receiving orthodontic treatment of one type or another for the permanent dentition. The likelihood of need of treatment increased with the number of prematurely lost teeth. Children who had lost one or more deciduous teeth through age 9 had a greater than threefold increase in the frequency of orthodontic treatment relative to the control. Of those who did not receive orthodontic treatment, there was no detectable relationship of the premature loss of canines with the malalignment of permanent teeth. However, there was a significant effect of the premature extraction of molars on malalignment especially major malalignment of permanent teeth. No differences were noted in their effects between the first and second deciduous molars. Crowding of the anterior teeth was directly affected by the premature loss of deciduous canines.     

The research and analysis on the fused primary teeth regarding to the permantent dental dentition-10 years follow up]

36 cases with unilateral mandibular fused primary teeth have been followed up and analysed for 10 years.The result showed that the fused primary teeth obviously affect the secondary permanent teeth and permanent dental dentition.In this series,there was one secondary permanent tooth lost in all of 19 cases.The secondary permanent tooth was also fused tooth in 3 cases.The length of permanent dental dentition and the width of dentition in front of the second cuspids in the cases with one secondary permanent tooth lost were extremely shorter than that in the cases with secondary permanent teeth.In addition,the mandibular dental dentitions were towards the fused teeth side.Comparing to the synonymic teeth,the mesial and distal steps and the height of secondary permanent teeth of fused primary teeth were no difference from normal side.     

Evaluation of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment restorations and sealants under field conditions.

Conventional restorative procedures require the use of dental materials, expensive equipment, instruments and electricity. This makes dental restorations costly and limits the availability and accessibility of the service to areas where these facilities are available. The new philosophy of restorative care requires minimal intervention and advocates early interception of the caries process through the use of glass-ionomers as sealants and as restorations. This new approach makes dental care accessible to all members of society in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) restorations and sealants under field conditions. Both were assessed for their retentive properties and the development of secondary caries adjacent to the procedures. A longitudinal study design was followed. ART restorations and sealants were assessed at intervals of 6 and 12 months. After 12 months 56.5% of ART restorations were still present in the primary dentition and 84% in the permanent dentition. Of these 85.1% had no defects in the primary and 78.6% no defects in the permanent teeth. 72.3% of primary and 92% of permanent teeth on which ART restorations were placed had no caries after 1 year. Even though most of the sealants were absent due to poor retention after 12 months (89.6%), 98.9% of the teeth where the sealant was initially placed had no caries. Only 6.3% of sealants present had marginal defects. The ART technique is strongly recommended for the management of small, occlusal carious lesions in primary and permanent teeth.     

The prescription and relative outcomes of different materials used in general dental practice in the north west region of England to restore the primary dentition

OBJECTIVE: To identify the type of restorative materials used in general dental practice and their effects on the outcomes of restorative treatment of primary teeth. METHOD: The study involved a retrospective investigation of case notes of 677 child patients of 50 general dental practitioners (GDPs) in the northwest of England. The history of dental care received by each child during the primary dentition period was recorded. The type of restorative material used and the number of times that each tooth was restored were recorded. The proportion of primary teeth that were extracted due to pain or sepsis was calculated according to whether they were filled by amalgam or glass ionomer, or were left unfilled. RESULTS: Of the treated teeth, 61% of first and 55% of second primary molars were restored with glass ionomer. Some 27.4% of first molars restored with amalgam required repeat restorations, compared with 42.5% of those filled with glass ionomer. The difference was highly significant (p<0.001). For all primary molar teeth, there was no difference in the proportion of extractions, according to the type of restorative material used or if carious teeth were left unrestored. CONCLUSIONS: In the hands of GDPs, glass ionomer restorations are used most commonly and are significantly more likely to require replacement than amalgam restorations. The type of restorative material used had no influence on outcomes.     

The post-amalgam era: a selection of materials and their longevity in the primary and young permanent dentitions

Summary. Objectives. During the last decade there has been a rapid change in the selection of dental restorative materials as the use of amalgam has decreased. The aim of this study was to obtain information on children's restorative dental care in Finland and to analyse the longevity of failed restorations. Design. A random sample of public dental health care centres was drawn from the registers and the dentists working there were asked to record information for each restoration they placed during a three‐day period. The survey data comprised a total of 2186 restorations in patients younger than 17 years. Results. Of the children in need of restorative treatment, only a few had previous amalgam restorations. Primary caries was the main reason for restorative treatment in both primary and permanent dentitions (80% and 83%, respectively). In primary teeth, the most common restorative material was resin‐modified glass ionomer cement (57·4%), whereas in permanent teeth, composite resin dominated (58·7%). Amalgam was not used at all in the primary dentition and in only 0·6% of permanent teeth. Eighteen per cent of treatments in primary and 12% in permanent teeth were replacements of previous fillings. The mean age of failed glass ionomer restorations was 2·8 years (n = 101) in the primary dentition, and 3·5 years (n = 54) in the permanent dentition. Conclusions. Until better restorative materials are developed, more attention should be paid to the prevention of dental caries as well as to the proper handling of alternative materials.     

Periodontal aspects of restorative dentistry

Current trends in periodontal aspects of restorative dentistry are: (1) Supragingival placement of margins of restorations. (2) Avoidance of overcontoured restoration, and minimal concern with lack of contour. (3) Search for occlusal stability or self-limited movement patterns of teeth through precise occlusal adjustment and accurate reconstruction of occlusal anatomy in single restorations. (4) Restricted indications for splinting of mobile teeth. (5) Hemisection with fixed bridges in cases of extensive bifurcation involvement. (6) Restricted indications for replacement of lost molars. The purpose of restorative dentistry is to restore and maintain health and functional comfort of the natural dentition combined with satisfactory aesthetic appearance. Thus, all dental restorations should comply with established requirements for periodontal physiology and health, both with regard to surface and functional characteristics.     

胶东农村中老年人缺牙及修复情况初步调查

目的:了解山东省胶东地区农村中老年人的缺牙及修复情况,为口腔疾病防的防治提供参考.方法:采用多阶段、分层、随机抽样的方法,调查山东省胶东地区农村45岁以上的中老年人的缺牙及义齿修复情况,并采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析.结果:在355例受检者中,牙列完整94例,牙列缺损228例,牙列缺失36例,全口无牙33...     

Placement and longevity of tooth-colored restorations in Denmark

A survey has been made of the use of materials and the reasons for placement of 2542 tooth-colored restorations in Denmark. In adults 38% of all the restorations were inserted because of primary caries, and 62% were replacements of failed restorations. In children primary caries was the reason for placing 68% of the restorations in deciduous teeth and 77% of those in permanent teeth. Resin-based materials were the most frequently used tooth-colored restorative, except in the treatment of deciduous teeth, for which glass ionomer cement was used preferentially. Silicate cement was used for less than 2% of the tooth-colored restorations, and the few old silicate cement restorations were most often replaced with resin materials. The reasons for replacement of resin restorations were dependent on dentition, age of the patient, and type of restoration. Secondary caries, fracture of restoration, and loss of fillings were the most frequently recorded failures. The age of the resin restorations replaced ranged from 0 to 19 years, and half of the failed restorations in adults were more than 6 years old. In permanent teeth in children half of the failed resin restorations were replaced within 2 years, whereas half of those in primary teeth were replaced within 1 year.