羟基磷灰石表面修饰的人工角膜钛支架体外生物相容性研究

目的采用细胞培养法观察人工角膜纯钛支架经羟基磷灰石(HA)表面修饰后,其生物相容性是否增加。方法采用第4～6代兔角膜基质成纤维细胞直接接种于HA-Ti、Ti及盖玻片表面,培养3、24、48、72h后,用丫啶橙染色法观察材料表面细胞的黏附、伸展和增殖情况,在扫描电子显微镜下观察材料表面的细胞形态及细胞外基质产生情况。结果细胞接种3、24、48、72h后,HA-Ti表面的活细胞数多于其他材料表面(P0.05)。细胞接种3h,细胞扩展面积:HA-Ti盖玻片Ti。48h后扫描电子显微镜观察发现HA-Ti表面的细胞扩展面积最大,细胞张力丝最长。72h后,HA-Ti表面完全被胶原覆盖。结论HA表面修饰增加了人工角膜纯Ti支架的生物活性。     

羟基磷灰石表面修饰人工角膜钛支架的体内生物相容性

背景：纯钛人工角膜支架在临床应用中的并发症发生率较高,因此寻找一种生物相容性高的人工角膜支架材料一直是国内外研究的重点和热点。目的：观察羟基磷灰石表面修饰人工角膜钛支架的体内生物相容性。方法：取新西兰白兔27只,制作右眼角膜碱烧伤模型,造模后立即均分为3组,实验组右眼植入经过羟基磷灰石表面修饰的人工角膜钛支架,对照组右眼植入人工角膜钛支架,空白对照组右眼仅制备囊袋而不植入支架。术后2,4,16周取兔右眼角膜组织,进行病理组织学观察及扫描电镜观察。结果与结论：术后16周,3组间炎性细胞与纤维细胞数量比较差异均无显著性意义。随着时间的延长,实验组角膜组织逐渐增多,纤维组织逐渐增厚,细胞外基质附着逐渐增加,角膜组织贴附密集度、细胞外基质附着密集度及组织愈合度均优于对照组及空白对照组。表明羟基磷灰石表面修饰人工角膜钛支架具有良好的生物相容性,可有效促进角膜细胞增生,有利于角膜血管化。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

人工血管材料生物相容性和血液相容性的研究与分析☆

背景：随着生物医学工程学和生物材料学的发展,人工血管的研究得到广泛的应用,人工血管材料得到不断更新,如何提高血管的通畅性和人工血管材料的相容性是在近年来人工血管研究的重点。 目的：利用CNKI数据库文献检索和深度分析功能,对于人工血管材料学研究的文献资料趋势进行多层次探讨分析。 设计：文献计量学分析。 资料提取：以电子检索方式对CNKI数据库2002-01/2011-12有关人工血管材料学研究的文献进行分析,采用检索词为“人工血管(Artificial blood vessels);生物材料(Biomaterials)”,对检索的相关文献运用数据库中自带的分析功能和Excel软件绘制图表的功能进行分析,通过文字和图表的形式将统计和计量数据分析,描述其分布特征。 入选标准：纳入标准：①与人工血管材料相关的基础研究论文。②与人工血管材料临床应用相关的论文。排除标准：①与文章目的无关的文献。②重复研究的文献。③刊社信息。④未发表的文章。⑤需电话追踪和手工检索逐一分析的文章。⑥年鉴。 主要数据判定指标：以CNKI数据库学术期刊文献出版时间、文献数量、学科类别、研究机构、来源期刊、文献被引频次、文献下载频次、关联文献、作者分布、基金资助情况和主要关键词进行相关分析。并对CNKI数据库中博士学位论文、优秀硕士学位论文、专利技术和重要会议论文进行分析。 结果：在CNKI数据库学术期刊收录2002/2011的文献中,共检索到122篇与人工血管材料学研究相关的文献。文献数量产出趋于上升趋势,2008年文献产出数量最多共17篇;《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》杂志发表文献量最多为27篇,占全部文献的22.1%;人工血管材料学研究基金资助以国家自然科学基金项目为主,共发表文献30篇;人工血管材料学研究以聚氨酯的研究为主,突出材料学生物相容性和血液相容性的研究。 结论：通过文献计量学方法对CNKI数据库学术期刊关于人工血管材料的文献进行分析,可为中国从事人工血管材料学基础研究和临床实施的医务工作者进一步确定科研思路提供有价值的参考。     

复合活性羟基磷灰石陶瓷的研制及其生物相容性研究

对自行研制出的复合活性羟基磷灰石陶瓷粉，经过体外实验、动物实验、并结合电镜观察，。表明该材料是一种无毒、无溶血性、对皮肤及肌肉无刺激作用、不含热原物质的生物医用材料，在动物体内不引起排异反应，在骨创面可诱导新骨形成。说明该材料具有良好的生?相容性，可应用于临床。     

UV改性人工心瓣材料的生物相容性研究

通过体内实验的方法 ,应用酶组织化学技术对 U V改性后心瓣材料涤纶 (Dacron)和未改性的材料周围组织中的碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶和辅酶 I黄递酶活性进行测定 ,评价改性后材料的生物相容性。结果表明两种材料周围组织中几种酶的活性无差异 ,表明改性后材料仍具有优良的生物相容性     

人工材料与人工脏器的生物相容性

目前临床上使用的许多装置都是用金属、玻璃、陶瓷和高分子等材料制作的,现在一般把这些医用材料统称为“生物材料”(Biomaterial)。研究这些材料,首先遇到的问题是如何快速、准确地评价材料的生物相容性,这对于研究新生物材料和加快研究周期将起着重要的作用。但只有少数体外试验能对表面进行很好的表征,并与体内试验结果有相关性。因此,本文结合作者的研究工作,简要介绍生物材料与血液的生物相容性以及生物相容性的评价方法。     

羟基磷灰石涂层与骨组织界面生物相容性与毒理学研究

依据卫生部新近制定的《生物材料和制品的生物学评价标准》(简称《标准》),确定五项评价项目,按照标准的生物学试验方法,对目前临床应用的羟基磷灰石制品进行系统研究。结果表明：国产羟基磷灰石制品除有轻微细胞毒性外,其致敏性、溶血性、致突变性和组织相容性均符合《标准》要求,临床应用安全。     

复合水凝胶人工角膜裙边支架材料的生物相容性评价

背景：β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶具有高含水量、良好柔软性优点,有利于成纤细胞生长及胶原沉积,适用于做人工角膜裙边支架材料。 目的：评价β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶人工角膜裙边支架材料的生物相容性。 方法：①迟发型超敏反应：在豚鼠脊柱两侧皮内由头到尾分别注射A液(完全弗氏佐剂与生理盐水等体积混合液)、B液(β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶浸提液或生理盐水或2-巯基苯并噻唑)、C液(A液与B液等体积混合稳定性乳化剂),并进行局部诱导及激发。②急性全身性毒性实验：由昆明小鼠尾静脉分别注射生理盐水与β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶浸提液。③体外细胞毒性实验：分别以β-磷酸三 钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶浸提液、细胞培养液及含苯酚的细胞培养液培养MRC-5细胞。④皮内反应：在兔脊柱皮内分别注射β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶生理盐水(或芝麻油)浸提液、生理盐水及芝麻油。 结果与结论：β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶人工角膜裙边支架材料的迟发型超敏反应分级为0-1级,急性全身毒性实验结果为正常无症状,体外细胞毒性均为0级或1级,皮内反应为极轻微。表明β-磷酸三钙/聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶人工角膜裙边支架材料生物相容性指标达到生物植入医用材料的要求。     

新型角膜支架材料的制备及生物相容性研究

首先合成了一种新型可降解的三乙烯基交联剂,并以偶氮二异丁氰(A IBN)为引发剂与乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)通过自由基聚合制备了一种新型的交联NVP角膜支架材料。对材料的吸水率、接触角和降解性能进行了测定,通过体内埋植实验和细胞培养对材料进行了生物相容性评价。结果表明材料的吸水率达到104%,接触角为41,°降解速率较为恒定;体内埋植实验研究表明,3个月后,材料已大部分降解,材料内出现胶原和角膜基质细胞,周围组织无明显的炎症反应;细胞培养实验表明,角膜上皮细胞在材料上可以较好的生长,没有明显的细胞毒性,具有良好的生物相容性,这种合成的新型交联NVP角膜支架材料将在角膜组织工程中具有潜在的应用价值。     

纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体的生物相容性

背景：有关纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体材料生物相容性的报道较少。 目的：检测纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体材料的体外生物相容性。 方法：采用溶胶凝胶技术分别制备羟基磷灰石与纳米含氟羟基磷灰石。①溶血性实验：在0.2 mL稀释兔抗凝血中分别加入0.01,0.15,0.2 g/L纳米含氟羟基磷灰石溶液、生理盐水及蒸馏水各10 mL,检测各组上清液吸光度值。②体外细胞毒性实验：分别以100%,50%纳米含氟羟基磷灰石浸提液、100%羟基磷灰石浸提液、苯酚溶液及RPMI1640培养液培养传至第2代的L929细胞,MTT法检测培养2,4,7 d的吸光度值。 结果与结论：体外溶血性实验显示,各浓度梯度纳米含氟羟基磷灰石的溶血率均在5%以内,符合医用材料的溶血要求。体外细胞毒性实验显示,随着培养时间的增加,100%,50%纳米含氟羟基磷灰石浸提液组细胞贴壁覆盖率增加,细胞密度增高,细胞为长梭形或多角形,细胞增殖及形态与RPMI1640培养液组、羟基磷灰石组无明显差别,细胞毒性为0级。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

Surface modification of collagen-based artificial cornea for reduced endothelialization

Our objective was to develop collagen-based hydrogels as tissue substitutes for corneal transplantation. The design of the full-thickness corneal grafts includes prevention of cell migration onto the posterior surface of the implants, using a plasma-assisted surface modification technique. Briefly, the hydrogel materials were subjected to ammonia plasma functionalization followed by grafting of alginate macromolecules to the target surface. The treated materials surfaces showed observable decreases in endothelial cell attachment. The decrease in cell attachment and adhesion was dependant upon the concentration of alginate and plasma radio frequency (RF) power. High concentrations of alginate 5% (w/v) and high RF power of 100 W produced surfaces with minimal cell attachment. The plasma-alginate treatment did not adversely affect the optical or swelling properties of the constructs. Contact angle measurement analysis revealed that the posterior surface hydrophilicity significantly increased after the treatment. The grafting of alginate to the implants surfaces was confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Both of the untreated and alginate grafted corneal materials were found to be superior to human cornea in optical and swelling properties.     

硅烷偶联剂对纯钛表面改性及细胞相容性的影响

背景：目前国内将硅烷偶联用于金属表面预处理的报道较少。 目的：对NaOH碱处理的钛片行硅烷化改性,观察硅烷膜的表面形貌与结构特征及细胞相容性。 方法：对制得的纯钛试件行NaOH碱处理,然后分别以8%,15%,33%浓度的KH-550硅烷偶联剂进行改性处理,以纯钛片和碱处理的钛片为对照组,采用扫描电镜观察改性处理钛片表面微观形貌,采用能谱仪分析改性处理钛片表面的成分。将纯钛片、碱处理的钛片及不同浓度KH-550硅烷偶联剂改性处理的钛片分别与犬骨髓间充质干细胞共培养,观察材料表面细胞的形态及黏附。 结果与结论：硅烷膜由许多呈脑浆状的小片构成,排列紧密,主要由C、N、O、Si等元素组成。当硅烷溶液浓度为8%时,钛表面难以形成较完整的硅烷膜;当硅烷溶液浓度为15%时,钛表面形成的硅烷膜表面较8%浓度组钛表面相对较完整,但可仍见有较多裂纹,难以形成致密的硅烷膜;当硅烷溶液浓度为33%时,纯钛表面能形成致密的硅烷膜。犬骨髓间充质干细胞在33%浓度硅烷膜处理后钛基体上的黏附情况明显优于纯钛、碱处理钛片及8%,15%浓度硅烷膜处理后的钛片。说明33%硅烷化改性纯钛表面硅烷膜较完整,并且具有良好的生物相容性,可促进骨髓间质干细胞在活性层表面的黏附。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

可降解血管支架材料的表面性能及生物相容性

BACKGROUND: Biodegradable stent implantation is a commonly used method in the clinical treatment of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, the corresponding stent should have good surface properties and biocompatibility. OBJECTIVE: To observe the surface properties of the biodegradable vascular stent material, and to analyze its biocompatibility. METHODS: Artificial plasma was prepared for soaking the biodegradable magnesium alloy stent, and the corrosion of the material was observed by scanning electron microscope. Stent extraction solution was prepared and cytotoxicity test was carried out to observe the toxicity level of human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured in the culture medium. Platelet adhesion test and hemolysis test were performed to detect cell and blood compatibility of the material. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After the 10-day immersion in artificial plasma, the material was scanned and a uniform corrosion layer was found on the surface of the material. During the drying of the material, some cracks appeared on the corrosion layer. After the corrosion products were removed, there were corrosion pits uniformly distributed on the corrosion surface of the material. In the cytotoxicity test, there were no absorbance values in the positive control group, and almost all of the cells died. After cultured in the material extraction, the toxicity level of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was graded 0 or 1. In the adhesion test, platelets on the stent surface were mostly disk-shaped under scanning electron microscope, some of which were deformed and extended pseudopodia, but no platelet aggregation occurred. The hemolysis rate of the material was 3.15%, in accordance with the requirement of the hemolytic rate < 5%. These experimental results show that the biodegradable magnesium alloy stent material has good corrosion resistance and good cell and blood compatibility, which can meet the demand of clinical application.      

人工膝关节常用假体材料及其生物相容性

背景：理想的假体材料对人工膝关节的功能、预后至关重要。 目的：评价各种人工膝关节生物材料的性能、应用及其生物相容性,寻找合理的膝关节替代物。 方法：采用电子检索的方式,在万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/)中检索1999-01/2009-12有关生物材料应用于人工膝关节的研究文章,关键词为“组织工程,人工膝关节,生物材料”。排除重复研究、普通综述或Meta分析类文章,筛选纳入17篇文献进行评价。 结果与结论：传统的金属和骨水泥材料仍广泛运用于人工膝关节假体中,随着医学和组织工程技术的发展,各种合成生物材料相继出现。近来出现了生物相容性较好的生物陶瓷及高分子复合材料,但存在易磨损的缺点,改进上述材料的缺点,寻求理想的人工膝关节假体材料是当前生物医学工程研究的热点之一。虽然传统的金属、骨水泥、生物陶瓷及高分子复合材料均在临床上大量应用于人工膝关节,但由于其存在各自不可避免的缺点,理想的人工膝关节假体材料仍需进一步开发。     

Nucleation and growth of apatite on NaOH-treated PEEK, HDPE and UHMWPE for artificial cornea materials

The skirt of an artificial cornea must integrate the implant to the host sclera, a major failure of present devices. Thus, it is highly desirable to encourage the metabolic activity of the cornea by using more bioactive, flexible skirt materials. Here we describe attempts to increase the bioactivity of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) films. The effectiveness of different strength NaOH pre-treatments to initiate apatite deposition on PEEK, HDPE and UHMWPE is investigated. We find that exposure of PEEK, HDPE and UHMWPE films to NaOH solutions induces the formation of potential nuclei for apatite (calcium phosphate), from which the growth of an apatite coating is stimulated when subsequently immersing the polymer films in 1.5 strength Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). As immersion time in SBF increases, further nucleation and growth produces a thicker and more compact apatite coating that can be expected to be highly bioactive. Interestingly, the apatite growth is found to also be dependent on both the concentration of NaOH solution and the structure of the polymer surface.     

人工气管组分材料的生物相容性动物实验

目的 对制作人工气管的相关组分材料进行生物相容性评价.方法 皮肤致敏实验:雄性豚鼠分5组(n=8),纳米碳纤维组、胶原蛋白-羟基磷灰石组、混合材料组、阳性对照组(甲醛)和阴性对照组(生理盐水),观察各组的材料浸渍液是否引起豚鼠皮肤过敏反应.热原实验:新西兰兔分4组(n=3),纳米碳纤维组、胶原蛋白-羟基磷灰石组、混合材料组和阴性对照组(生理盐水),观察各组的材料浸渍液是否含有热原物质.以及通过溶血实验观察各组的材料浸渍液对兔血细胞溶血率的影响.结果 本实验涉及的生物材料致敏率均为0,与阴性对照组的皮肤致敏反应差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).各材料组动物注射材料浸渍液后体温升高分别为(0.3±0.2)、(0.2±0.1)、(0.3±0.2)℃,均在0.6℃以下,且升高总数均在1.4℃以下.各组浸渍液溶血率分别为(0.130 1±0.000 4)%、(0.200 4±0.000 4)%、(0.150 2±0.000 4)%,均<5%.结论 人工气管的组分材料均符合生物相容性评价实验的安全标准,可为建立进一步动物实验模型提供相关依据.     

Microwave plasma surface modification of silicone elastomer with allylamine for improvement of biocompatibility

The microwave plasma surface modification of silicone elastomer with allylamine was studied to improve the biocompatibility of the material. An effort was made to clarify the relationships among plasma conditions and surface chemical composition, physical surface properties and biocompatibility of material, as well as the stability of plasma deposited layers. ATR-IR, XPS, Ellipsometry measurements, and contact angle measurements were used to investigate the changes of surface. The stability of plasma-treated silicone surfaces were also studied. The results demonstrated that the temperature and pressure had a strong influence on the chemical composition and structure of surface-deposited layer. The layer was nearly completely crosslinking when the modification was carried out at 60 degrees C. The polymerization speed decreased linearly with temperature. The XPS analysis results showed that the nitrogen element content in the surface layer was very high, especially under low pressure. The nitrogen/carbon ratio in the layer even greatly surpassed that of the allylamine monomer. The wettability of the silicone surface was greatly improved after plasma modification, and increased with the quantities of amine groups. The plasma-treated surfaces have good storage stability in air up to 3 months. The wettability of the surfaces decreased incipiently and then it dramatically increased with further time. The human skin fibroblasts were used to evaluate biocompatibility of plasma-treated silicone elastomer. The surface biocompatibility was greatly improved after modification; human skin fibroblasts adhered quickly and grew well on the modified silicone surface.     

金纳米棒的表面改性及生物相容性

背景：金纳米棒制备过程中加入的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵可促进棒状金纳米颗粒的形成,保证金纳米棒良好的分散性,但也会产生一定毒性。 目的：评价表面修饰后金纳米棒的生物相容性。 方法：运用种子介导生长法制备金纳米棒,以改良后的奥伯法对其表面进行二氧化硅修饰,采用紫外分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对其进行表征,将修饰后的金纳米棒配制成不同浓度(60,45,30,15 μmol/L),分别与肝癌bel-7402细胞及胃癌MGC-803细胞孵育,采用CCK-8法检测细胞相对增殖率,细胞毒性级别。 结果与结论：表面修饰后的金纳米棒分散性好,其特殊的光学性质未有改变,分别在500,825 nm处有强吸收峰。不同浓度金纳米棒处理后,肝癌bel-7402细胞的相对增殖率在95%-100%之间,胃癌MGC-803细胞的相对增殖率在99%-103%之间,两组细胞的毒性评级均为0级或1级,无细胞毒性。表明经二氧化硅表面修饰后的金纳米棒具有良好的生物相容性。     

The surface modification of silver nanoparticles by phosphoryl disulfides for improved biocompatibility and intracellular uptake

In order to enhance the biocompatibility and cell affinity of metal nanoparticles for biosensing and drug delivering applications, we prepared the phospholipid derivatives containing disulfide groups to modify silver nanoparticle surfaces. By adding sodium borohydride to reduce both disulfide bonds of the derivatives and silver ions simultaneously, the generated thiol groups can be reacted with newborn silver atoms immediately to generate nanoclusters. The assemblies consisted of either phosphorylcholine (PC) or phosphorylethanolamine (PE) head groups, which made the silver clusters biocompatibile. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and optical absorption spectra assisted in modulating reaction conditions, demonstrating that a surfactant/Ag ratio of 0.4 led to the formation of uniform, well-dispersed spherical particles about 3.8 nm in diameter. X-ray photoelectron spectra and infrared spectra also illustrated the elemental and molecular structures of nanoparticles. The insertion of rhodamine dye into the surfactant layer enabled the nanoparticles to be used as a fluorescent probe. In cell culture tests, the nanoparticles were internalized into platelet or fibroblast cells in a short period of incubation without harming the cells.