胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角及差值与前交叉韧带损伤的相关性

背景：相关研究表明前交叉韧带的损伤可能与胫骨近端解剖学形态有关,而胫骨平台后倾角作为膝关节的解剖因素之一,有关其与前交叉韧带损伤相关性的研究成为热点。目的：分析胫骨平台内、外侧后倾角大小及其差值与前交叉韧带损伤的相关性。方法：回顾性分析成都市第二人民医院314例患者的膝关节MRI影像,根据前交叉韧带影像学表现分为正常组123例、前交叉韧带部分损伤组107例、前交叉韧带完全损伤组84例,测量3组之间胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角及两者差值,分析前交叉韧带损伤的影响因素。结果与结论：(1)314例患者中,男性与女性间胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角及其差值比较差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05);(2)前交叉韧带部分损伤组与前交叉韧带完全损伤组胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角均大于正常组(P <0.05),3组间胫骨内、外侧平台后倾角差值比较差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05);(3)二分类logistic回归分析表明,胫骨内侧平台后倾角是前交叉韧带损伤的独立危险因素(P <0.05);ROC曲线表明,内胫骨侧平台后倾角对前交叉韧带损伤的诊断阈值为10.50°,曲线下面积AUC=0.676[95%...     

前交叉韧带撕脱骨折与胫骨平台后侧骨损伤的相关性研究

目的探讨前交叉韧带(ACL)撕脱骨折与胫骨平台后侧骨损伤的相关性。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年12月我院收治的36例急性ACL撕脱骨折患者和22例急性后交叉韧带(PCL)撕脱骨折患者的临床资料。通过查体、辅助检查,计算ACL撕脱骨折患者和PCL撕脱骨折患者胫骨平台后侧骨损伤的发生率。应用单因素Logistic回归法评估ACL撕脱骨折与胫骨平台后侧骨损伤的相关性。结果ACL撕脱骨折的36例患者中,胫骨平台后侧骨损伤发生率为88.89%(32/36);PCL撕脱骨折的22例患者中,胫骨平台后侧骨损伤发生率为31.81%(7/22),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.19,P=0.001)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,ACL撕脱骨折与胫骨平台后侧骨损伤具有相关性(OR=17.1,95%CI=4.34~67.67)。结论ACL撕脱骨折时伴有较高的胫骨平台后侧骨损伤发生率,胫骨平台后侧骨损伤可能为ACL撕脱骨折的伴随损伤,应引起注意。     

MRI分析前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的解剖学危险因素

背景：前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折是一种特殊类型的关节内骨折，多见于运动性损伤，目前关于该病的解剖学研究相对较少，而大量研究集中于前交叉韧带的损伤，普遍认为胫骨平台后倾角增大、内侧胫骨平台深度减小及股骨髁间窝缺口宽度指数减小是前交叉韧带损伤的危险因素，对于前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折是否也与其相关尚不清楚。目的：探讨前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折与胫骨平台后倾角、内侧胫骨平台深度、股骨髁间窝缺口宽度指数及胫骨平台冠状斜坡角度的相关性。方法：回顾性分析2019年1月至2022年12月因膝前疼痛就诊于徐州医科大学附属医院骨科的患者101例，其中接受关节镜治疗的51例前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者为观察组，同期50例有膝前痛症状但查体及影像学检查确定无膝关节损伤的患者为对照组。通过术前MRI图像测定两组患者胫骨平台后倾角、内侧胫骨平台深度、股骨髁间窝缺口宽度指数等解剖学参数，统计分析导致前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的解剖学危险因素。结果与结论：(1)两组患者的外侧胫骨平台后倾角、外侧/内侧胫骨平台后倾角比值以及股骨髁间窝缺口宽度指数、胫骨平台冠状斜坡角度比较差异无显著性意义(P> 0.05)；观...     

前交叉韧带胫骨附着处临床解剖学研究

目的 研究前交叉韧带(ACL)胫骨附着处的解剖形态学特点,并探讨ACL胫骨附着处测量值埘选择ACL重建方式的意义.方法 对10例福尔马林处理的成人膝关节标本进行解剖.在屈伸膝关节时根据ACL纤维张力区分前内束和后外束,然后从胫骨附着处切断韧带,用Photoshop软件测量附着处的相关数据.结果 ACL存在着两个不同的功能束,即前内束和后外束;胫骨附着处的形状不规则,可分为倒三角形、椭1形及四边形三种;ACL胫骨附着处的前后径与横径分别为(17.89±2.44)mm、(13.85±1.79)mm;前内束和后外束胫骨附着处的面积分别为(101.18±32.28)m㎡、(77.61±19.86)m㎡;两束中心点连线的距离为(8.03±1.51)mm.结论 本研究改进的数字图像测量方法是一种既实用又廉价的测量方法;ACL胫骨附着处测量值可作为选择ACL重建方式的参考.     

前交叉韧带损伤后关节腔内后交叉韧带中基质金属蛋白酶-II活性的研究

目的 初步探索前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤后后交叉韧带(posterior cruciate ligament,PCL)中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2)的表达量变化情况。方法 用本实验室已获专利的大鼠前交叉韧带瞬时扭转损伤装置将大鼠ACL损伤后在ex-vivo水平上用酶谱分析的方法检测PCL组织中所释放MMP-2的情况。结果 ACL损伤后的第1,2,3天后,PCL组织培养上清液中的MMP-2表达量呈时间依赖性递增趋势。结论 ACL急性损伤后, PCL组织释放大量MMP-2至关节液中。     

关节镜下经胫骨隧道入路与前内侧入路重建前交叉韧带效果的Meta分析

背景：一些随机对照研究试图回答关节镜下经胫骨骨道入路与前内侧入路重建前交叉韧带疗效优劣问题,得出结论各不相同。 目的：关节镜下经胫骨骨道入路与前内侧入路重建前交叉韧带疗效Meta分析。 方法：计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆及中国生物医学数据库、维普信息数据库、万方数据库,手工检索相关的中英文骨科杂志。收集关节镜下经胫骨骨道入路与前内侧入路重建前交叉韧带的对照试验,并评价纳入研究的方法学质量。统计软件用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan 5.0。 结果与结论：共纳入7个研究。Meta分析表明,与胫骨骨道入路相比,前内侧入路制作的股骨隧道的长度较短[RR 3.91,95%CI(1.49,6.34)]、[RR 12.73,95%CI(11.91,13.55)]、股骨隧道冠状面骨道角度较垂直[RR 18.18,95%CI(17.10,19.25)]、胫骨矢状面胫骨隧道位置较靠前[RR 6.16,95%CI(5.23,7.10)]、术后膝关节Lysholm功能评分高[RR 6.16,95%CI(-3.59,-2.63)],差异有显著性意义。分析结果说明,关节镜下通过前内侧入路比经胫骨隧道入路重建前交叉韧带更接近解剖重建,修复疗效更好。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建患者膝关节功能恢复的Meta分析

目的：系统评价血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建术后康复的临床疗效，以期为临床实践提供参考依据。方法：计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO等数据库，搜集国内外有关血流限制训练干预前交叉韧带重建术后康复的随机对照试验，检索时限均从各数据库建库至2022-08-10。结局指标包括膝关节肌力、膝关节周围肌肉量及膝关节功能评价，均为连续性变量。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并使用PEDro量表、Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行纳入研究的偏倚风险评价，然后采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果：共纳入9篇文献，包括226例受试者，其中试验组114例，对照组112例。Meta分析结果显示，血流限制训练组与常规抗阻训练组相比，可以显著改善患者膝关节肌力[SMD=0.54,95%CI(0.29,0.79),P <0.01]、肌肉量[SMD=0.26,95%CI(0.06,0.46),P=0.01]及膝关节功能[SMD=1.17,95%CI(0.53,1.80),P <0.01]；亚组分析显示，仅当干预时间> 4周时，膝关...     

膝关节前交叉韧带与内侧副韧带粘弹性实验研究

目的　研究了新鲜成人尸体膝关节前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带的粘弹性力学性质，为临床提供生物力学参数依据。方法　对前交叉韧带和内侧副韧带进行应力松弛，蠕变实验。结果　对实验数据进行归一化处理，得出了归一化应力松弛函数，蠕变函数，以回归分析的方法处理实验数据，得出了回归系数和拟合曲线。结论　内侧副韧带7200s应力松弛、蠕变量小于前交叉韧带。对实验结果进行分析讨论。     

胫骨或胫骨平台骨折合并交叉韧带断裂诊疗体会

目的探讨胫骨及胫骨平台骨折合并交叉韧带断裂一期手术治疗的中期疗效。方法对术前MRI怀疑合并交叉韧带损伤的23例高能量损伤的胫骨或胫骨平台骨折患者,骨折内固定后行抽屉试验及Lachman's试验检查,并进一步膝关节镜检。结果 23例抽屉试验及Lachman's试验均为阳性,与镜检一致,一期骨折内固定+交叉韧带重建治疗。术后经7~28个月随访,未发生感染、骨筋膜室综合征、关节僵硬等并发症。采用Rasmussen膝关节功能评分法评估疗效,优16例,良5例,可2例,差0例,优良率91.3%。结论对于胫骨及胫骨平台骨折合并交叉韧带断裂,在不影响骨道制作条件下,微创复位固定,一期修复损伤交叉韧带能够在最小的创伤下最大程度地恢复关节面的平整和稳定关节,早期功能锻炼,避免了二次手术及关节僵硬,中期疗效满意。     

前交叉韧带的应用解剖

在100侧成人尸体的膝部,对前交叉韧带进行了解剖学研究.多束性前交叉韧带分为前内束和后外束,其神经血管束沿束间的疏松结缔组织分布于其中,其主要血供来自膝中动脉支,在韧带周围形成血管滑膜鞘.保护和利用此鞘,以利受损韧带在修复时愈合。     

The influence of tibial slope on the graft in combined high tibial osteotomy and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Background

Young patients with severe medial osteoarthritis, varus malalignment and insufficiency of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are difficult to treat. The tibial slope has gained attention with regard to osteotomies and ligamentous instability. The purpose was to evaluate the outcome of combined high tibial osteotomy (HTO), ACL reconstruction and chondral resurfacing (CR, abrasion plus microfracture), and to analyse graft failure rates with regard to the tibial slope.

Effects of tibial slope changes in the stability of fixed bearing medial unicompartmental arthroplasty in anterior cruciate ligament deficient knees

Patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency may have increased failure rates with UKA as a result of abnormal contact stresses and altered knee kinematics. Variations in the slope of the tibial component in UKA may alter tibiofemoral translation, and affect outcomes. This cadaveric study evaluated tibiofemoral translation during the Lachman and pivot shift tests after changing the slope of a fixed bearing unicondylar tibial component. Sectioning the ACL increased tibiofemoral translation in both the Lachman and pivot shift tests (P<0.05). Tibial slope leveling (decreasing the posterior slope) of the polyethylene insert in a UKA decreases anteroposterior tibiofemoral translation in the sagittal plane to a magnitude similar to that of the intact knee. With 8° of tibial slope leveling, anterior tibial translation during the Lachman test decreased by approximately 5mm. However, no variation in slope altered the pivot shift kinematics in the ACL deficient knees.     

Tibial plateau fracture following gracilis-semitendinosus anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: The tibial tunnel stress-riser

Tibial plateau fractures following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are extremely rare. This is the first reported case of a tibial plateau fracture following four-strand gracilis-semitendinosus autograft ACL reconstruction. The tibial tunnel alone may behave as a stress riser which can significantly reduce bone strength.     

A case of compression fracture of medial tibial plateau and medial femoral condyle combined with posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner injury

We report a case of compression fracture of anterior margin of medial tibial plateau and medial femoral condyle combined with the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner disruption. A thirty-seven-year old male had undergone the left knee injury 6 months before. The physical examination revealed positive posterior drawer test and tibial dial test, which evidenced the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner insufficiency. The plain lateral knee radiographs showed a marginal fracture of the anteromedial tibial plateau and a dimpling on the adjacent part of the medial femoral condyle. On arthroscopy, there were no gross tear of the cruciates, but the posterolateral capsule disclosed stigmata of stretching injury with multiple petechiae and scarring. The compression fracture on the anteromedial side and the stretching injury on the posterolateral side altogether support the mechanism of hyperextension pivoting on the anteromedial side of the knee joint. A small bony lesion around the knee joint should be inspected rigorously with an assumed mechanism of injury for it may herald major ligamentous injury.     

Fracture of the tibial tubercle following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

A case is presented of a traumatic avulsion fracture of part of the tibial tubercle after harvesting of the central third of the patellar tendon, with bone blocks, for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The literature is reviewed. This injury has not been reported previously.     

Anterior and rotational tibial subluxation in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament injuries: An MRI analysis

BackgroundThe relationship between preoperative tibiofemoral position and failure of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been widely discussed. Most established methods for measuring tibiofemoral position on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mainly focus on anterior tibial subluxation (ATS), while a quantitative measuring method for rotational tibial subluxation (RTS) is still undetermined. Moreover, there are still controversies about the related factors for ATS. The aim of this study was to quantitatively describe preoperative ATS and RTS in ACL-injured and ACL-intact knees and identify the related factors for ATS and RTS based on MRI images.MethodsDemographic data and preoperative MRIs of 104 ACL-injured patients were retrospectively analyzed. ACL-intact knees were 1:1 matched as control group. ATS was measured using longitudinal tibial axis, and RTS was determined by the difference between lateral and medial ATS. Related factors for ATS and RTS were examined.ResultsIncreased lateral ATS (P < 0.0001), medial ATS (P < 0.0001) and RTS (P = 0.0479) were observed in ACL-injured knees compared with the control group. Increased posterior tibial slope (PTS), Beighton Score ≥ 4, presence of meniscal injury and long injury-to-MRI time were identified as being correlated with the increase of ATS. Factors for the increase of RTS were increased lateral PTS, Beighton score ≥ 4, presence of lateral meniscal injury, and left side.ConclusionsIn ACL-injured knees, tibia not only subluxated anteriorly in both lateral and medial compartments, but also rotated internally. During preoperative planning, attentions should be paid to the factors that are correlated with altered tibiofemoral position.     

MR imaging of acute anterior cruciate ligament injuries

MRI of the knee has become an indispensable clinical tool in the management of chronic knee conditions. MRI for acute knee injuries is less well established but is becoming increasingly prevalent. MRI in acute ACL injuries is particularly useful for identifying associated injuries that will influence the early management of the patient. The aim of this paper is to describe the MRI findings of acute ACL tears, their commonly associated, and less common but serious associated injuries. Where available, the evidence for the sensitivity and specificity of these MRI features is presented. The contribution of these MRI findings to the management of the patient is discussed.