复合骨形态发生蛋白缓释材料修复兔桡骨缺损

背景：在聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸中加入β-磷酸三钙可调控其降解速率和强度,加载骨形态发生蛋白可增强材料的诱导成骨能力。 目的：检验β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/骨形态发生蛋白缓释材料修复兔桡骨节段性骨缺损的效果。 方法：制作兔左侧桡骨12 mm缺损模型,随机分4组,分别于骨缺损处植入β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸材料、β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼缓释材料、β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/骨形态发生蛋白缓释材料,并设置空白对照组(不植入任何材料)。 结果与结论：术后12周时,β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸材料组、β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼缓释材料组、β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/骨形态发生蛋白缓释组骨缺损都得到较好修复,其中β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/骨形态发生蛋白缓释组骨缺损修复效果最佳(P < 0.05),空白对照组骨缺损未修复。表明β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/骨形态发生蛋白缓释材料可很好修复兔节段性骨缺损。     

β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/左氧氟沙星缓释材料的成骨检测

背景：在聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸中加入β-磷酸三钙可调控其降解速率和强度。 目的：观察β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/左氧氟沙星缓释材料修复兔股骨髁骨缺损的效果。 方法：制作兔右股骨髁直径5 mm、长10 mm的圆柱形骨缺损模型,随机分3组,其中两组分别于骨缺损处植入β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸材料和β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/左氧氟沙星缓释材料,空白对照组不植入任何材料。通过影像学、大体标本、组织学检查评价骨缺损修复效果。 结果与结论：术后12周时,β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸材料组和β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/左氧氟沙星缓释材料组骨缺损都得到修复,两组新骨占缺损区面积差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),空白对照组骨缺损未修复。表明β-磷酸三钙/聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸/异烟肼/左氧氟沙星缓释材料可以很好修复兔股骨髁缺损。     

PNGF导管复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复大鼠12 mm坐骨神经缺损

目的　观察RGD多肽接枝聚（乳酸-羟基乙酸-L-赖氨酸）/聚乳酸/β-磷酸三钙/神经生长因子（PRGD/PDLLA/β-TCP/NGF,PNGF）缓释导管复合骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs)构建组织工程化人工神经,修复大鼠12 mm坐骨神经缺损的效果。  方法    雄性Wistar大鼠30只, 随机分为3组,每组10只,左后肢制作12 mm坐骨神经缺损模型,分别行单纯PNGF导管桥接（A）、PNGF导管复合BMSCs桥接（B）、自体神经移植（C）,所有大鼠左侧为实验侧,右侧为正常自身对照侧。术后3个月行大体观察、坐骨神经功能指数、电生理检测、小腿三头肌湿重恢复率测量、新生神经及靶肌肉组织学观察等检测坐骨神经功能恢复情况。  结果　术后3个月取材时见导管管壁变薄,表面血管化良好,管内有再生神经通过,直径较正常神经细。坐骨神经功能指数的检测结果显示PNGF导管复合BMSCs高于单纯PNGF导管组（P＜0.05）,PNGF导管复合BMSCs组神经传导速度恢复率、小腿三头肌湿重恢复率、有髓神经纤维数量和直径均优于单纯PNGF导管组（P＜0.01）,取得与自体神经移植组相似的效果。  结论　PNGF缓释导管复合BMSCs桥接修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损, 能够有效促进神经再生, 效果接近自体神经移植。     

β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸复合材料的骨内降解

背景：调控聚乳酸类可吸收材料的降解速率,使材料降解与新生骨爬行替代速度更同步,加入羟基磷灰石或β-磷酸三钙等无机粒子是目前的主流选择。 目的：对比观察β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸复合材料和聚-L-乳酸在松质骨内的降解速度及诱导成骨能力。 方法：将β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸复合材料及聚-L-乳酸材料分别植入12只新西兰大白兔双侧股骨内髁及外髁后,于术后6,12,24周3个时间点取材,测定其各个时间点的生物吸收率,扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察其在松质骨内的形态学变化,周围新骨爬行替代及异物反应情况。 结果与结论：各个时间点β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸与周围骨质贴合比聚-L-乳酸材料更紧密,未见明显异物反应。6周时β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸材料生物吸收率小于聚-L-乳酸材料,12周后生物吸收率增速加快,同时材料表面出现均匀分布的微孔及裂隙;术后24周内两种材料均未见新生骨爬行替代。结果表明β-磷酸三钙/聚-L-乳酸复合材料早期降解较聚-L-乳酸材料慢,有利于移植物植入早期的坚强固定;6周后降解加快,24周内未见诱导成骨现象。     

β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸支架复合骨髓基质细胞修复节段性骨缺损

背景：组织工程β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸支架材料具有良好的生物相容性。 目的：评估骨髓基质细胞与β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸复合体修复兔桡骨大段骨缺损成骨的效果。 方法：取新西兰大白兔40只,建立桡骨双侧大段骨缺损模型,其中35只右侧植入自体骨髓基质细胞与β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸复合物作为实验组,左侧植入β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸支架材料作为对照组;另5只作为空白对照不作任何处理。植入后4,8,12,16周拍摄X射线片观察骨缺损修复情况。 结果与结论：实验组术后2周可见缺损处有散在的、少量模糊状骨痂生成,术后4周可见明显骨生成影像,成云雾状,均匀分布在骨缺损区,术后8周整个缺损区均可见骨痂生成,成骨现象更加明显,部分髓腔已通,术后12~16周,缺损区已完全被新生骨组织充填,骨髓腔已完全再通,修复区较正常桡骨细,骨缺损修复效果明显优于对照组与空白对照组(P < 0.01)。说明自体骨髓基质细胞与β-磷酸三钙/聚磷酸钙纤维/聚左旋乳酸复合移植可较完全修复大节段骨缺损。     

聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物修复髌股关节软骨缺损

背景：传统的方法修复软骨损伤,易发生退变。聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物具有良好的生物相容性,可根据需要调节降解速度等性能,可能在修复软骨损伤方面具有应用前景。 目的：观察以聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物为载体修复兔关节软骨缺损的可行性。 方法：选取2月龄新西兰兔骨髓培养,诱导间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化。第3代细胞与聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物共培养制成聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物。建立兔髌股关节股骨髁部缺损模型,在右侧36个膝关节植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物,左侧18膝植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物,另18膝造成缺损后留作空白对照。术后4,8,12,24,36,48周取材,行大体及组织学观察,组织学评分。 结果与结论：聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物修复大鼠缺损后,软骨细胞分布较均一,色泽与正常软骨相似,与正常软骨界限消失,表面细胞平行于关节面,深层细胞排列紊乱,细胞呈团状,基质异染广泛,软骨下骨形成及潮线恢复正常,与周围正常软骨连接良好。而单纯植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物或缺损后未处理大鼠缺损边缘细胞呈团块状增生,底部为纤维组织。提示骨髓基质细胞源性软骨细胞是修复关节软骨缺损较理想的种子细胞,聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物适合作为组织工程修复关节软骨缺损的支架材料,具有良好的应用前景。     

精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸多肽表面修饰促进生物支架材料对骨髓来源 种子细胞的黏附

背景：精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸多肽具有较强的黏附性和生物支架材料可接枝结合,且不会改变材料的表面理化性质。 目的：观察应用精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸多肽表面修饰猪主动脉瓣去细胞支架材料对骨髓干细胞黏附性的影响。 方法：采用胰蛋白酶+TritonX-100法制备猪主动脉瓣去细胞支架材料,用YGRGDSP多肽(酪氨酸-甘氨酸-精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸-丝氨酸-脯氨酸)进行处理,按照精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸多肽的质量浓度(0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 g/L)、反应时间(4,8,12,24 h)、反应pH值(7.0,7.4,8.0)分为不同实验组。 结果与结论：茚三酮显示精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸多肽可很好的交联到猪主动脉瓣去细胞支架材料,最佳反应条件为：室温、1.5 g/L精氨酸甘氨酸天冬氨酸、pH 7.4、持续振荡12 h。提示利用YGRGDSP多肽对猪主动脉瓣去细胞支架材料进行表面修饰可显著改善骨髓来源种子细胞的黏附性。     

聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸共聚物复合膜修复坐骨神经损伤

背景：聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸复合膜具有良好的生物相容性,稳定的机械强度,无毒副作用,可控的降解速率等特点。 目的：观察聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸共聚物膜对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的修复作用。 方法：手术显露36只Wistar大鼠坐骨神经,随机分成3组：假手术组游离坐骨神经后不作任何处理,对照组切断坐骨神经后行神经断端直接吻合,实验组于神经吻合断端包裹聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸共聚物膜。 结果与结论：①神经电生理学检测：术后4,6周神经传导速度及波幅比较,对照组<实验组<假手术组(P均<0.05)。②组织学检测：对照组神经与周围组织粘连严重,实验组吻合口光滑平整,聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸共聚物膜明显降解吸收,与周围组织无粘连,对照组有髓神经数量较假手术组、实验组明显减少,且轴突再生率和再生轴突成熟度较低。③辣根过氧化物酶逆行示踪检测：对照组被辣根过氧化物酶标记的阳性有髓神经纤维数量较假手术组、实验组明显减少。表明聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸共聚物膜能减轻神经术后粘连,促进神经再生。     

壳聚糖/聚乳酸羟基乙酸组织工程化神经植入犬体内的慢性生物相容性

背景：2个月以内短期生物相容性实验显示,壳聚糖、聚乳酸和聚羟基乙酸对大鼠外周神经均无毒性,可作为组织工程化神经材料。 目的：评价壳聚糖/聚乳酸羟基乙酸组织工程化神经植入Beagle犬体内6个月后的慢性生物相容性。 方法：在壳聚糖神经导管中插入聚乳酸羟基乙酸纤维制备成组织工程化神经,移植桥接Beagle犬坐骨神经50mm缺损,同时以Beagle犬50mm自体神经移植作为对照组。 结果与结论：植入壳聚糖/聚乳酸羟基乙酸组织工程化神经6个月后,Beagle犬精神、食欲、活动等一般情况良好,体质量增加与对照组相当;植入后2,4,6个月血液学和血清生化检测结果与对照组无明显差异;再生神经及其周边组织未出现变性、坏死,心、肝、脾、肺、肾等主要脏器大体解剖和组织切片未见异常。表明壳聚糖/聚乳酸羟基乙酸组织工程化神经植入Beagle犬体内6个月后慢性生物相容性良好。     

不同比例聚乳酸羟基乙酸复合骨支架的低温沉积制造及性能

背景：研究证实,在聚乳酸羟基乙酸中加入磷酸三钙或珍珠粉可以使两者的性能互补,不仅为细胞提供良好的生长环境,而且能使细胞更快、更好地生长。 目的：通过低温层积制造技术制备以聚乳酸羟基乙酸为基体、复合珍珠粉或磷酸三钙的支架材料。 方法：采用低温层积制造技术制备聚乳酸羟基乙酸与珍珠粉或磷酸三钙质量比分别为10∶0、5∶2、7∶3和6∶4的聚乳酸羟基乙酸/珍珠粉或聚乳酸羟基乙酸/磷酸三钙复合支架,检测支架的微观结构、接触角、压缩弹性模量。将生长至基本融合的MC3T3-E1细胞以1×10⁴/cm³的密度接种至纯聚乳酸羟基乙酸无孔支架、纯聚乳酸羟基乙酸有孔支架、5∶2聚乳酸羟基乙酸/珍珠粉和5∶2聚乳酸羟基乙酸/磷酸三钙支架上,接种1,3 h,采用流式细胞仪检测细胞黏附率;接种1,4,7 d,利用Alamar Blue法检测细胞增殖。 结果与结论：纯聚乳酸羟基乙酸支架具有相互交联贯通的微孔结构,微孔大小3-15 μm;5∶2聚乳酸羟基乙酸/珍珠粉或5∶2聚乳酸羟基乙酸/磷酸三钙支架具有较好的连续微孔结构,孔径大小为10-25 μm。随着珍珠粉或磷酸三钙含量的增加,复合支架的亲水性增加。加入珍珠粉或磷酸三钙能够提高复合支架的压缩力学性能,但随着含量增加,支架力学性能呈现先增强后减弱。珍珠粉或磷酸三钙的加入,改善了聚乳酸羟基乙酸的细胞亲和力,改善了支架的生物相容性,其中以5∶2聚乳酸羟基乙酸/珍珠粉复合支架生物相容性最好。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

聚乳酸/神经生长因子缓释导管修复周围神经缺损实验研究

目的：观察聚乳酸／神经生长因子(PDLLA／NGF)缓释导管对大鼠坐骨神经缺损再生的促进作用及其性能、降解过程。方法：SD大鼠60只，随机分为4组：自体神经移植组(A组)，单纯PDLLA导管组(B组)，单纯导管加导管内一次性给药组(C组)，缓释导管组(D组)，每组15只。制作坐骨神经10mm缺损模型，分别用自体神经移植、单纯PDLLA导管、PDLLA／NGF缓释导管桥接修复。于第1、2、3月后行大体观察、三头肌湿重恢复率测量、电生理检测、组织学和图象分析对比。结果：同时间段组间比较，除三头肌恢复率低以外，D组再生神经取得了和A组相似的效果，明显比B组和C组恢复好。结论：PDLLA／NGF缓释导管桥接修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损，能够有效促进神经再生，效果接近自体神经移植。     

外消旋聚乳酸/神经生长因子缓释导管的体内降解研究

目的：研究外消旋聚乳酸／神经生长因子缓释导管（PDLLA／NGF）的降解性能，为修复神经缺损提供依据。方法：制作PDLLA／NGF缓释导管并用于桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损，术后1、2、3月分别行导管的大体观察和电镜检查。结果：术后大体观察及电镜检查发现，PDLLA／NGF缓释导管能在大鼠体内随时间延长逐步降解，内层降解比外层速度快，到3月时导管外形仍保持完整，再生神经已顺利通过导管腔，无压迫及疤痕形成。结论：PDLLA／NGF导管在大鼠体内降解时间超过3月，能提供缺损神经再生所需的时间，为神经再生提供良好的微环境。     

Peripheral nerve regeneration using composite poly(lactic acid-caprolactone)/nerve growth factor conduits prepared by coaxial electrospinning

Many neurotrophic factors have been shown to promote neurite outgrowth by improving the microenvironment that is required for nerve regeneration. However, the delivery of these bioactive agents to the nerve injury site, as well as effective and local release, remains a challenging problem. We have developed a novel composite nerve conduit comprised of poly(lactic acid-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL)) and nerve growth factor (NGF). This was developed from core-shell structured biodegradable nanofibers, which were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning of P(LLA-CL) for the shell and bovine serum albumin (BSA) or BSA/NGF for the core. In rats, gaps of 10-mm long sciatic nerves were bridged using an autograft, an empty P(LLA-CL) conduit, a NGF injection P(LLA-CL) conduit, a P(LLA-CL)/NGF composite conduit, respectively. Regenerated nerve fibers were harvested and morphological and functional evaluation of nerve regeneration was performed at 12 weeks postsurgery. Although partial biodegradation and small cracks in the conduits were observed, the conduit outlines remained intact for 12 weeks after surgery. Based on functional and histological observations, the number and arrangement of regenerated nerve fibers, myelination, and nerve function reconstruction was similar in the P(LLA-CL)/NGF conduit group to that of the nerve autograft group (p > 0.05), but was significantly greater to the empty P(LLA-CL) and injection NGF P(LLA-CL) conduit groups (both p < 0.05). Therefore, the composite P(LLA-CL)/NGF conduit, which exhibited favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, could effectively promote sciatic nerve regeneration in rats.     

PRGD/PDLLA conduit potentiates rat sciatic nerve regeneration and the underlying molecular mechanism

Peripheral nerve injury requires optimal conditions in both macro-environment and micro-environment for reestablishment. Though various strategies have been carried out to improve the macro-environment, the underlying molecular mechanism of axon regeneration in the micro-environment provided by nerve conduit remains unclear. In this study, the rat sciatic nerve of 10 mm defect was made and bridged by PRGD/PDLLA nerve conduit. We investigated the process of nerve regeneration using histological, functional and real time PCR analyses after implantation from 7 to 35 days. Our data demonstrated that the ciliary neurotrophic factor highly expressed and up-regulated the downstream signaling pathways, in the case of activated signals, the expressions of axon sprout relative proteins, such as tubulin and growth-associated protein-43, were strongly augmented. Taken together, these data suggest a possible mechanism of axon regeneration promoted by PRGD/PDLLA conduit, which created a micro-environment for enhancement of diffusion of neurotrophic factors secreted by the injured nerve stumps, and activation of molecular signal transduction involved in growth cone, to potentiate the nerve recovery.     

Conductive PPY/PDLLA conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration

The significant drawbacks and lack of success associated with current methods to treat critically sized nerve defects have led to increased interest in neural tissue engineering. Conducting polymers show great promise due to their electrical properties, and in the case of polypyrrole (PPY), its cell compatibility as well. Thus, the goal of this study is to synthesize a conducting composite nerve conduit with PPY and poly(d, l-lactic acid) (PDLLA), assess its ability to support the differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells in vitro, and determine its ability to promote nerve regeneration in vivo. Different amounts of PPY (5%, 10%, and 15%) are used to synthesize the conduits resulting in different conductivities (5.65, 10.40, and 15.56 ms/cm, respectively). When PC12 cells are seeded on these conduits and stimulated with 100 mV for 2 h, there is a marked increase in both the percentage of neurite-bearing cells and the median neurite length as the content of PPY increased. More importantly, when the PPY/PDLLA nerve conduit was used to repair a rat sciatic nerve defect it performed similarly to the gold standard autologous graft. These promising results illustrate the potential that this PPY/PDLLA conducting composite conduit has for neural tissue engineering.     

PDLLA/NGF复合膜用于自体神经移植促进神经再生实验研究

目的：探讨外消旋聚乳酸／神经生长因子(PDLLA／NGF)复合膜用于自体神经移植是否具有促进神经再生作用。方法：雌性Wistar大白鼠16只，随机分为2组：A组(自体神经移植)8只；B组(自体神经移植并包绕PDLLA／NGF复合膜)8只。显露每只动物的右侧坐骨神经，A组将坐骨神经切除10mm长一段，以外膜缝合法行原位移植；B组与A组同样行神经原位移植并在远近两个神经缝接部位各包绕1块PDLLA／NGF复合膜(含NGF总量为400u)。6个月后观察比较两组神经再生情况。结果：B组的小腿三头肌湿重恢复率、运动神经传导速度、再生的有髓神经纤维数量、直径、轴突直径、髓鞘厚度均优于A组：结论：PDLLA／NGF复合膜包绕自体神经移植的神经缝接部位具有促进神经再生作用.     

载NGF海藻酸凝胶-聚乳酸复合导管修复兔面神经缺损实验研究

目的    观察载神经生长因子（nerve growth factors, NGF）海藻酸凝胶-聚乳酸复合导管修复面神经缺损的作用。  方法    建立白兔面神经缺损模型,将面神经断端植入制备好的载NGF海藻酸凝胶-聚乳酸复合导管内2 mm,使面神经两断端之间距离为10 mm,将导管两端与神经固定缝合皮肤。再随机将12只大白兔分为术后4、8、12周组。实验结束后切开大白兔面神经吻合部位,选取神经导管近、中和远端组织进行HE染色,观察神经生长及导管降解情况。  结果    实验白兔手术伤口Ⅰ期愈合,无局部坏死、移植物排出及全身不良反应。术后4周导管壁有巨噬细胞浸润,导管近端雪旺细胞、成纤维细胞增生,新生小血管丰富;8周可见导管壁变薄,有成纤维细胞附着,巨噬细胞浸润,导管内有神经束样结构,束间纤维分隔,外层纤维包膜增厚,新生小血管减少;12周可见神经导管壁进一步分解,胶原纤维增生,导管内神经纤维结构接近正常,轴突样结构增粗,外层纤维包膜变薄。  结论    载NGF海藻酸凝胶-聚乳酸复合导管能较好的引导面神经再生,具有良好的组织相容性。     

Use of a newly developed artificial nerve conduit to assist peripheral nerve regeneration across a long gap in dogs

There is now considerable evidence that peripheral nerves have the potential to regenerate if an appropriate microenvironment is provided. However, there are only a few reports of the successful use of artificial nerve conduits to repair major nerve defects more than 30 mm in length. In this study, we examined nerve regeneration across a long gap in the dog peroneal nerve using a novel artificial nerve conduit developed by our group. The conduit consists of a polyglycolic acid (PGA) collagen tube filled with laminin coated collagen fibers. In 12 dogs, the nerve conduit was implanted across an 80 mm gap in the left peroneal nerve. Three months after surgery, compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were detected. Evaluation of locomotor function revealed obvious limping for up to 3 months, but no marked difficulty in walking by 6 months. Microscopic observation of the regenerated nerve segment at 12 months showed numerous myelinated nerve fibers, which were smaller in diameter and enclosed in a thinner myelin sheath than normal axons. These results suggest that our artificial nerve conduit has potential usefulness in enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration, even across large gaps.     

PDLLA/chondroitin sulfate/chitosan/NGF conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration

Biodegradable PDLLA/Chondroitin sulfate/Chitosan(PDLLA/CS/CHS) nerve conduits with potentially good biocompatibility and good mechanical property feasible for surgical manipulation have been developed in our previous work. The purpose of this study was to investigate their possible application in repairing damaged nerves and the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF). The PDLLA/CS/CHS/NGF nerve conduits were prepared by immobilizing NGF onto the PDLLA/CS/CHS nerve conduits with carbodiimide. Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 200-250 g were used as the animal model. The conduits were employed to bridge the 10 mm defects in the sciatic nerve of the SD rats. Nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) were clearly detected in both nerve conduits after 3 months of implantation, indicating a rapid functional recovery for the disrupted nerves. The results of histological sections showed that the internal sides of the conduits were compact enough to prevent the connective tissues from ingrowth. Combined with the strong mechanical properties, good nerve regeneration ability and non-toxicity of its degradation products, PDLLA/CS/CHS nerve conduits would be expected to be useful materials to repair nerve damage and NGF can effectively promote the regeneration of peripheral nerve defect.