食管鳞癌组织中NDRGl mRNA和蛋白的表达

目的:探讨食管鳞癌组织中NDRG1 mRNA和蛋白的表达情况及其与临床病理因素的关系.方法:分别采用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学SP法检测49例食管鳞癌组织(分化程度Ⅰ级14例,Ⅱ级23例,Ⅲ级12例;有淋巴结转移21例,无淋巴结转移28例)、23例癌旁不典型增生黏膜组织及49例正常食管黏膜组织中NDRG1 mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果:食管鳞癌组织中NDRG1 mRNA相对含量低于癌旁不典型增生黏膜组织及正常食管黏膜组织(P＜0.05或0.01);不同分化程度的食管鳞癌组织之间NDRG1 mRNA相对含量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);伴淋巴结转移的食管鳞癌组织与无淋巴结转移的食管鳞癌组织NDRG1 mRNA相对含量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).癌旁不典型增生组织及食管鳞癌组织中NDRG1蛋白( )阳性率(3/23和4/49)均低于正常黏膜组织的43/49(P＜0.01);食管鳞癌组织中NDRG1蛋白表达与癌组织的分级及有、无淋巴结转移无关(P均＞0.05).结论:食管鳞癌组织中NDRG1 mRNA和蛋白表达降低,其低表达可能与食管鳞癌发生有关.     

组织蛋白酶D与基质金属蛋白酶-9在口腔鳞癌的表达

目的 探讨组织蛋白酶D(CD)与基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)在人类口腔鳞癌(OSCC)中的表达意义. 方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测76例OSCC组织与20例癌旁正常口腔黏膜的CD与MMP-9水平. 结果 CD和MMP-9在OSCC中的阳性表达率分别为81.6%和77.6%,显著高于癌旁正常口腔黏膜(P＜0.01).两者均与OSCC浸润深度和淋巴结转移密切相关,浸润越深,其表达越强(P＜0.05);有淋巴结转移的病例,其阳性率明显高于无转移者(P＜0.05);MMP-9表达还与组织分化程度密切相关,分化程度越低,其表达越强(P＜0.05).OSCC组织中CD和MMP-9表达具有一定的一致性. 结论 CD和MMP-9的阳性表达与OSCC的侵袭转移有关.     

AKT2和PTEN在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨胃癌中AKT2和PTEN的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组化法检测胃癌组织及癌旁组织80例中AKT2和PTEN的表达及意义.结果 AKT2在胃癌组织中的表达显著高于癌旁组织(P＜0.05＝;PTEN在胃癌组织中的表达显著低于癌旁组织(P＜0.05＝;AKT2在胃癌中的表达与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小无相关性(P>0.05),与组织分化程度、有无淋巴转移及临床分期相关(P＜0.05＝;PTEN在胃癌中的表达与患者的年龄、性别无相关性(P>0.05),与肿瘤的大小、组织分化程度、有无淋巴转移及临床分期相关(P＜0.05＝;AKT2和PTEN蛋白表达强度呈负相关(P＜0.05＝.结论 胃癌组织中AKT2和PTEN蛋白表达呈负相关,联合检测PTEN和AKT2蛋白表达可作为判定胃癌生物学行为的辅助指标.     

宫颈鳞癌组织中Snail mRNA和蛋白的表达

目的:检测宫颈鳞癌组织中Snail mRNA和蛋白的表达.方法:采用免疫组织化学及RT-PCR法,检测宫颈鳞癌组织(n=141、48)、癌旁组织(n=48、48)及正常宫颈组织(n=48、48)中Snail蛋白及mRNA的表达,并分析其与临床病理参数之间的关系.结果:宫颈鳞癌、癌旁组织中Snail mRNA的阳性表达率高于正常组织(P均<0.05),且癌组织中Snail mRNA阳性表达率与淋巴结转移情况有关(P<0.05),但与肿瘤的分化程度、FIGO分期无关(P均>0.05).3组组织中Snail mRNA相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).宫颈鳞癌及癌旁组织中Snail蛋白的阳性表达率高于正常宫颈组织(P<0.05),且癌组织中Snail蛋白阳性表达率与分化程度、FIGO分期、淋巴结转移情况有关(P均<0.05).结论:宫颈鳞癌的癌变、侵袭、转移可能与Snail蛋白及mRNA的高表达有关,Snail可作为预测宫颈鳞癌预后的指标之一.     

PTEN基因在喉鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶基因(PTEN)在喉鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义.方法:应用半定量RTPCR方法检测喉癌组织中PTEN mRNA的表达.结果:淋巴结转移组喉癌较正常喉组织PTEN mRNA表达下降有统计学意义(P＜0.05).病理低分化与高分化相比,PTEN mRNA表达差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:PTEN基因表达下降在喉鳞癌演进中起重要作用.     

口腔黏膜癌变过程中细胞周期素E蛋白表达及意义

目的: 了解细胞周期素E(Cyclin E)蛋白在口腔黏膜癌变过程中表达变化,探讨Cyclin E在口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)发生发展中的意义.方法: 正常口腔黏膜12例、不同程度上皮异常增生组织35例、不同分化口腔鳞状细胞癌69例,石蜡包埋组织.采用免疫组织化学方法检测Cyclin E蛋白表达,分析其在口腔黏膜癌变过程中的变化趋势及意义.结果: Cyclin E蛋白在正常口腔黏膜上皮无表达,但从轻度上皮异常增生组织开始出现Cyclin E蛋白阳性表达;Cyclin E在上皮异常增生组织中的阳性表达率42.86%(15/35),在OSCC的阳性表达率为65.22%(45/69),两组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.757,P＝0.029).Cyclin E阳性表达率及表达强度随上皮异常增生程度的增加及肿瘤分化程度的降低而增加,二者存在正相关关系(r＝0.409,P＜0.01).但Cyclin E蛋白表达与OSCC淋巴结转移、远处转移以及肿瘤临床分期无关(P＞0.05).结论: Cyclin E蛋白表达高调是口腔黏膜癌变过程中的早期事件,并可能与OSCC发生发展进程有关,但Cyclin E蛋白表达尚不能作为反映OSCC生物学特征有价值的标记物.     

FAK和PTEN在喉鳞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 明确黏着斑激酶(FAK)和磷酸脂酶(PTEN)在喉鳞癌组织中的表达情况,及其与病理学特征之间的关系.方法 免疫组化法检测57例喉鳞癌组织中PTEN和FAK的表达;10例癌旁正常组织作对照.结果 FAK在喉鳞癌组织的阳性表达率(78.95%)高于癌旁正常组织(20.00%)(P<0.05);FAK在喉鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率与临床分期、组织分化程度及淋巴结转移相关(P值均<0.05).而与年龄、烟酒嗜好无相关(P＞0.05).PTEN在喉鳞癌组织的阳性表达率(61.40%)低于癌旁正常组织(100.00%)(P<0.05);PTEN在喉鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率与临床分期、组织分化程度及淋巴结转移相关(P值均<0.05),而与年龄、烟酒嗜好无关(P＞0.05).PTEN与FAK的表达呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 PTEN表达下调引起FAK过度表达,两者可能在喉鳞癌的发生、侵润和转移中发挥重要作用.     

S100A4蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌的表达及其意义

目的:探讨S100A4蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)的表达及其意义.方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测61例OSCC组织和20例正常口腔黏膜(NOM)组织中S100A4蛋白的表达情况,并分析S100A4蛋白的表达与OSCC临床病理特征之间的关系.结果:NOM组织中S100A4蛋白不表达,在OSCC组织中S100A4蛋白的表达率为24.6%,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在OSCC中,S100A4蛋白的表达与组织学分级无关(P＞0.05),与淋巴结转移有一定关系(P＜0.01);结论:S100A4蛋白与OSCC的侵袭和转移有一定关系,是判断口腔鳞癌生物学行为、预测转移趋势的有价值指标之一.     

PTEN蛋白在卵巢癌发生发展过程中的表达及临床病理意义

目的:检测抑癌基因PTEN蛋白表达在卵巢癌发生发展中的作用及相关病理机制.方法:采用免疫组化法检测95例卵巢癌组织、19例卵巢交界性肿瘤、10例正常卵巢、10例卵巢囊肿组织中PTEN蛋白表达,比较其表达与卵巢癌临床病理特征的关系.结果:卵巢交界性肿瘤和卵巢癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达显著低于正常卵巢和卵巢囊肿(P＜0.05);PTEN蛋白表达与卵巢癌组织分化程度呈正相关(P＜0.01),与临床病理分期负相关(P＜0.05);卵巢癌中PTEN蛋白表达降低或失活与卵巢癌淋巴结转移相关(P＜0.01);上皮性卵巢癌中子宫内膜样癌PTEN蛋白表达最低(P＜0.01).结论:在卵巢癌发生过程中PTEN蛋白表达降低起到重要作用,表达异常的PTEN蛋白与卵巢癌的组织分化程度、临床病理分期和转移能力相关,与上皮性卵巢癌中子宫内膜样癌PTEN蛋白表达关系更为密切.PTEN蛋白表达可作为判定卵巢癌发生及淋巴转移能力的一项有效客观指标.     

食管鳞癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-10和Raf激酶抑制蛋白mRNA的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨食管鳞癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-10(MMP-10)和Raf激酶抑制蛋白(RKIP)mRNA的表达及临床意义.方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测42例食管鳞癌患者的癌组织(食管鳞癌组)及其癌旁正常组织(癌旁组织组)中MMP-10 mRNA、RKIP mRNA的表达,分析其表达与患者临床病理学特征的关系.结果 食管鳞癌组织中MMP-10 mRNA相对表达量高于癌旁正常组织,RKIP mRNA相对表达量低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05);不同性别、年龄、肿瘤分化程度的患者的MMP-10 mRNA、RKIP mRNA表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期及有淋巴转移的患者MMP-10 mRNA相对表达量分别高于Ⅰ 期+Ⅱ 期及无淋巴结转移患者,且RKIP mRNA相对表达量分别低于 Ⅰ期+Ⅱ 期及淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05).MMP-10 mRNA与RKIP mRNA的表达呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 MMP-10 mRNA高表达以及RKIP mRNA低表达可能与食管鳞癌的发生发展有关,并对患者预后判断有一定的价值.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.