光照对尼群地平固体分散体微丸体外溶出度的影响

目的:考察光照对尼群地平固体分散体微丸体外溶出行为的影响。方法:将以PEG6000、PVPk30、F68和PVPk30/F68为载体的微丸4种尼群地平固体分散体微丸,分别置于日光灯3000Lx、自然光下照射,于0,5,10d取样,通过体外溶出度试验考察微丸中药物的溶出行为变化。结果:在日光灯3000Lx和自然光照射下,4种尼群地平固体分散体微丸的体外溶出速度均有下降,自然光的影响更为显著。几种微丸中,以F68微丸对光的稳定性最好,自然光照10d后药物的60min累积溶出百分率仍在80%以上。结论:可采用F68作为可溶性载体材料制备尼群地平固体分散体微丸,稳定性较好。     

姜黄素固体分散体处方工艺优化及体外溶出度评价

目的 优化姜黄素固体分散体(CUR SD)的处方工艺.方法 根据溶解度参数及溶出结果 ,优选CUR SD最佳载体及药物与载体的比例.采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法、X-射线粉末衍射分析(XRPD)法和傅立叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)法对制备的CUR SD进行表征,并考察体外溶出度.结果 根据溶解度参数及体外溶出结果 ,优选...     

尼群地平固体分散体的休外溶出特性

目的：制备尼群地平固体分散体,增加其溶解度和溶出速度。方法：以聚乙二醇6000（PEG6000）、聚乙二醇4000（PEG4000）、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPk30)为载体,以溶剂－熔融法和共沉淀法制备尼群地平固体分散体。应用差热分析鉴别药物在载体中的存在状态,同时进行溶解测定和溶出度研究。结果：尼群地平与载体形成了共熔物,药物以微细结晶存在于载体中,载体比例越大,药物溶出越快,溶解度越大,结论：尼群地平与3种载体形成的固体散全在水中的溶解度均有显著增加（P＜0．05）。当尼群地平－载体比例达1：4时,尼群地平从固体分散体中的溶出速度明显大于尼群地平纯药和尼发群地平－载体（1：8）物理混合物（P＜0．05）。3种载体中以PVPK30对尼群地平的溶解度及溶出速度增加最为显著。     

利用固体分散体技术改善吴茱萸次碱体外溶出度研究

目的:制备吴茱萸次碱(Rut)固体分散体(SD),提高Rut体外溶出度。方法:分别以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为载体,采用溶剂-共沉淀法,制备含不同辅助载体(微粉硅胶、乳糖、微晶纤维素、去氧胆酸、卵磷脂、滑石粉等)及比例的Rut-SD,评价其体外溶出度并进行处方优选;采用X-射线衍射分析和差示热分析法对SD进行物相鉴别。结果:处方组成以Rut-PVP-微粉硅胶(1∶2∶1)和Rut-PVP-乳糖(1∶2∶2)较好,其累积溶出度(60 min)较同成分组成的物理混合物提高了约6倍;物相鉴别结果表明Rut以微晶状态存在于SD中。结论:以PVP为载体、适当比例的微粉硅胶和乳糖为辅助载体制备的Rut-SD可显著提高Rut的体外溶出度。     

尼群地平固体分散片的制备及体外评价

目的 制备尼群地平固体分散片.方法 采用溶剂法、熔融法制备尼群地平固体分散体,再与适当辅料混合压片制备分散片.结果 采用固体分散法制备的分散片较原料药直接制备的分散片溶出更快,且聚乙二醇(PEG)为载体制备的分散片较聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶出更快.结论 先制备固体分散体再制备分散片,有助于提高难溶性药物的溶出速度和程度.     

硝苯地平固体分散体制备工艺的研究

目的利用固体分散技术将硝苯地平制成固体分散体,提高其体外溶出速率。方法分别以聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)、聚乙二醇4000(PEG4000)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30(PVPK30)、泊洛沙姆188(Pluronic F68)等为载体,用熔融法、溶剂法、溶剂-熔融法和喷雾干燥法制备硝苯地平固体分散体。采用差热分析法(DTA)分析药物在固体分散体中的存在状态,并进行体外溶出度试验。结果各种固体分散体均能加快药物的溶出速率,并且随着载体在固体分散体中的比例增大,溶出速率增大。DTA分析显示硝苯地平在PVPK30的固体分散体中以微细结晶存在。结论将硝苯地平制成固体分散体能显著提高硝苯地平的体外溶出速率。     

尼群地平固体分散体及其片剂的体外溶出度评价

目的:运用固体分散技术提高尼群地平的体外溶出速率.方法:采用紫外分光光度法测定药物浓度,以体外溶出为指标,对固体分散体的载体、制备方法及比例进行优化.通过粉末直接压片法制备尼群地平固体分散片,根据日本橙皮书的要求对片剂的体外溶出进行考察.结果:采用泊洛沙姆188为载体,药物与载体比例为1:5,通过熔融法制备的固体分散体体外溶出效果较好,且制成的片剂,在4种介质(含0.15％吐温-80的水溶液、pH 1.2盐酸溶液、pH 4.0醋酸盐缓冲液、pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液)中,45 min时最低累积溶出度达80.3%.结论:通过固体分散技术制备的尼群地平片体外溶出能满足日本橙皮书的要求,且工艺简单、易于实施.     

固体分散体技术提高难溶性药物溶出度的研究新进展

通过查阅有关文献,对近年来固体分散体技术研究新进展进行总结,如热熔挤出技术、共研磨技术、溶剂-喷雾(冷冻)干燥法、超临界流体技术等。并对固体分散体技术增加难溶性药物的溶出度机制进行探讨。     

溶剂蒸发-沉积法制备尼群地平固体分散体

目的：采用溶剂蒸发-沉积法制备尼群地平固体分散体。方法：通过单因素试验和正交设计试验详细考察了影响尼群地平固体分散体中药物释放的处方因素和制备工艺因素，并通过X-射线粉末衍射（XRD）和差示扫描量热（DSC）实验对药物可能存在的状态进行了判断。结果：固体分散体的最优处方与工艺为PVPk30、L-HPC，两者的比例为2：7，溶剂为二氯甲烷，超声时间10min，水浴温度80℃。XRD和DSC实验表明药物可能以无定型存在于固体分散体中。结论：采用溶剂蒸发-沉积法制备尼群地平固体分散体，简便可行、易于工业化。     

阿托伐他汀钙固体分散体颗粒溶出度的测定

目的建立阿托伐他汀钙固体分散体颗粒溶出度的测定方法。方法运用紫外可见分光光度法测定溶出度,检测波长242 nm,十二烷基硫酸钠为空白对照。结果阿托伐他汀钙的线性范围为4～20 mg/L(r=0.999 6),平均回收率为99.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.44%,溶出度大于90%。结论紫外可见分光光度法可用于阿托伐他汀钙片剂或颗粒溶出度的测定。     

冬凌草甲素固体分散体的制备及溶解性能研究

目的 采用固体分散技术,提高冬凌草甲素的体外溶解性能。方法 分别以聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30(PVPK30)为载体,制备冬凌草甲素固体分散体。采用紫外分光光度法进行含量测定,差示热分析法鉴别药物在载体中的存在状态,并进行溶解度、体外溶出速率实验。结果 两种载体的固体分散体均能增加药物的溶解度和溶出速率,冬凌草甲素在载体中以高度分散状态存在。结论 以 PVPK30为载体制备的冬凌草甲素固体分散体体外溶解度和溶出速率明显提高。     

尼莫地平固体分散物的研究

尼莫地平临床上主要用于防治缺血性脑血管疾病．该药为难溶性药物，生物利用度低，本文采用了固体分散技术制备了尼莫地平两种固体分散物，其体外溶出速率１０分钟以内达８０％以上，较市售片有显著提高．两种固体分散物中，固体分散物Ⅰ为本实验室研制，固体分散物Ⅱ参照国内、外文献用ＰＶＰ为载体制备．两种固体分散物均能明显提高尼莫地平的体外溶出速率，但固体分散物Ⅱ易于老化，经相对湿度ＲＨ７５％４０℃贮藏３个月溶出速率明显下降，同样条件下，固体分散物Ⅰ则无明显变化．二种固体分散物Ｘ－射线衍射图谱表明尼莫地平以非晶体状态存在，而在ＲＨ７５％４０℃条件下放置３个月后，固体分散物ⅡＸ－射线衍射图谱出现了尼莫地平结晶峰．     

尼群地平固体分散物溶出度及稳定性的研究

采用固体分散技术制备了 2种尼群地平固体分散物 ,体外溶出速率均有显著增加 ,X 射线衍射实验表明 2种固体分散物均以非晶状态存在 .稳定性实验表明 ,固体分散物Ⅰ较稳定 ,固体分散物Ⅱ老化现象严重     

尼群地平速释片与普通片的溶出度比较

将尼群地平与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮固体分散体制成速释片,其溶出度与自制及市售国产普通片相比,有明显提高,在含10％乙醇的人工胃液中20min的累积溶出度为70．8％,而自制及市售国产普通片分别为22．7％和21．3％。     

紫外分光光度法测定尼群地平片含量和溶出度

目的 　建立紫外分光光度法测定尼群地平片含量和溶出度。方法 　用紫外分光光度计 ,测定波长为 2 3 7nm,溶出度采用转篮法。结果 　尼群地平在 2 .0 5～ 10 .2 5 μg·m L- 1范围内与吸收度呈良好线性关系 (r=0 .9996) ,平均回收率为 99.94(% ) ,RSD=0 .43 % (n=8) ;6批样品溶出速度差异大 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 　本法简便、准确、可靠。     

共研磨法改善尼群地平体外溶出度的研究

目的:采用共研磨法改善尼群地平的体外溶出度。方法:设计单因素试验考察药物与辅料的共研相数(单相、两相和三相)、共研辅料种类(微晶纤维素(MCC)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮k30(PVPk30)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC))、共研时间(0、10、20、30、40、50、60min)及主药与共研辅料MCC比例(1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5、1∶6、1∶7、1∶8、1∶9)对尼群地平粉末及片剂体外溶出度的影响。结果:确定共研磨法条件为共研相数为两相,辅料为HPC或MCC,共研时间40min,主药与MCC比例1∶4。在此条件时,共研粉末的药物10min累积溶出百分率可达80%以上,共研粉末片剂40min可达80%以上。结论:难溶性药物尼群地平在适当条件下采用共研磨法可以显著改善其体外溶出度。     

坎地沙坦固体分散体的制备及溶出度、稳定性研究

目的利用固体分散技术提高坎地沙坦的溶解性。方法以体外溶出度为指标,通过单因素试验,考察处方和工艺因素对坎地沙坦固体分散体中药物溶出的影响,运用正交试验选定坎地沙坦固体分散体的最优处方;采用FTIR、DSC、XRD分析技术对药物与载体间的相互作用及药物在固体分散体中的存在状态进行鉴定,探讨固体分散体的增溶机制,考察固体分散体的稳定性。结果以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVPK30）为载体,二氯甲烷：甲醇：乙醇－2：2：l为混合溶剂制备的固体分散体溶出度lh可达99％;红外分析表明坎地沙坦与PVPK30间有氢键形成;DSC及XRD表征表明坎地沙坦以微晶或无定形态分散于PVPK30中;稳定性加速试验显示固体分散体经过30d后XRD显示药物无明显的团聚,仍以微晶或无定形态存在。结论固体分散技术能有效提高坎地沙坦的溶出度。制得的坎地沙坦固体分散体为一稳定体系,具有实际应用价值。     

Physicochemical Characterization and Dissolution Study of Solid Dispersions of Lovastatin with Polyethylene Glycol 4000 and Polyvinylpyrrolidone K30

Solid dispersions in water-soluble carriers have attracted considerable interest as a means of improving the dissolution rate, and hence possibly bioavailability, of a range of hydrophobic drugs. The aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug, Lovastatin, by a solid dispersion technique. Solid dispersions were prepared by using polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) in different drug-to‐carrier ratios. Dispersions with PEG 4000 were prepared by fusion-cooling and solvent evaporation, whereas dispersions containing PVP K30 were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. These new formulations were characterized in the liquid state by phase solubility studies and in the solid state by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The aqueous solubility of Lovastatin was favored by the presence of both polymers. The negative values of the Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of transfer explained the spontaneous transfer from pure water to the aqueous polymer environment. Solid-state characterization indicated Lovastatin was present as amorphous material and entrapped in polymer matrix. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure Lovastatin, the dispersion of the drug in the polymers considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. This can be attributed to improved wettability and dispersibility, as well as decrease of the crystalline and increase of the amorphous fraction of the drug. Solid dispersion prepared with PVP showed the highest improvement in wettability and dissolution rate of Lovastatin. Even physical mixture of Lovastatin prepared with both polymers also showed better dissolution profile than that of pure Lovastatin. Tablets containing solid dispersion prepared with PEG and PVP showed significant improvement in the release profile of Lovastatin compared with tablets containing Lovastatin without PEG or PVP.     

Moisture-Induced Amorphous Phase Separation of Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Molecular Mechanism,Microstructure, and Its Impact on Dissolution Performance

Amorphous phase separation (APS) is commonly observed in amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) when exposed to moisture. The objective of this study was to investigate: (1) the phase behavior of amorphous solid dispersions composed of a poorly water-soluble drug with extremely low crystallization propensity, BMS-817399, and PVP, following exposure to different relative humidity (RH), and (2) the impact of phase separation on the intrinsic dissolution rate of amorphous solid dispersion. Drug-polymer interaction was confirmed in ASDs at different drug loading using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and water vapor sorption analysis. It was found that the drug-polymer interaction could persist at low RH (≤75% RH) but was disrupted after exposure to high RH, with the advent of phase separation. Surface morphology and composition of 40/60 ASD at micro-/nano-scale before and after exposure to 95% RH were also compared. It was found that hydrophobic drug enriched on the surface of ASD after APS. However, for the 40/60 ASD system, the intrinsic dissolution rate of amorphous drug was hardly affected by the phase behavior of ASD, which may be partially attributed to the low crystallization tendency of amorphous BMS-817399 and enriched drug amount on the surface of ASD. Intrinsic dissolution rate of PVP decreased resulting from APS, leading to a lower concentration in the dissolution medium, but supersaturation maintenance was not anticipated to be altered after phase separation due to the limited ability of PVP to inhibit drug precipitation and prolong the supersaturation of drug in solution. This study indicated that for compounds with low crystallization propensity and high hydrophobicity, the risk of moisture-induced APS is high but such phase separation may not have profound impact on the drug dissolution performance of ASDs. Therefore, application of ASD technology on slow crystallizers could incur low risks not only in physical stability but also in dissolution performance.