Solubilized benzoyl peroxide versus benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin in the treatment of moderate acne

BACKGROUND: Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is poorly soluble. A solubilized formulation of BPO has been developed to maximize its bioavailability and enhance follicular penetration. METHODS: Patients with acne vulgaris were randomly assigned to receive solubilized BPO 5% gel on one side of the face and a BPO 5%/clindamycin 1% combination product on the contralateral side, twice daily for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Of 23 patients enrolled, 100% completed the study. Reductions in lesion count with the solubilized BPO gel were at least as great as with BPO/clindamycin--and significantly greater (P< or =.05) for noninflammatory lesions at week 1 and inflammatory lesions at week 4. Both regimens were generally well tolerated and patient satisfaction was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Solubilized BPO 5% gel monotherapy offers significantly greater efficacy, and comparable patient satisfaction, compared with BPO/clindamycin. The early reduction in lesion counts observed with the solubilized BPO gel in the absence of an antibiotic is clinically relevant.     

Comparison of chloroxylenol 0.5% plus salicylic acid 2% cream and benzoyl peroxide 5% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized double-blind study

A 12-week double-blind randomized study was performed to compare benzoyl peroxide 5% (BP) gel and chloroxylenol 0.5% plus salicylic acid 2% (PCMX + SA) cream (Nisal cream) for efficacy and adverse reactions. Thirty-seven volunteers participated in the study, 19 in the BP group and 18 in the PCMX + SA group. The patients applied the medication twice daily to the entire face. Clinical evaluation and lesion counts were obtained at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks. At week 12 both groups showed a marked improvement in both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions (60% and 54% for the BP group and 62% and 56% for and 56% for the PCMX + SA group, respectively). Although PCMX + SA showed a slightly stronger keratolytic effect throughout the study period, there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of the papulopustules or comedones between the two groups. Adverse effects such as erythema and photosensitivity were significantly fewer in the PCMX + SA group at week 12 (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that PCMX + SA cream is as effective as BP gel in the treatment of papulopustular and comedonal acne and that it is better tolerated.     

Efficacy and safety of topical nadifloxacin and benzoyl peroxide versus clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide in acne vulgaris: A randomized controlled trial

Background:

Topical therapy with comedolytics and antibiotics are often advocated for mild and moderate severity acne vulgaris. Nadifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone with anti-Propionibacterium acnes activity and additional anti-inflammatory activity, is approved for use in acne. This randomized controlled assessor blind trial compared the clinical effectiveness and safety of eight weeks therapy of nadifloxacin 1% versus clindamycin 1% as add-on therapy to benzoyl peroxide (2.5%) in mild to moderate grade acne.

Materials and Methods:

The efficacy parameters were changes in the total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts, Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) scales from baseline to study end (eight weeks). All treatment emergent dermatological adverse events were evaluated for safety assessment.

Results:

Out of 84 randomized subjects (43-nadifloxacin arm) and (41-clindamycin) 42 in nadifloxacin group, 37 in clindamycin group completed the study. Reduction from baseline of total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts were highly significant in both the groups (P<0.0001), but between group differences were not significant. Significant improvement in CADI and IGA scales were noted in both groups. Between-group comparison showed no significant differences. The safety and tolerability profile of both regimens were good and statistically comparable.

Conclusions:

Topical nadifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone is effective, tolerable, and safe for mild o moderate facial acne. Its clinical effectiveness is comparable to clindamycin when used as add-on therapy to benzoyl peroxide.KEY WORDS: Acne vulgaris, clindamycin, nadifloxacin, randomized controlled trial     

Selective assay of benzoyl peroxide in lotions and creams.

A selective titrimetric method for the determination of benzoyl peroxide in lotions and creams was developed. It is based on the work of Horner and Jürgens, in which diacylperoxides, dialkylperoxides, peracids, and alkylhydroperoxides can be determined selectively by iodometry and acidimetry. The proposed assay is stability indicating with respect to peracids. Good recovery data were obtained.     

Stability of benzoyl peroxide in aromatic ester-containing topical formulations

The chemical stability of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was studied in solutions and gels. The solutions (1% w/v) were prepared in single solvents (alcohol USP, isopropyl alcohol USP, ethyl benzoate, C12-15 alkyl benzoate, dimethyl isosorbide, propylene carbonate, and acetone) and in binary and tertiary combinations of these solvents, with and without the addition of antioxidant(s) (BHT, BHA, eugenol, tert-butyl hydroquinone, Tenox-2, vitamin E, and vitamin C). The solutions were stored at 37 degrees C for 5 weeks, and each week were analyzed for remaining BPO. Using first-order kinetics, the stability of BPO in solution was found to decrease in the order: ternary>binary>single solvent systems. Regardless of the number of solvents present, the highest stability of BPO (t1/2>7.5 weeks) was attained in the presence of ethyl benzoate and C12-15 alkyl benzoate. The stability of BPO in solution did not change significantly with the addition of most antioxidants. The solutions in which BPO remained most stable were one in alcohol USP-ethyl benzoate-C12-15 alkyl benzoate (60:20:20; t1/2=18.15 weeks) and another in alcohol USP-C12-15 alkyl benzoate-isopropanol plus 0.1% BHT (65:20:15; t1/2=12.44 weeks). In turn, these two solutions were converted to homogeneous gels by the addition of Cab-O-Sil. The chemical stability of BPO in these gels was evaluated at 37 degrees, 45 degrees, 50 degrees, and 55 degrees C for 5 weeks. Parallel experiments were conducted with two commercial BPO products, a 2.5% tinted gel and 5% vanishing lotion. BPO was less stable in commercial products (t1/2相似文献   

HPLC法测定祛痘类化妆品中的过氧化苯甲酰

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定祛痘除螨类化妆品中的过氧化苯甲酰的方法。方法采用ZORBAX C18柱,4．6×250mm．5μm;以甲醇-0．02mol·L^-1的醋酸铵溶液（80：20）为流动相;检测波长为230nm。结果过氧化苯甲酰在0．224μg·mL^-1～44．8μg·mL^-1范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0．9996．过氧化苯甲酰的平均回收率为95．94％．RSD％为2．5％。结论上述建立的方法简便易行、准确、重现性好,可用于祛痘类化妆品中禁用物质过氧化苯甲酰的检测。     

The stability of benzoyl peroxide by isothermal microcalorimetry

Isothermal microcalorimetry may be used to determine kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for chemical reactions. This paper reports rate constants, determined as a function of temperature, and the activation enthalpy for the degradation of solid benzoyl peroxide as determined by isothermal microcalorimetry. Studies were conducted on aqueous suspension phase, solid benzoyl peroxide. In addition, supporting evidence is cited from work carried out in this laboratory on the solution phase degradation of benzoyl peroxide using UV-visible spectrophotometry. The activation energy obtained by microcalorimetry was E(a)=137.8+/-6.6 kJ mol(-1) and the activation energy obtained from UV-visible spectrophotometry was E(a)=112.7+/-4.2 kJ mol(-1).     

过氧化苯甲酰测定方法研究

本文研究了用紫外分光光度法测定面粉及面制品中过氧化苯甲酰的方法。探讨了样品处理,还原、蒸馏、吸收光谱等条件。本法回收率:92—110%,CV6.3%.检出(?):0.02g/kg,检测范围:0—1.3g/kg。满足了正常监督监测工作的需要。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定复方水杨酸洗剂中水杨酸和间苯二酚的含量

目的　建立测定复方水杨酸洗剂中水杨酸和间苯二酚含量的高效液相色谱法。方法　采用反相C18色谱柱,以乙腈 甲醇 水(10∶5∶85 )为流动相,流速: 1. 0mL·min-1,检测波长为 278nm。结果　水杨酸与间苯二酚的线性范围均为 300 ~900μg·mL-1,水杨酸r=0. 999 6,平均回收率为 100. 24%,RSD为 0. 83%;间苯二酚r=0. 9995,平均回收率为 99. 97%,RSD为 1. 02%.结论　该方法简便准确,可同时测定复方水杨酸洗剂中水杨酸及间苯二酚的含量。     

HPLC法测定水杨酸苯酚洗剂中苯酚和水杨酸的含量

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高效液相色谱法测定鞣柳硼三酸散中水杨酸的含量

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