单纯收缩期高血压患者左心室肥厚与室性心律失常的关系

目的探讨单纯收缩期高血压的病人左室肥厚与心律失常的关系。方法采用２４ｈ动态心电图和彩色多普勒超声观察患者左室肥厚及心律失常的发生情况，并观察单纯收缩期高血压与舒张期高血压左室结构改变。结果左室肥厚组室性心律失常发生率明显高于非左室肥厚组（Ｐ＞０．０１），单纯收缩期高血压组左室肥厚高于舒张期高血压组。结论左室肥厚可使室性心律失常发生率增加，收缩压增高较舒张压增高更易导致左室肥厚。     

老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚与心肌缺血、室性心律失常和心衰的相关性

目的 :探讨老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚与心肌缺血、心律失常、心衰间的相关性。方法 :以动态心电图和超声心动图分别检测 6 8例老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚 (HL VH)患者及 30例老年单纯收缩期高血压 (SHT)患者的心肌供血、心律和心功能。结果 :HL VH组心肌缺血、室性早搏的发生率显著高于 SHT组 ;左室收缩功能障碍组 L VEF,CI明显减低 ;左室舒张功能障碍组二尖瓣舒张早期流速 (E峰 )、E/ A、舒张早期减速度显著减低。结论 :老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚与心肌缺血、室性心律失常、心衰间关系密切 ,是一项独立的心血管病死亡的重要危险因素。     

老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚与心肌缺血,室性心律失常和心 …

目的：探讨老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚与心肌缺血、心律失常、心衰间的相关性。方法：以动态心电图和超声心动图分别检测６８例老年收缩期高血压左室肥厚（ＨＬＶＨ）患者及３０例老年单纯收缩期高血压（ＳＨＴ）患者的心肌供血、心律和心功能。结果：ＨＬＶＨ组心肌缺血、室性早搏的发生率显著高于ＳＨＴ组;左室收缩功能障碍组ＬＶＥＦ,ＣＩ明显减低;左室舒张功能障碍组二尖瓣舒张早期流速（Ｅ峰）、Ｅ／Ａ、舒张早期减速度显著减     

高血压病患者左室肥厚与复杂性室性心律失常关系的研究

目的 探讨高血压病患者左室肥厚与复杂性室性心律失常的关系,为临床诊断治疗提供依据.方法 选择高血压病(均符合2005年中国高血压防治指南修订版)患者共432例,依据左室肥厚及年龄,分别分为左室肥厚、非左室肥厚及年龄≥60岁、＜60岁各两组.应用彩色超声心动图[按照美国超声心动图学会(ASE)推荐的方法 测量]和24 h动态心电图进行检查.结果 合并左室肥厚组复杂性室性心律失常的发生率高达33.76%,显著高于非左室肥厚组的9.82%;在≥60岁患者中左室肥厚及复杂性心律失常的发生率高于<60岁患者(P<0.01);有左室肥厚及复杂性心律失常者常合并缺血性ST段改变.结论 高血压病患者早期积极控制血压是减少发生左室肥厚,进而预防复杂性室性心律失常的关键,从而减少心脏事件的发生.     

老年高血压伴左室肥厚的QT离散度与心律失常相关性的临床观察

目的　观察老年高血压伴左室肥厚病人的 QT离散度与心律失常的关系。方法　选择 32例老年健康人和 90例老年高血压病人进行体表心电图、超声心动图和动态心电图检查 ,作 QT离散度测定。结果　 (1 )高血压伴左室肥厚组的 QT离散度明显大于健康对照组及高血压非左室肥厚组。 (2 )高血压伴心律失常组的 QT离散度明显大于健康对照组及高血压非心律失常组。 (3)高血压伴左室肥厚组其心律失常发生率明显高于健康对照组。结论　高血压伴左室肥厚病人的 QT离散度明显增高 ,其心律失常发生率也显著增高     

哌唑嗪对单纯收缩期高血压患者左室肥厚的影响

以超声心动图观察哌唑嗪对48例单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)和32例舒张期高血压(DH)患者左室肥厚的影响。ISH组室间隔和左室后壁分别减少2.5和1.8mm(P均<0.01),左室重量指数下降61g/m~2(P<0.01),左心收缩和舒张功能改善。DH组室间隔肥厚减轻,但左室重量下降及左室舒张功能改善的幅度均小于ISH组。     

胰岛素生长因子-1与老年2型糖尿病合并左室肥厚和高血压的相关性

目的探讨胰岛素生长因子(IGF)-1与老年2型糖尿病合并左室肥厚和高血压的相关性。方法测量42例左室肥厚合并高血压、40例老年2型糖尿病、58例老年2型糖尿病合并左室肥厚及高血压及37例老年对照组的IGF-1、左室后壁厚度、室间隔厚度、左室重量指数等指标。结果老年2型糖尿病组的IGF-1显著低于老年对照组(P0.05);左室肥厚合并高血压组IGF-1是明显升高(P0.05)。老年2型糖尿病合并左室肥厚及高血压组IGF-1的水平与老年对照组比较无明显统计学差异(P0.05)。左室肥厚合并高血压组的IGF-1浓度与左室收缩功能障碍(r=0.615)、左室后壁厚度(r=0.737)、室间隔厚度(r=0.347)及左室重量指数(r=0.693)密切相关,老年2型糖尿病合并左室肥厚及高血压组的IGF-1浓度与左室收缩功能障碍(r=0.459)、左室后壁厚度(r=0.357)及左室重量指数(r=0.675)密切相关。结论 IGF-1参与老年2型糖尿病、左室肥厚、高血压时心脏及血糖的病理变化,老年人高水平的IGF-1会增加冠心病和脑卒中的危险性,同时是临床治疗及预防的一项可靠的参考指标。     

国内动态

高血压病患者动态血压参数与左室肥厚及颈动脉内中膜厚度的关系中华心血管病杂志,2005,33:243246.该文探讨高血压病患者动态血压参数对左室肥厚及颈动脉内中膜厚度检测的意义。方法:收集北京大学第一医院老年内科初诊的高血压病患者147例经超声心动图和颈动脉超声检查分为左室肥厚组(n=45)和非左室肥厚组(n=102),颈动脉内中膜增厚组(n=52)和非内中膜增厚组(n=95),经询问病史、体检、测定动态血压参数,血脂、血糖等生化指标进行比较。结果:(1)左室肥厚组与非左室肥厚组的临床指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)左室肥厚组与非左室肥厚组…     

单纯收缩期高血压患者室早的相关因素

高血压患者左室肥厚被认为与室早呈正相关,但目前许多关于心律失常与高血压关系的研究对象是舒张期高血压,有关单纯收缩期高血压患者心律失常的发生及特征的报道很少。本文对4674例老年(≥60岁)单纯收缩期高血压患者的静息12导联和2分钟Ⅱ导联心电图(ECG)上的室性心律失常进行了分析。     

原发性单纯收缩期高血压患者自主神经活性 及其昼夜节律变化

心率变异 (HRV)可无创定量评价心脏自主神经活性 ,是预测心血管疾病死亡的独立危险因子。本文旨在探讨原发性单纯收缩期高血压患者自主神经活性及其昼夜节律变化。1　对象与方法1 .1　对象92例原发性单纯收缩期高血压患者 (高血压组 )均符合 WHO1 978年高血压诊断标准 ,凡影响HRV的疾病除外。所有患者均行彩色多普勒检测 ,根据超声心动图计算左室重量指数 (LVMI)分为两组 :高血压左室肥厚 (肥厚组 ) 36例 ,其中男 2 1例 ,女 1 5例 ;单纯高血压 (非肥厚组 ) 56例 ,其中男 2 7例 ,女 2 9例。对照组 39例 ,均为来我院体检的健康者 ,其中…     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

N-acetyl-L-cysteine combined with mesalamine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis： Randomized,placebo-controlled pilot study

AIM： To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral N-acetyl-L-cysteine （NAC） co-administration with mesalamine in ulcerative colitis （UC） patients.
METHODS： Thirty seven patients with mild to moderate UC were randomized to receive a four-wk course of oral mesalamine （2.4 g/d） plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （0.8 g/d） （group A） or mesalamine plus placebo （group B）. Patients were monitored using the Modified Truelove-Witts Severity Index （MTWSI）. The primary endpoint was clinical remission （MTWSI ≤ 2） at 4 wk. Secondary endpoints were clinical response （defined as a reduction from baseline in the MTWSI of ≥ 2 points） and drug safety. The serum TNF-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were evaluated at baseline and at 4 wk of treatment. RESULTS： Analysis per-protocol criteria showed clinical remission rates of 63% and 50% after 4 wk treatment with mesalamine plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （group A） and mesalamine plus placebo （group B） respectively （OR = 1.71; 95% CI： 0.46 to 6.36; P = 0.19; NNT = 7.7）. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） of data indicated a significant reduction of MTWSI in group A （P = 0.046） with respect to basal condition without significant changes in the group B （P = 0.735） during treatment. Clinical responses were 66% （group A） vs 44% （group B） after 4 wk of treatment （OR = 2.5; 95% CI： 0.64 to 9.65; P = 0.11; NNT = 4.5）. Clinical improvement in group A correlated with a decrease of IL-8 and MCP-1. Rates of adverse events did not differ significantly between both groups.
CONCLUSION： In group A （oral NAC combined with mesalamine） contrarily to group B （mesalamine alone）, the clinical improvement correlates with a decrease of chemokines such as MCP-1 and IL-8. NAC addition not produced any side effects.     

Delorme's transrectal excision for internal rectal prolapse

Surgical therapy of functional outlet obstruction in patients with internal rectal intussusception may include abdominal, perineal, or transrectal procedures. Because abdominal procedures often result in significant physiologic impact but unrelieved constipation, the authors have elected Delorme's transrectal excision for management of these patients. Since a short-term placebo effect attends many therapies, this report describes results of transrectal excision only after a threeyear postoperative period. Delorme's transrectal excision of internal intussusception accomplished sustained symptomatic relief in over 70 percent of otherwise refractory constipated patients. The association of internal intussusception with other abnormalities underscores the importance of defining both anatomic and functional components when selecting patients whose constipation may require surgical therapy. Critical technical elements, surgical pitfalls, and potential complications of the procedure are discussed.Poster presentation at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Toronto, Canada, June 11 to 16, 1989.     

The oral glucose tolerance test: A comparison of the time points on the basis of limit values,normal dispersion,and reproducibility

Summary Time points in the glucose tolerance test (GTT) are compared on the basis of limit values, dispersion within a reference population, and reproducibility. We suggest using the distance between a limit value and the median reference value as a measure of the magnitude of abnormality. The distance between 140 mg/100 ml and the median fasting plasma glucose value is chosen as a standard distance and limits for other points in the GTT are calculated to equal this standard distance of abnormality. We suggest that the probability of correctly interpreting an inividual result is directly related to the reproducibility of the test and inversely related to the percentage of the total range of values which is dispersed among the normal population. The ratio of reproducibility to percentage normal dispersion is proposed as an index of the probability of correctly interpreting an individual result. According to this index, the probability of correct interpretation varies in order: fasting plasma glucose concentration>3-h>2-h>0.5-h>1-h plasma glucose concentration.