BRL-37344对豚鼠心肌细胞ICa-L、Ito的影响

目的 为研究β3肾上腺素能受体介导的心脏生物学效应--β3肾上腺素能受体激活后心肌细胞电生理活动的变化.方法 以原代培养的豚鼠心肌细胞为对象, 采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录心肌细胞孵育β3肾上腺素能受体激动剂4-[-[2-hydroxy-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl-amino]propyl]phenoxyacetate(BRL-37344; BRL)5~10 min前后ICa-L,Ito(L型钙离子通道和瞬时外向钾通道)的变化.结果 显示10-6 mol/L的BRL显著增强豚鼠心肌细胞的Ito,上移I-V曲线;去极化刺激到+80 mV时,电流密度从(6.11±1.03) pA/pF上升到(8.46±2.07) pA/pF(n=6,P=0.013064).10-6 mol/L的BRL显著增强豚鼠心肌细胞的ICa-L,为对照组的(2.30±0.75)倍(n=5,P=0.0063);去极化刺激到+10 mV时,电流幅度从(89.25±17.83) pA上升到(205.00±72.24) pA.结论 BRL-37344可增强豚鼠心肌瞬时外向钾电流和L型钙电流,进而调控心脏的活动.     

炙甘草汤含药血清对兔心肌细胞钙电流的影响

目的用血清药理学的方法研究炙甘草汤含药血清对兔心肌细胞L型Ca2 通道电流(ICa-L)的影响。方法进行单个心室肌细胞的分离和膜片钳全细胞记录,实验分为对照组和5%、10%、20%、40%空白血清组及5%、10%、20%、40%含药血清组,分别以普通细胞外液及加入上述浓度血清的细胞外液进行灌流,检测各组对ICa-L的影响。结果含药血清各组均可抑制ICa-L,5%、10%、20%、40%含药血清分别将ICa-L峰值从(9.4±1.0)电流密度(pA/pF),降至(7.8±1.0)、(6.7±0.7)、(5.6±0.9)、(5.7±1.1)pA/pF。结论炙甘草汤含药血清可抑制ICa-L,且呈浓度依赖性作用增强,这可能就是炙甘草汤抗心律失常作用的机理。     

兔心肌梗死后心室肌细胞钙电流变化及比索洛尔的影响

目的本研究观察心肌梗死(myocardial infarction,MI)后3周,兔心室肌细胞L型钙电流(ICa-L)的改变及比索洛尔的影响.方法采用Langendoff灌流法获得单个心室肌细胞,利用膜片钳技术全细胞记录模式,记录心室肌细胞L型钙电流(ICa-L).结果本实验记录了3组心室肌细胞的ICa-L的电流的变化.MI组ICa-L电流峰值显著高于伪手术组(Sham组)(2.19±0.84)nA vs(1.57±0.56)nA,(P＜0.05),比索洛尔组(β-B组)(1.78±0.53)nA与Sham组间无显著差异.但经膜电容标化后,ICa-L电流密度3组间无显著差异[MI组(12.60±3.74)pA/pF、β-B组(12.57±2.69)pMpF、Sham组(12.49±4.21)pA/pF],Ⅰ～Ⅴ曲线呈典型"铃型"曲线.结论比索洛尔可减轻MI非梗塞区心室肌细胞ICa-L的变化.     

兔心肌梗死后右心室肌细胞离子通道电流的变化

目的探讨心肌梗死后右心室肌细胞离子通道电流的变化.方法该研究采用结扎兔冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立心肌梗死动物模型,应用膜片钳全细胞记录方法,记录心肌梗死后2个月右心室心肌细胞钠通道电流(INa)、L-钙通道电流(ICa-L)、瞬间外向钾电流(Ico)的变化.结果心肌梗死后2个月,心肌梗死组INa电流密度峰值[(20.42±1 73)pA/pF,n=15]较对照组[(35 40±3.43)pA/pF,n=16]明显下降(P＜0.05);心肌梗死组ICa-L电流密度峰值[(5.71±0.93)pA/pF,n=12]与对照组[(6.28±1.03)pA/pF,n=10]略下降,但无明显差异(P＞0.05);心肌梗死组Ito电流密度( 60 nV时)[(8.61±0.95)pA/pF,n=16]较对照组[(14.38±1.24)pA/pF,n=17]明显下降(P＜0.05).结论心肌梗死可引起右心室肌细胞INa和Ito的下降,造成心肌传导速度下降和动作电位时程相对延长、复极异常,可能是导致心肌梗死后出现室性心律失常的离子机制.     

细胞外液成分对耐钙心肌细胞急性分离及电生理记录的影响

目的 探讨细胞外液成分对获取适于电生理研究的耐钙心室肌细胞及对L-型钙通道电流(ICa-L)、延迟整流钾电流(IK)记录的影响. 方法 家兔心室肌细胞急性分离采用Langendorff灌流装置及酶解分离技术,心脏灌流前实验组细胞外液为正常台氏液,对照组细胞外液为无钙台氏液,观察细胞外液中的钙离子对获取适于电生理记录的单个耐钙心肌细胞的影响;应用全细胞膜片钳技术,实验组分别以含BaCl2的台氏液及N-甲基-D-葡萄糖胺(NMDG)溶液作为细胞外液记录ICa-L及IK,对照组为正常台氏液. 结果与对照组相比较,实验组心室肌细胞存活率和耐钙心肌细胞存活率均明显升高(71% ±9.7% vs 55% ±10% ;52%±7.9% vs 39%±11% ,n=10,P＜0.05);实验组引出的ICa-L峰值电流大于对照组,且幅值稳定;实验组IK时间依赖性外向电流及尾电流随去极化时间延长增大作用更明显(1.39±0.05 pA/pF vs 0.53±0.14 pA/pF; 0.74±0.09 pA/pF vs 0.39±0.13 pA/pF,n=10,P<0.05).结论 细胞外液中的钙离子有助于获取耐钙心肌细胞,以含BaCl2的台氏液及NMDG溶液作为细胞外液易于获得典型而稳定的ICa-L及IK.     

非去极化停搏液对缺血再灌注心肌细胞L-型钙通道的影响

目的探讨非去极化停搏液（non-depolarizing solution,NDP）对缺血再灌注心肌细胞L-型钙通道（ICa-L）的影响。方法实验分为对照（Con）组、缺血再灌注（I／R）组和非去极化停搏液（NDP）组。选择培养18-48h的sD乳鼠心肌细胞用于实验。Con组细胞不经过缺血再灌注处理;VR组细胞经模拟缺血缺氧3h、再灌注1h处理;NDP组在模拟I／R过程中,加NDP液于细胞培养基中进行干预。用全细胞膜片钳技术检测ICa-L的电流强度和门控特性。结果与对照组相比,I／R组ICa-L的峰值电流密度明显降低[（-9．0±3．8）pA／pFvs（-15．1±8．8）pA／pF,P〈0．05],电流-电压曲线（I-V曲线）上移,翻转电位绝对值减小,稳态激活曲线和失活曲线左移,恢复曲线右移。与I/R组相比,NDP组ICa-L的峰值电流密度升高[（-11．4±6．7）pA／pFvs（-9．0±3．8）pA／pF,P〈0．05],I-V曲线下移,翻转电位绝对值增大,稳态激活曲线和失活曲线右移,恢复曲线左移。结论NDP液可减轻心肌细胞I／R损伤对ICa-L通道的抑制作用和门控特性的改变,有利于保护心肌收缩和舒张功能、减少心律失常的发生。     

葱白提取物对充血性心力衰竭家兔心室相关电生理指标的影响

目的：探讨葱白提取物(FOB)对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)引起室性心律失常相关电生理的影响。方法健康成年雄性新西兰大耳白兔分为正常对照组(Control组,n=15)、CHF模型组(CHF,n=15)和CHF+FOB干预组(FOB组,n=15)。CHF模型制备经兔耳缘静脉注射异丙肾上腺素(0.3 mg· kg-1· d-1,连续注射3周)诱导,后继续喂养6个月成功完成。利用记录在体心脏左心室单相动作电位（MAP）相关静息膜电位（RMP）,动作电位幅度(APA)、最大上升速率(Maxdv/dt)、动作电位复极化恢复10%、20%、50%、90%(APD10、APD20、APD50、APD90)和短阵快速刺激观察心律失常刺激周长(BCL)、诱发率和持续时间在各组变化。酶解法分离单个心室肌细胞,全细胞膜片钳技术观察心室肌细胞L-型钙电流(ICa-L)在用药前后改变。结果与Control组比较,CHF组RMP、APA、Maxdv/dt显著减小, APD10、APD20、APD50和APD90明显延长,并且BCL、诱发率明显增加,持续时间更长(P均<0.01);与CHF组比较, FOB组RMP、APA、Maxdv/dt明显增加,各APD显著缩短,且BCL严重缩短,诱发率和持续时间均降低(P均<0.01)。FOB能明显抑制CHF心室肌细胞ICa-L电流密度(P<0.01),当钳制电压为+20 mV时,与Control组比较,CHF组ICa-L电流密度由(7.1±0.3) pA/pF增加为(10.9±0.5）pA/pF (P<0.01);当加入FOB作用CHF组心室肌细胞后,ICa-L减小为(6.4±0.2) pA/pF (P<0.01)。FOB能使CHF组ICa-L的I-V曲线明显上调,超过Control组。结论 FOB能显著改善CHF心室肌电生理易损性和室性心律失常的易感性,起到抗CHF室性心律失常作用。其机制可能与FOB抑制CHF心室肌细胞ICa-L有关。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ及替米沙坦对大鼠心房肌细胞钾和钙电流的影响

目的研究血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)和替米沙坦对SD大鼠心房肌细胞瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)和L型钙电流(ICa-L)的作用。方法急性酶解法分离SD大鼠心房肌细胞,采用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察AngⅡ、替米沙坦以及AngⅡ联合替米沙坦对大鼠心房肌细胞Ito和ICa-L的影响。结果 AngⅡ(0.1μmol/L)和替米沙坦(0.01μmol/L)以及两药联合均能抑制大鼠心房肌细胞Ito,AngⅡ组、替米沙坦组、联合组干预前后Ito的电流密度值比较差异有统计学意义[(22.48±2.75)vs(15.71±2.06)pA/pF,(24.16±2.36)vs(16.15±1.82)pA/pF,(24.41±2.27)vs(21.35±1.46)pA/pF,P<0.05]。AngⅡ(0.1μmol/L)能显著增强大鼠心房肌细胞ICa-L的峰值电流密度[(-4.51±0.38)vs(-5.16±0.29)pA/pF,P<0.01];替米沙坦(0.01μmol/L)对心房肌细胞ICa-L无明显作用[(-4.35±0.27)vs(-4.29±0.34)pA/pF,P>0.05],但联合组中替米沙坦可拮抗AngⅡ对ICa-L的增强效...     

苦参碱对心室肌细胞快速延迟整流钾电流的影响及致长QT综合征危险性探讨

目的 观察苦参碱对心肌细胞快速延迟整流钾电流(IKr)的作用并撂讨其诱发QT间期延长和致心律失常作用发生的危险性.方法 采用酶解法急性分离单个家兔、豚鼠心室肌细胞,全细胞膜片钳技术观察并苦参碱与胺碘酮对心肌细胞IKr的作用及对动作电位的影响.结果 苦参碱及胺碘酮均呈剂量依赖性押制家兔心室肌细胞IKr,胺碘酮浓度为0.1,1,10uM时,电流密度由(5.51±0.47)pA/pF分别下降到(4.00士0.30)pA/pF,(2.31士0.16)pA/pF和(1.43士0.21)pA/pF(n=8,P<0.05);苦参碱浓度为1,10,100 uM时,IKr电流密度由(5.80士0.57)pA/pF分别下降到(4.80士1.38)pA/pF、(3.34士O.59)pA/pF和(2.34士0.42)pA/pF(n=8,P<0.05).苦参碱、胺碘酮均可呈剂量依赖性明显延长豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位而90%时程(APD90),在胺碘酮给药浓度为0.1,1,10 uM时,APD90分别由(239士11)ms延长至(280±9)ms、(390士20)ms和(573士14)ms(n=8,P<0.05);苦参碱给药浓度为1 uM时.APD90无明显变化,给药浓度为10 uM和100uM时,APD90分别由(226士19)ms延长至(251士20)ms和(283±24)ms(n=8,P相似文献   

哇巴因和乌头碱对豚鼠和大鼠心肌细胞钠电流的作用

目的 观察哇巴因和乌头碱对豚鼠和大鼠心肌细胞钠电流的作用,探讨二药诱发心律失常的机制.方法 用全细胞膜片钳技术分别记录豚鼠和大鼠单个心肌细胞钠电流.结果 在-40mV电压下,哇巴因5μmol/L使Ina从(-48.3±8.9)pA/pF减少到(-22.6±5.6)pA/pF(抑制60.1%,n=5,P＜0.01);乌头碱1μmol/L使Ina从(-21.8±5.8)pA/pF增加到(-67.3±7.8)pA/pF(增加208.7%,n=4,P＜0.01).结论 哇巴因抑制豚鼠心肌细胞钠电流而乌头碱增加大鼠心肌细胞钠电流.不论是抑制还是促进钠电流,二药均使离子通道失衡,这是其诱发心律失常的重要机制.     

维拉帕米对链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响及机制

目的 观察维拉帕米(Ver)对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注(L/R)后心功能,细胞内[Ca2+]i及L-型钙电流(ICa-L)影响,探讨其防治糖尿病心肌I/R损伤的作用和机制.方法 链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠后的第6～14周龄给予Ver(8 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃,Langendorff系统复制大鼠心肌I/R模型,观察不同实验组的心功能变化,双酶法急性分离各组心肌细胞,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜加Fluo-3/AM荧光染色技术和全细胞膜片钳技术分别观察心肌细胞内Ca2+荧光强度和ICa-L大小.结果 (1)与糖尿病组相比,Ver糖尿病组的左心室发展压(91.3±4.6)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133kPa)、舒张末压(1535±280)mm Hg、收缩压最大上升速率(5833±256)mm Hg/s、冠状动脉流量(13.7±0.9)ml/min均明显增加(P<0.01),收缩压最大下降速率(3504±319)mm Hg/s明显减少(P<0.01).(2)Ver糖尿病组心肌细胞内Ca2+荧光强度(155.6±10.9)nmol/L与糖尿病组(245.2±17.5)nmoL/L相比明显减弱(P<0.01).(3)当指令电位为+20 mV时,Ver糖尿病组心肌细胞ICa-L为(-6.81±0.76)pA/pF,与正常对照组[(-8.17±2.07)pA/pF]相比减小(P<0.05),与糖尿病组[(-3.21±0.54)pA/pF]相比增加(P<0.01),与Ver对照组[(-7.14±2.17)pA/pF]相比减少(P>0.05).Ver糖尿病组的I-V曲线显著低于糖尿病组,最大峰值在+20 mV.结论 Ver可以明显改善I/R损伤引起的糖尿病大鼠心功能下降,其机制可能是Ver调控心肌细胞膜上ICa-L内流大小,优化心肌细胞内[Ca2+]i平衡,避免I/R时心肌细胞内Ca2+超载.     

辛伐他汀对兔急性心肌梗死后心室肌细胞L-钙离子通道电流的影响

目的通过研究辛伐他汀预处理对兔急性心肌梗死后24h心室肌细胞L钙离子通道电流（ICa-L）的影响，探讨他汀类药物抗心律失常的细胞学离子机制。方法45只新西兰大耳白兔随机分为3组：心梗组、辛伐他汀治疗组和假手术对照组。采用结扎兔冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立急性心肌梗死（AMI）动物模型，采用酶解的方法分离心室肌外膜单个心室肌细胞，采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录ICa-L，同时检测各组血脂水平。结果各组动物血脂水平无显著差异。对照组、心梗组和他汀组ICa-L电流密度峰值（0mV）分别为（-4．56±1．01）pMpF（n=15），（-3．23±0．91）pMpF（n=12）和（-4．18±0．95）pMpF（n=12）。心梗组较对照组明显下降（P〈0．05），他汀组较心梗组明显升高（P〈0．05）。另外，心梗组ICa．L失活曲线较对照组左移，他汀组较心梗组右移。结论急性心肌梗死可导致梗死区心肌细胞ICa-L明显下降，辛伐他汀预处理可减轻ICa-L异常变化，逆转电重构，而不依赖于降血脂效应，可能为他汀类药物降低心律失常发生率的细胞学离子机制。     

Na+/Ca2+ exchanger current and K+ current remodeling in midmyocardial cells of hypertrophic left ventricle]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger current (INa+ /Ca2+) and K+ current remodeling in midmyocardial cells of hypertrophic left ventricle for understanding the ionic basis of arrhythmia of the hypertrophic heart. METHODS: Twenty New Zealand rabbits were divided equally into normal control group and operation group, and in the latter, left ventricular hypertrophy was induced in the rabbits by partial ligation of the abdominal aorta. Action potentials, INa+/Ca2+, slowly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) and rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) were recorded in the two groups by using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. RESULTS: At the basic cycle length of 2 s, 90% action potential duration (APD90) in control and operation groups was 522.0+/-19.5 ms (n=6) and 664.7+/-32.7 ms (n=7) respectively; at the testing potential of +40 mV, outward INa+/Ca2+ density in the two groups was 0.94+/-0.11 pA/pF (n=9) and 1.30+/-0.11 pA/pF (n=8) respectively; the testing potential of -100 mV elicited inward INa+/Ca2+ density of 0.40+/-0.05 pA/pF (n=9) and 0.56+/-0.02 pA/pF (n=8) respectively. The testing potential of +50 mV induced IKs tail current density of 0.26+/-0.03 pA/pF (n=8) and 0.17+/-0.01 pA/pF (n=9), and IKr tail current density of 0.34+/-0.02 pA/pF (n=8) and 0.23+/-0.02 pA/pF (n=9) respectively. Statistically significant differences were identified between the control and operation groups in all the above indices measured. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of electrical remodeling changes in midmyocardial cells of hypertrophic left ventricle, exhibited by prolonged action potential, up-regulated INa+/Ca2+ and down-regulated IKs and IKr.     

Cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in normocholesterolemic rabbits

Background Recent studies have revealed that pretreatment with statin is effective in preventing arrhythmia, but its electrophysiological mechanism is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotective effects of simvastatin on reversing electrical remodeling in left ventricular myocytes of rabbit heart undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, so as to explore the ionic mechanism responsible for the anti-arrhythmic effect of statin. Methods Forty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups： ischemic-reperfusion group （I-R）, simvastatin intervention group （Statin） and sham-operated control group （CON）. Anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30-minute ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 60-minute reperfusion after a 3-day administration of oral simvastatin of 5 mg-kg^-1.d^-1 in the Statin group or a placebo in the I-R group. Single ventricular myocytes were isolated enzymatically from the epicardial zone of the infracted region dedved from the hearts in the I-R and Statin group and the same anatomical region in the CON animals. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record membrane ionic currents, including sodium current （IRa）, L-type calcium current （Ica-L） and transient outward potassium current （Ito）. Simultaneously, the level of serum cholesterol was examined. Results There was no significant difference in the serum cholesterol concentration among the three groups. The peak IRa current density （at -30 mV） was significantly decreased in I-R （（22.46±5.32） pA/pF, n=12） compared with CON （（42.78±5.48） pA/pF, n=16, P〈0.01） and Statin （（40.66±5.89） pA/pF, n=15, P〈0.01）, while the peak IRa current density in the Statin group was not different from CON （P〉0.05）. The peak ICa-L current density （at 0 mV） was significantly increased in I-R （（4.34±0.92） pA/pF, n=15） compared with CON （（3.13±1.22） pA/pF, n=13, P〈0.05） and Statin （（3.46±0.85） pNpF, n=16, P〈0     

通络药物对心肌细胞钠钙离子通道的影响

目的观察通络药物参松养心胶囊提取干粉溶液对单个豚鼠J0室肌细胞膜钠通道电流（INa）、L型钙通道电流（ICa,L）的影响。方法用钙外液将参松养心胶囊干粉配制成不同浓度（1％、0．5％、0．25％）。用酶解法分离单个心室肌细胞,并用全细胞膜片钳记录技术记录电流。结果当药物浓度0．5％时,可以使INA峰值电流密度从（27．2±5．4）pA／pF降至（14．9±2．8）pA／pF,平均抑制率为44．8％±7．7％（n=5,P〈0．05）;药物浓度为1％,0．5％,0．25％时,分别对ICa,L的峰值电流密度的抑制率为50．7％±5．6％,44．8％±6．5％,和19．2％±1．1％,（n=5,P〈0．05）。药物可以使INA、ICa,L的电流密度-电压曲线上移,但均不改变其激活、峰值和反转电位。结论参松养心胶囊提取干粉溶液对,INA、ICa,L具有阻滞作用,这可能是其抗心律失常和心肌保护作用药理机制的一部分。     

老年SD大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾离子通道变化及意义

目的探讨雄性SD大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾离子通道电流的变化和对钾通道阻断剂的反应。方法分别取3个月龄成年和12个月龄的老年SD大鼠的背外侧叶前列腺组织,剪成1—2mm^3大小,经消化、培养、免疫组鉴别,将形态正常、贴壁良好的腺上皮细胞用全细胞膜片钳模式记录钾通道电流。结果成年和老年SD大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞膜＋80mV钾电流密度分别为（10．84±1．54）pA／pF vs（18．48±1．7）pA／pF（n=20,P〈0．01）;钙激活型钾通道抑制剂（KCa通道）四乙胺（TEA）对老年大鼠峰电流阻断从19．1±2．9到7．2±3．2,KCa电流被抑制约63％;成年大鼠为9．5±1．8到5．4±3．1,KCa通道电流被抑制约44％。电压依赖型钾通道抑制剂4-AP（四氨基吡啶）对大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾电流有显著阻断效应。结论老年大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞膜钾通道电流比成年大鼠显著增强,同时老年大鼠KCa通道电流对TEA更敏感。由此结果可推论老年大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞分泌功能是降低的。     

Autoantibodies against the myocardial β 1- adrenergic and M 2- muscarinic receptors in patients with congestive heart failure

Objective To determine whether autoantibodies against β 1- adrenergic and M 2- muscarinic receptors are related to patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods Both synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acids sequence 197-222 and 169-173 of the second extracellular loops of the β 1 and M 2 receptors were used as antigens to screen sera from 265 patients.188 were congestive heart failure (CHF) patients with different heart diseases, among them 42 were ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICD) and 52 were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM),44 were hypertensive heart disease (HHD),50 were rheumatic valvular heart disease (RVHD); 77 were controls, among them 36 were simple hypertension and 41 were healthy donors (NC). Results Positive sera for β 1- adrenergic receptor was found in 45. 73% (86/188) of CHF patients, while in the controls it was 10. 4% (8/77) (P&lt;0. 01); positive sera for M 2- muscarinic receptor in CHF patients was found in 49. 5% (99/188), while in the control it was 11. 7% (9/77) (P&lt;0. 01).The positive ratio of autoantibodies against β 1- adrenergic and M 2- muscarinic receptors in CHF patients with cardiac function class Ⅱ- Ⅲ (NYHA) were significantly higher than cardiac function class Ⅳ.The average titer of autoantibodies against β 1- adrenergic and M 2- muscarinic receptors of the former was significantly higher than the latter; 56. 1% of patients with autoantibodies against β 1- adrenergic receptor had autoantibodies against M 2- muscarinic receptor.Conclusions Autoantibodies against β 1- adrenergic receptor and M 2- muscarinic receptor were found in sera from heart failure patients with different cardiac diseases.We propose that autoantibodies against β 1 and M 2 receptors are not only related to the IDCM, but also to cardiac structural and functional changes.     

Verapamil modulating arsenic trioxide-induced QT interval rolongation in guinea pig

Objective To investigate therapeutic action of verapamil on QT prolongation induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in guinea pig and to further explore its possible mechanism. Methods Different doses of As2 O3 was infused intravenously to observe the changes of QT interval on the electrocardiogram (ECG) at different times in guinea pig. Patchclamp technique and laser scanning confocal microscopy were utilized to study the action of As2 O3 on action potential duration (APD),L-type calcium current (ICa-L ), rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) of guinea pig myocytes. At the same time, verapamil was applied preliminarily to evaluate effects of verapamil on changes of the above index induced by As2O3. Results Intravenous administration of As2 O3 at the dose of 1.6mg/kg and 0.8mg/kg prolonged QT interval on ECG obviously in guinea pig hearts dose dependently and time dependently. QTc (corrected QT interval) was progressively prolonged in the 2-hour period of intravenous infusion of 1.6mg/kg As2O3 from (328.5 ± 30.9)ms of control to (388.4 ± 31.3)ms at 2h following As2O3 ( P ＜ 0.01) .When verapamil was pretreated for 5min, then 1.6mg/kg As2 O3 was added, the results showed that QTe was shorter in verapamil-treatment group (357.3±21.4)ms than that in As2O3 group (388.4±31.3)ms (P＜0.05) at 2h. Confocal experiments showed that in normal Tyrode solution, As2 O3 (1μmol/L and 10μmol/L) had no obvious effects on resting [Ca2+]i (P＞0.05) in guinea pig cardiomyocytes, however, 10μmol/L As2 O3 could markedly enhance [Ca2+]i increase induced by KCl 60mmol/L and the peak value increased from 903.4±369.4 to 1674.6±563.2 ( P＜0.05). The action of elevating [Ca2+]icould be blocked by 10μmol/L verapamil incompletely. The patch-clamp studies indicated that As2 O3 at concentration of 10μmol/L prolonged APD50 from (263.6 -±75.2)ms to (523.9±47.8)ms (P＜0.01) and APD90 from (277.5 ± 77.5)ms to (536.3 ±49.6)ms (P ＜0.01) ,and increased ICa-L from (- 6.0±1.5)pA/pF to (-8.7±2.0)pA/pF (P＜0.01) at 0mV and also reduced IKr from (6.7±1.8)pA/pF to (4.5±1.8)pA/pF (P＜0.05). However, 10μmol/L verapamil could modulate prolonging APD50 from (523.9 ± 47.8) ms to (340.4±83.8) ms ( P＜0.01) and APD90 from (536.3 ±49.6)ms to (348.9 ± 85.5)ms (P＜0.01) and correct increasing Ica-L induced by 10μmol/L As2O3 from (-8.7±2.0)pA/pF to ( - 6.6±1.4)pA/pF (P＜0.05) at 0mV. Conclusion As2O3 could induce prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG in guinea pig hearts and the ionic mechanism is associated with increasing Ica-L and inhibiting IKr/HERG. Verapamil may be useful in normalizing QT prolongation during As2 O3 therapy by decreasing Ica-L and [Ca2+]iof ventricular myocytes in guinea pig.