Improvement of congestive heart failure by upgrading of conventional to resynchronization pacemakers

AIMS: To compare the clinical response of patients with right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP) upgraded to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) to that of previously nonpaced heart failure (HF) patients who had de novo CRT implantation. BACKGROUND: The role of CRT in patients with wide QRS and HF due to RVAP is less well established than in other CRT candidates. METHODS: Ninety-eight consecutive patients with CRT were studied (mean age 70, mean ejection fraction 0.23). Group A: patients having RVAP prior to CRT implantation (n = 25), group B: patients without prior RVAP (n = 73). Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were recorded prior to, and 3 months after, CRT implantation. RESULTS: Group A patients had a wider QRS at baseline compared to group B (203 +/- 32 ms vs 163 +/- 30 ms respectively, P < 0.001), and a shorter 6-minute walking distance (222 +/- 118 m vs 362 +/- 119 m, respectively, P < 0.005). Otherwise, clinical and echocardiographic parameters were not different. At follow up, group A patients had an average 0.7 +/- 0.5 decrease in their NYHA functional class, compared to 0.3 +/- 0.7 in group B patients (P < 0.05). Six-minute walking distance increased by 93 +/- 113 m in group A, versus 36 +/- 120 m in group B (P = 0.22). There was no difference in echocardiographic response to CRT between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: HF patients with prior RVAP demonstrate clinical improvement after upgrading to CRT that is comparable, and in some aspects, even better than that observed in HF patients with native conduction delay who undergo de novo CRT implantation.     

充血性心力衰竭患者血浆脂联素水平测定的临床价值探讨

目的探讨血浆脂联素(APN)水平对于判断充血性心力衰竭患者心功能状态的临床价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定57例慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的血浆APN水平,并对其与NYHA心功能分级及左室重构指标、心功能参数如左室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)等进行比较和相关性分析。结果慢性心衰患者的血浆APN水平随着NYHA心功能分级升高而升高,并且血浆APN水平与左室重构指标及心功能参数之间存在相关性,即与患者的LVEDD、LVESD呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关。结论血浆APN水平能较好地反映充血性心力衰竭患者的心功能状态,对于病情评估具有一定的临床价值。     

运动训练对充血性心力衰竭患者心功能及住院时间的影响

目的探讨运动训练对充血性心力衰竭患者心功能恢复及住院时间的影响。方法74例充血性心力衰竭患者被随机分成运动训练组和对照组,以NYHA心功能分级及Benack评分对两组患者在试验前和试验终止时的心功能进行评定。结果运动训练组心功能改善程度优于对照组（P＜0．01）,且住院时间明显缩短。结论提示运动训练对心衰患者心功能恢复有积极意义。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血浆肾上腺升压素和心钠素的变化

目的 观察慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆肾上腺升压素(ADT)和心钠素(ANP)的变化,以探讨CHF发生发展的病理生理机制.方法 采用特异性放射免疫法检测了45例CHF患者治疗前后和20例正常人ADT和ANP的血浆浓度.结果 治疗前,ADT血浆浓度在心功能Ⅱ级为(29.98±3.56)ng/L、Ⅲ级为(33.45±3.54)ng/L,Ⅳ级为(20.71±3.37)ng/L,心功能Ⅲ级时达到高峰,心功能Ⅳ级时明显下降,并且低于正常对照组(24.89±2.19)ng/L,心力衰竭各亚组与正常对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);经1周药物治疗后,心力衰竭各亚组患者血浆ADT含量下降.治疗前ANP血浆含量在心力衰竭各亚组较对照组明显升高(P＜0.05),心力衰竭各亚组间比较差异亦有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);治疗后,心力衰竭各亚组均下降,Ⅳ级组与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),余两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗前ADT和ANP在Ⅱ级组和Ⅳ级组无相关关系,Ⅲ级组有负相关关系(r=-0.46,P=0.04).结论 ADT和ANP共同参与了心力衰竭的病理进程,表明缩血管和舒血管活性肽分子间平衡被打破,反映了心力衰竭的严重程度;短期药物治疗可降低其血浆水平.     

Natriuretic peptides for the treatment of acute heart failure: a focus on nesiritide in recent clinical trials

Nesiritide, a recombinant form of B-type natriuretic peptide, is a vasodilator and currently recommended as an additive therapy for patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) who have been optimized on loop diuretics. With hospitalizations for ADHF rising, appropriate selection of therapy becomes even more important to optimize efficacy and reduce adverse events. Nesiritide has many properties that antagonize the pathophysiologic processes of heart failure and has demonstrated a comparative benefit in previous reports; however, controversy still remains with respect to its efficacy and safety. Based on results from recent clinical trials, nesiritide has been shown to be safe at currently approved doses and strongly considered for the treatment of ADHF in patients who remain symptomatic despite optimal doses of intravenous loop divertics.     

B-type natriuretic peptides for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in dyspneic oldest-old patients

Objectives

To evaluate the accuracy of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) in dyspneic patients aged ≥ 85 years admitted to the Emergency Department (ED), and to define threshold values in this oldest-old population.

Design and methods

This study involved 210 oldest-old patients, and 360 patients aged from 65 to 84 years (< 85 years), admitted to the ED for dyspnea.

Results

Median BNP and NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in CHF oldest-old patients (p < 0.001). BNP and NT-proBNP threshold values were higher in oldest-old patients (290 and 2800 pg/mL, respectively) compared to that of patients < 85 years (270 and 1700 pg/mL, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, both BNP and NT-proBNP were the strongest variables associated with CHF in oldest-old patients. Neither renal function nor gender had impact on the diagnostic utility of the two tests.

Conclusion

Both BNP and NT-proBNP could potentially be reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of CHF in oldest-old patients admitted with acute dyspnea to the ED.     

内源性大麻素与慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的相关性研究

目的：探讨内源性大麻素水平与慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者心功能的相关性。方法纳入CHF患者（CHF组）260例,有共同心血管疾病但从未发生心力衰竭的患者（p-CHF组）130例及健康对照者（健康对照组）130名。心功能评价依据NYHA心功能分级以及M型超声测量患者LVEF、心排出量、左心室舒张期末径（LVEDD）及左心室收缩期末径（LVSDD）;使用高效液相色谱仪检测血浆花生四烯酸乙醇胺（AEA）及2-花生四烯酸甘油（2-AG）水平。结果 CHF组AEA、2-AG、脑利钠肽水平明显高于健康对照组及p-CHF组（P＜0.01）。单因素方差分析显示血浆AEA、2-AG水平在NHYA I级患者中最低,在NYHA IV级患者中最高,两两比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。秩相关分析显示,血浆AEA及2-AG水平均与NYHA心功能分级呈高度正相关（AEA：rs ＝0.84;P＜0.01;2-AG：rs ＝0.95;P＜0.01）。血浆AEA及2-AG水平均与血浆脑利钠肽浓度呈正相关（rAEA ＝0.83,P＜0.01;r2-AG＝0.97;P＜0.01）。血浆AEA水平与LVEF、心排出量、LVEDD及LVSDD均呈相关关系,其中与LVEF的相关性最好,相关系数为-0.63（P＜0.01）;血浆2-AG亦与上述各指标呈现良好相关性,其中与LVEF相关性最好,相关系数为-0.73（P＜0.01）。结论心力衰竭患者血浆AEA及2-AG水平均有所升高,其中以2-AG浓度升高明显;心力衰竭患者血浆AEA及2-AG浓度与患者心功能呈正相关;内源性大麻素系统（ECS）有望成为心力衰竭药物干预新靶点,可能具有广阔的应用前景。     

血清BNP水平与心衰程度相关性的临床研究

目的探讨血清中脑钠素（BNP）水平与心衰程度的相关性。方法采用ELISA法测定90例按NYHA分级的心衰病人及46例健康人血清BNP的含量。结果健康对照组（control）、NYHA1I、NYHAm组及NYHAIV组血清BNP水平分别为（41．50±3．10）、（136．46±7．74）、（208．07±20．88）、（407．26±25．92）pg／ml。与健康对照组相比,心力衰竭组病人血清中BNP明显升高（P〈0．001）,其升高水平与心力衰竭程度呈正相关（R=0．9729,P〈0．01）。结论血清BNP水平的检测可作为判断心衰的有效临床血清学指标,对监测心衰有重要的意义。     

Pacemaker implantation as a risk factor for heart failure in young adults with congenital heart disease

AIM: Complete postoperative heart block following open-heart surgery and sinus node dysfunction are indications for permanent cardiac pacing in children with congenital heart defects. The purpose of our study was to evaluate if cardiac pacing is a risk factor of heart failure during longtime follow-up of grown ups with congenital heart disease (GUCH). METHODS: For an objective assessment of heart failure, NT-Pro brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and maximal oxygen uptake index (VO2max) during the cardiopulmonary exercise testing were measured in 346 consecutive GUCH patients during a longtime follow-up examination. RESULTS: Thirty-nine of these patients who had pacemaker implantation had significantly increased BNP levels (448.2 +/- 76.8 vs 123.8 +/- 9.7 pg/mL, P < 0.0001) and significantly decreased VO(2max) (22.5 +/- 0.9 vs 27.4 +/- 0.4, P < 0.0001). Heart failure in pacemaker patients was associated with significantly prolonged QRS complex durations (171.1 +/- 8.3 ms vs 108.7 +/- 1.8 ms, P < 0.0001), increased right ventricular end diastolic diameters (38.7 +/- 2.1 mm vs 27.8 +/- 0.5mm, P < 0.0001), lower heart rates at rest (69.5 +/- 1.9/min vs 82 +/- 1/min, P < 0.0001), and at exercise (140.3 +/- 5.8/min vs 163.5 +/- 1.2/min, P < 0.0001). Mean fractional shortening of the left ventricle was normal in both patient groups. CONCLUSION: Pacemaker implantation may be associated with heart failure during longtime follow-up of GUCH indicated by significantly elevated BNP levels and decreased VO2max. Possible explanations are prolongation of QRS complex duration, decreased maximal heart rates during exercise, and dilatation of the right ventricle.     

Efficacy and pharmacokinetics of piretanide in patients with congestive heart failure

The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the diuretic piretanide were studied in two groups of six patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure. A dosage of 2 x 6 mg day-1 to 2 x 12 mg day-1 of intravenous piretanide for 7 days was sufficient to abrogate most symptoms of cardiac insufficiency. When compared with another group of healthy volunteers, patients with congestive heart failure had reduced total body clearance of piretanide of about 50% which was attributable to a diminished renal but not non-renal clearance. The analysis of the interrelationship between urinary piretanide excretion and diuresis by means of a linearized Emax-model revealed a maximal diuresis of 231 ml h-1 and a urinary piretanide excretion to induce half-maximal diuresis of 245 micrograms h-1. Thus patients with congestive heart failure exhibit a decreased renal clearance of piretanide and a good response to this high ceiling diuretic after intravenous dosing.     

Clinical factors associated with hyperkalemia in patients with congestive heart failure

BACKGROUND: Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are at risk for hyperkalemia because of coexisting comorbidities and use of multiple medications that impair potassium (K) excretion such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical factors associated with hyperkalemia on initial presentation in patients hospitalized for CHF. DESIGN: A case-control study. SETTING: Two university-affiliated tertiary-care hospitals. SUBJECTS: Using ICD-9 code for CHF, CHF admissions with hyperkalemia on presentation (cases) were identified from a population of 938 non-dialysis-dependent CHF patients. CHF admissions with normokalemia on presentation were used as controls. Hyperkalemia was defined as serum K > or = 5.6 mmol/L, and normokalemia as serum K > or = 3.5 and < or =5.5. METHODS: Data were collected on demographic characteristics, clinical variables, comorbidity and medication use. Factors associated with hyperkalemia on initial presentation were examined. RESULTS: Mean age did not differ between cases [76 years, standard deviation (SD) = 12] and controls (75 years, SD = 12) (P = 0.824). Mean potassium levels for cases and controls were 6.2 mmol/L (range 5.6 to 8.2) and 4.3 mmol/L respectively (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, diabetes mellitus [odds ratio (OR) = 2.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-5.59], creatinine clearance <40 mL/min (OR = 8.36, CI = 2.73-25.56), use of spironolactone (OR = 4.18, CI = 1.27-13.79), and use of ACE inhibitors (OR = 2.55, CI = 1.06-6.13) were independently associated with hyperkalemia. CONCLUSIONS: In CHF patients, hyperkalemia on presentation is independently associated with diabetes, creatinine clearance <40 mL/min, use of spironolactone, and use of ACE inhibitors. Recommendations for use of spironolactone and ACE inhibitors in CHF, and the intensity of serum K monitoring need to be clarified to account for patients at higher risk for hyperkalemia.     

Haemodynamic and renal effects of urodilatin bolus injections in patients with congestive heart failure

Urodilatin (ANF(95-126)) is an analogue of the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF(99-126)), which has been isolated from human urine. Recently we have shown in healthy volunteers, that intravenous bolus injections of synthetic urodilatin produce more pronounced reductions of pulmonary arterial pressure than ANF(99-126). To compare haemodynamic and renal effects of synthetic urodilatin with those of ANF(99-126) in congestive heart failure (CHF), 12 patients (66.3 +/- 1.4 years) received either two high dose intravenous bolus injections of 4 micrograms kg-1 bw Urodilatin (URO) at a 30 min interval (n = 6) or the same doses of ANF(99-126) (n = 6). Prior to i.v. URO, no URO immunoreactivity was found in human plasma (specific RIA, no crossreactivity to ANF). Similar to ANF, the increase in diuresis (1.4 +/- 0.7 to 3.7 +/- 1.6 ml min-1) and natriuresis (169 +/- 114 to 430 +/- 197 mumol min-1) was moderate after URO in CHF. During the 90 min study period, mean plasma cyclic GMP levels increased much more after URO (by 53.4 +/- 15.1 nM) than after ANF (by 13.1 +/- 3.0 nM; P = 0.04). In contrast to ANF, i.v. bolus injections of URO produced sustained haemodynamic effects in CHF lasting up to 90 min: The average (0-90 min) reduction of systemic vascular resistance was more pronounced after URO (-578 +/- 148) than after ANF (-204 +/- 65 dyn*s*cm-5, P = 0.04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The potential role of natriuretic peptides and other biomarkers in heart failure diagnosis,prognosis and management

Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease process that is challenging to diagnose and manage. For more than 15 years, biomarkers have been used to diagnose and the guide the management of patients with this disease. The gold standard biomarkers for HF are B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP); both are used for diagnosis and prognosis. More recently, there has been an interest in use of BNP and NT-proBNP for HF management as well. Important aspects regarding production and clearance of BNP and NT-proBNP exist, which are vital for the clinician to understand. Beyond BNP or NT-proBNP, other newer biomarkers such as mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, soluble ST2, highly sensitive troponin and renal biomarkers may add value for prognostication and possibly, patient management. In this article, the authors will discuss the established and evolving role of BNP and NT-proBNP in HF, along with consideration of select newer biomarkers in this setting.     

心力衰竭病人细胞因子与心功能的相关性研究

目的 探讨充血性心力衰竭（CHF）病人血中细胞因子浓度与心功能不全的关系。方法 采用双抗体夹心ELASA法检测52例不同程度CHF病人和30例正常人肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL－6）、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体I（S－TNF－RI）和转化生长因子β（TGF-β）的血浓度,超声心动图测定左室舒张末内径（LVEDd）、心输出量（CO）、射血分数（EF)和心指数（CI）。结果 心力衰竭组与正常组比较,血TNF－α、IL-6、S-TNF-RI分别与LVEDd呈显著正相关,与CO、EF和CI呈显著负相关（P＜0．05或0．01）,而TGF-β血民心脏扩大参数呈显著负相关,与心脏收缩功能参数呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）。结论 细胞因子变化与心力衰竭严重程度密切相关,细胞因子网络调控紊乱可能参与了心力衰竭的发生和发展。     

充血性心力衰竭患者血小板功能状态的研究

目的：观察充血性心力衰竭患者血小板功能状态的变化。方法：采用放射免疫法及流式细胞技术测定56例老年缺血性心衰患者血浆血栓素A2（TXA2）的代谢产物血栓素B2（TXB2）及前列腺素（PGI2）的代谢产物6－酮－前列腺素1α（6-keto-PGF1α）、血小板膜糖蛋白CD62P、CD61（Ⅲa）及血小板聚集率,并与43例非心衰老年冠心病患者进行对照。结果：充血性心力衰竭患者TXB2的水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,6-keto-PGF1α明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）,CD62P、CD61及血小板聚集率均显著增加（P＜0．01,P＜0．01,P＜0．01）。结论充血性心力衰竭患者血小板呈相对激活状态,有利于血小板的粘附,聚集及血栓前状态的形态。     

培哚普利联合厄贝沙坦治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭疗效观察

目的探讨培哚普利与厄贝沙坦联合应用治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭的安全性和有效性。方法慢性心力衰竭者随机分为治疗组（48例）和对照组（48例）,在心力衰竭常规治疗基础上,治疗组给予培哚普利2-8mg／d＋厄贝沙坦37．5～150mg／d,对照组给予培哚普利2-8mg／d。治疗观察24周后,比较两组患者心功能改善情况,6分钟步行距离,超声心动图指标改变,血钾、尿素氮、肌酐变化及心率、血压变化情况。结果治疗24周后,组内治疗前后6分钟步行距离、左房内径（LA）、左室舒张末期容量（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期容量（LVESV）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、短轴缩短率（FS）、心排血量（CO）、心排血指数（CI）比较差异有统计学意义（t对照组分别=2．55、2．04、2．98、3．39、2．58、3．24、3．07、3．28,t治疗组分别=2．35、2．14、3．08、3．29、2．56、3．22、3．05、3．18,P均〈0．05）。治疗后两组间6分钟步行距离、LVEDV、LVESV、EF、FS比较差异有统计学意义（t分别=2．88、2．20、3：04、2．75、3．19,P均〈0．05）;两组间心功能改善显效率的差异有统计学意义（X^2=4．85,P〈0．05）;组内治疗前后血钾、尿素氮、肌酐比较差异无统计学意义（t对照组分别=3．41、4．22、3．86,t治疗组分别：3．46、4．38、3．89,P均〉0．05）。结论培哚普利与厄贝沙坦联合治疗慢性充血性心力衰竭优于单用培哚普利,能提高临床疗效而未增加副反应。     

Effect of diabetes mellitus on heart rate variability in patients with congestive heart failure

This study sought to determine if the severity of autonomic perturbations in patients with heart failure are affected by the presence of diabetes. Decreased HRV is frequent in diabetic patients free of clinically apparent heart disease and has been invoked as a risk factor for sudden cardiac death. However, reduced HRV is also commonly present in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. The effect of diabetes on autonomic dysfunction in this setting is not known. Holter ECGs from 69 diabetic patients and 85 nondiabetic control subjects with heart failure were analyzed. The severity of autonomic dysfunction was assessed using 24-hour time- and frequency-domain HRV analysis. Prognostically important time- and frequency-domain HRV measures (SDNN, SDANN5, total power, and ultra-low frequency power) were not different between the two groups. Time- and frequency-domain parameters modulated by parasympathetic tone (pNN50, RMSSD, and HF power) were depressed to a similar degree in the diabetic and the nondiabetic groups. The low frequency power was significantly lower in diabetic patients (5.8 +/- 0.7 vs 5.3 +/- 1.0, P = 0.02). The ratio of low to high frequency power was substantially lower in the diabetic group (2.2 +/- 0.2 vs 1.4 +/- 0.2, P < 0.0001). These differences were more apparent in insulin-treated diabetics. In the presence of heart failure, HRV parameters that are most predictive of adverse outcome are similar in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Furthermore, during increased sympathetic stimulation in the setting of heart failure, diabetes does not worsen parasympathetic withdrawal but may mitigate sympathetic activation.     

螺内酯对老年人重度心力衰竭的疗效

目的 探讨小剂量醛固酮拮抗剂螺内酯治疗老年人重度慢性充血性心力衰竭(coneestiv eheart faiture，CHF)的疗效和安全性。方法 采用随机、单育、安慰剂对照、平行组试验。入选老年重度CHF患者152例，随机分为螺内酯组(A组)和对照组(B组)，均予标准三联抗心衰治疗，A组联用螺内酯(20～40mg／d)，B组联用安慰剂。治疗前和治疗后2周、4周、8周分别进行心功能(NYHA)分级评估，心电图、超声心动图、血常规、生化等检查，并进行对照。结果 治疗8周后A、B两组心功能分级、无创心排量指标均显著改善(P＜0．05)；与B组比较，A组改辱更显著(P＜0．05)。无肝、肾功能损害及血脂、血糖升高，未见高血钾症，毒副作用少。结论 应用螺内酯治疗老年人重度CHF疗效肯定、安全性好、值得推广。     

Symptom distress and quality of life in patients with advanced congestive heart failure

Little is known about the burden of illness associated with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF). Understanding the needs of this population requires further information about symptoms and other factors related to quality of life. We studied a convenience sample of 103 community-dwelling patients with New York Heart Association Class III/IV CHF. The primary outcome, quality of life, was measured with the Multidimensional Index of Life Quality. Potential correlates of quality of life included overall symptom burden (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, MSAS), including global symptom distress (MSAS Global Distress Index, GDI); psychological state (Mental Health Inventory-5); functional status (Sickness Impact Profile); spirituality (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spirituality Scale); and co-morbid conditions (Charlson Comorbidity Index). Patients had a mean age of 67.1 years (SD=12.1); were mostly white (72.8%), male (71.8%), and married (51.5%); and had a mean ejection fraction of 22.3% (SD=6.8). The most prevalent symptoms were lack of energy (66%), dry mouth (62%), shortness of breath (56%), and drowsiness (52%). Pain was reported by about one-third of patients. For each of these symptoms, high symptom-related distress was reported by 14.1%-54.1%. Quality of life was moderately compromised (Multidimensional Index of Life Quality composite, median=56, possible range 12-84). Impairment in quality of life was strongly associated with global symptom distress (MSAS GDI; r=0.74, P<0.001); burden of comorbid conditions (r = -0.32, P=0.002), female sex (r=-0.22, P=0.03), functional impairment, particularly psychological impairment (r=-0.55, P<0.001), and poorer psychological well-being (r=0.68, P<0.001). In multivariate analyses, impairment in quality of life was significantly related to high symptom distress, poorer psychological well-being, and poor functional mobility (R2=0.67; P=0.002 for all). Distressful symptoms related to impaired quality of life included lack of energy (P=0.04), irritability (P=0.03), and drowsiness (P=0.02). Community-dwelling patients with advanced CHF experience numerous symptoms, significant symptom distress, and a compromised quality of life. Overall quality of life was strongly associated with symptom distress, psychological well-being and functional status. A focus on ameliorating prevalent physical symptoms and psychological distress, along with supportive measures that promote functional mobility, may lead to an improvement in the overall quality of life in this patient population.     

双心室再同步化起搏治疗充血性心力衰竭患者的效果与护理

目的探讨双心室再同步化起搏治疗充血性心力衰竭患者的疗效及护理。方法比较63例充血性心力衰竭患者术前及行双心室再同步化起搏治疗术后的心功能NYHA分级、心电图QRs时限、左心室射血分数LVEF以及运动耐量6min步行距离,并对患者的护理措施进行总结。结果患者治疗后6个月NYHA从术前（3．40±0．50）级改善为术后（2．30±0．60）级,QRS时限从（144．68±16．40）1]ms降至（100．02±14．76）ms,LVEF（％）从（33．18±5．60）提高至（41．8±7．45）,6min步行距离从（305．40±30．30）m提高至（406．20±70．50）m,差异均有统计学意义（t=11．18,4．562,6．728,10．426;P〈0．01）;术后跟踪随访3—24个月,无一例死亡。结论双心室再同步化起搏是治疗充血性心力衰竭患者的一种有效治疗方法,能明显改善患者心脏功能及生活质量。做好术前心理护理、术中心电监测、术后观察和预防并发症的发生以及重视出院后跟踪随访等都是取得较佳疗效的重要保证。