DWI联合常规MR扫描对肛瘘的诊断价值

目的:评价DWI联合常规MR扫描对肛瘘的诊断价值.方法:选取20例临床怀疑肛瘘或有肛瘘手术史患者行常规MR扫描及DWI检查,比较肛瘘内、外瘘口,瘘管分支及脓肿的显示率.结果:常规MR扫描序列共显示瘘管22个、内口14个、外口22个、脓肿14个;DWI检查共显示瘘管25个、内口16个、外口23个、脓肿17个.结论:DWI...     

3.0T高分辨率磁共振成像在肛瘘诊断及分型中的应用

目的探讨3.0T高分辨MRI在肛瘘术前诊断及分型的应用价值。方法选取经手术证实的51例肛瘘患者的临床资料及MRI表现,并与手术结果对照分析,总结肛瘘的MRI表现特点及应用价值。结果51例肛瘘手术显示内口56个,外口43个,主瘘管51条、瘘管分支14条,脓肿16个。与手术结果对照,术前MRI显示肛瘘内、外口、主瘘管及支管的准确率分别为94.64%(53/56个)、100%(43/43个)、94.12%(48/51条)及85.71%(12/14条),对脓肿显示的准确率为100%(16/16个)。按照Parks分型,51例患者MRI共检出括约肌间型肛瘘23例(45.10%),经括约肌型肛瘘17例(33.33%),括约肌上型肛瘘7例(13.73%),括约肌外型肛瘘4例(7.84%),MRI分型准确率为96.08%(49/51例)。MRI在肛瘘Parks分型上与手术结果一致性高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论MRI能准确显示肛瘘内、外口的位置,瘘管的数量及走行,能够对肛瘘进行准确分型。     

3.0 T MRI在复杂型肛瘘术前诊断中的应用

目的:探讨3.0T MRI在复杂型肛瘘术前诊断中的应用价值。方法:收集21例经手术治疗的复杂型肛瘘患者的临床及影像资料,患者均行MRI平扫及增强扫描,对比手术结果,评价复杂型肛瘘的MRI分级及MRI诊断主管、支管、内口、脓肿的准确性。结果:复杂型瘘管T1WI可见10条或多条状等或稍低信号,T2WI、T2WI抑脂及SPAIR为高信号,增强扫描示瘘管壁明显强化、脓液不强化。MRI诊断与手术所见对照,显示肛瘘内口、外口、主管、支管和脓肿符合率分别为88.00%、100%、97.37%、70.00%和100%。结论:MRI在复杂型肛瘘术前诊断中具有较大的实用价值。     

肛瘘的术前MRI表现与手术结果的对照分析

目的 探讨术前MRI检查对肛瘘诊断及分型的价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术证实的36例肛瘘患者的临床资料及MRI表现,并与手术结果对照分析,总结肛瘘的MRI表现特点及应用价值.结果 36例肛瘘手术显示内口42个,主瘘管45条、瘘管分支15条,外口42个,脓肿16个.与手术结果对照,MRI显示肛瘘内口的准确率为90.5%(38/42个),显示瘘管分支的准确率为80%(12/15条),显示主瘘管、外口及脓肿的准确率均为100%.按照Parks分型,MRI分型符合率为88.9%(32/36例).结论 MRI能准确显示肛瘘内、外口的位置,瘘管的数量及走行,能够对肛瘘进行准确分型.     

高分辨率MRI在复杂性肛瘘诊断中的价值研究

目的:探讨复杂性肛瘘的MRI表现及其临床诊断价值。方法:48例可疑复杂性肛瘘患者,行盆腔MR平扫检查,扫描序列包括横断面FSE-T1WI、T2WI、T2WI抑脂及STIR扫描,矢状面STIR及T2WI扫描,冠状面STIR及T2WI抑脂扫描。分析肛瘘的MRI表现,评价瘘管与内外括约肌的关系及复杂性肛瘘的分型,比较内、外口的显示率,将诊断结果与手术进行对照。结果:瘘管于T1WI表现为条状略低信号,T2WI、T2WI抑脂及STIR序列呈明显高信号,以抑脂像病灶显示最佳。MR诊断与手术比较符合率分别为:肛瘘(或脓肿)96.9%,内口82.4%,外口100%,分型86.7%。结论:MRI是复杂性肛瘘的一种重要诊断方法,具有重要的临床价值。     

MRI对肛瘘的诊断价值

目的:探讨高分辨力MRI对肛周窦道及瘘管的诊断价值。方法:收集158例肛瘘患者,术前均行MRI检查,检查序列主要包括矢状面、冠状面快速自旋回波T_2WI、T_1WI及脂肪抑制PDWI,并比较影像学诊断与手术结果。结果 :158例肛瘘共183个原发瘘管,184个内口,171个外口,124个肛周脓肿。MRI对肛瘘原发瘘管,肛周脓肿及内口显示的灵敏度分别为95.6%,99.1%,93.1%。结论 :MRI可准确判断肛瘘的分型、瘘管走行、有无脓肿、支管形成,以及肛瘘内口的位置,为临床治疗提供重要信息。     

磁共振成像检查在肛瘘手术中的应用价值

目的讨论磁共振成像(MRI)检查在肛瘘手术中的应用价值。方法收集27例经手术证实为肛瘘的患者,术前均进行MRI检查,其中18例行增强扫描,扫描序列主要包括轴位T1加权成像,轴位、矢状位、冠状位脂肪抑制T2加权成像,轴位弥散成像,增强轴位、矢状位、冠状位脂肪抑制T1加权成像。将MRI检查诊断结果与手术结果进行比较。结果 27例患者中,术前MRI检查发现瘘管30条,支管8条,外口29个,内口25个,并发肛周脓肿2例。MRI对显示主瘘管和支管的准确率分别为96.8%(30/31)和88.9%(8/9),对外口显示的准确率为96.7%(29/30),对内口显示的准确率为92.6%(25/27),对脓肿显示的准确率为100%(2/2)。结论 MRI检查可准确显示肛瘘,特别是复杂性肛瘘的数目、瘘管走行、支管形成及内口的位置和瘘管与周围肌肉(肛管括约肌、肛提肌)关系、有无脓肿形成,为临床手术治疗提供重要的指导信息,具有很高的应用价值。     

T1 WI SPIR增强MRI在肛瘘中的应用价值

目的通过T1WI频谱预饱和反转恢复序列(SPIR)钆增强MRI与其他常规MRI序列比较,评估增强T1WI SPIR MRI在使用肛肠水囊肛瘘患者中的临床应用价值。资料与方法16例经手术证实的肛瘘患者术前均行MRI检查,序列包括横断位T1WI、T2WI频谱选择性衰减反转恢复序列(SPAIR)和钆增强T1WI SPIR。检查前,均向患者肛管直肠内置入肛肠水囊以撑开肛管和直肠。评估和比较MRI各序列显示的瘘管、内口、瘘管分支及脓腔。结果MRI显示复杂性肛瘘11例,其中高位复杂性肛瘘6例,单纯性5例。对比增强T1WI SPIR MRI发现瘘管(100.0%)、内口(81.3%)、分支(81.3%)和脓腔(100.0%)的准确率较T1WI及T2WI SPAIR MRI为高。Kruskal-Wallis检验显示上述各序列对内口显示的差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=15.9,P=0.003)。对比增强T1WISPIR MRI显示内口最多。结论横断位钆增强T1WI SPIR序列在使用肛肠水囊后能提供患者瘘管更丰富的细节,提高肛瘘诊断的准确率。     

复杂性肛瘘的高分辨力MRI表现及手术对照分析

目的 :探讨复杂性肛瘘的MRI表现,以提高对复杂性肛瘘的诊断价值。方法 :对20例临床初诊为复杂性肛瘘患者行矢状位T2WI、横轴位T1WI、T2WI抑脂、冠状位T2WI抑脂、DWI序列,3例行增强扫描,分析MRI表现,明确各型瘘管的走行、分支及内外口,并与手术结果对照。结果:MRI检查发现内口25个,诊断准确率89.3%(25/28),18例内口T2WI抑脂表现高信号、T1WI与肌肉信号相似,15个DWI呈高信号;瘘管及分支27支,瘘管分支T2WI抑脂序列表现高信号21支,6例瘘管壁纤维组织T1WI、T2WI均呈低信号;脓肿、肛周间隙蜂窝组织炎5例,与手术结果一致,呈条索状、团块状,T1WI均呈低信号,T2WI及DWI均呈高信号;3例增强扫描内口呈环形强化。结论:MRI可准确显示复杂性肛瘘的类型、瘘管走行、分支、内口位置、瘘管与周围肌肉关系以及有无脓肿形成等。     

3.0T磁共振多序列成像在复杂肛瘘诊断中的临床应用

目的:本研究探讨体外相位阵列线圈3.0T MRI多序列扫描对复杂肛瘘诊断的准确性及价值。方法:回顾性分析我院2014年5月至2015年11月经手术证实的18例肛瘘患者临床及影像资料,男性10例,女性8例,年龄23~83岁,平均年龄约44.8岁,病程6天~15个月,术前一周内行3.0T MRI检查。检查序列包括高分辨率横轴位抑脂、矢状位抑脂和冠状位T2WI及轴位T1WI序列、横轴位弥散加权成像(DWI)序列,10名患者行增强扫描。结果:本组18例患者手术共检出25个瘘管、其中显示12个内口、15个外口,13例肛周脓肿。瘘管于T1WI呈条状略低信号影,在T2WI序列、T2WI抑脂序列及DWI序列上呈条状或管状高信号,在T1WI增强图像上瘘管呈明显管状强化,内口多表现为圆点状强化。本组术前MRI诊断瘘管、内口、肛周脓肿显示的敏感度分别为89.2%(25/28)、80%(12/15)、100%(14/14),特异度分别为75%(3/4)、75%(3/4)、71.4%(5/7)。结论:磁共振多序列成像对复杂肛瘘内口、外口及肛周脓肿有良好的显示,对外科手术方式选择有积极的指导作用。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.