共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Background
Topical administration of ketoprofen to treat local subcutaneous pain significantly reduces gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse effects associated with oral delivery. However, this benefit must be weighed against the risk of photosensitisation/phototoxicity.Objective
To substantiate the safety and efficacy of topical ketoprofen delivery from a patch.Methods
Experiments were performed, and published information analysed, (a) to confirm the superior skin permeability and pharmacological activity of ketoprofen, and (b) to demonstrate the lower incidence of ketoprofen photosensitisation/phototoxicity when delivered from a topical patch.Results
Ketoprofen’s photodegradation products were more photoallergic than the drug itself. The period postketoprofen treatment that skin should be protected from UV radiation (while the drug is cleared from the application site) was estimated.Conclusions
Photosensitisation to ketoprofen can be mitigated by a patch formulation, which protects the drug from direct UV exposure during skin application, and reduces the formation of even more photoallergic photodegradation products.2.
Background
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic disabling inflammatory skin disorder, typically characterized by intensely itching, oozing, crusted, eroded vesicles or papules developing on erythematous plaques. Conventional treatments, both topical and systemic, may produce unsuccessful and unsatisfactory results.Objectives
we aimed to assess the efficacy of apheretic treatments in patients with severe, recalcitrant AD, in particular, the pruritic component.Patients and methods
four patients affected by recalcitrant and debilitating atopic dermatitis, who had previously received conventional topical and systemic therapies with poor clinical improvement, were treated with extracorporeal photopheresis or therapeutic plasma exchange.Results
a satisfactory response to apheresis was observed with a reduction of pruritus and skin lesions.Conclusion
In our experience, apheretic therapies might be used as monotherapy but, more effectively, in combination with topical and/or systemic treatments. Indeed, they proved to be a safe “enhancer” for increasing the efficacy of conventional therapeutics.3.
Background
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with scar development in many patients.Objectives
To check whether early inflammatory events in the epidermis via keratinocytes influence the development of scars in acne patients.Methods
We investigated several immunological markers involved in epidermal innate immunity in both clinically normal skin and inflammatory early papules in acne patients prone to scars or not.Results
In normal skin of acne patients prone to scars vs not prone to scars, TLR-4, IL-2, IL-10, TIMP-2 and JUN were significantly overexpressed and the MMP-9 protein level was decreased. Similar results were obtained in early inflammatory papules (no more than three days), except for TLR-4.Conclusion
These results suggest for the first time a link between the early events of inflammation with levels of activation of innate immunity in normal epidermis of acne patients and the development of scars. These markers could be a target for drugs in the field of scar prevention.4.
Background
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease involving both genetic predisposition and external triggers, resulting in epidermal and immune dysfunctions. Regardless of the severity of the disease, patients require additional basic topical treatment with emollients. Basic skin care products are well known for their role in moisture retention and symptom control in psoriasis, yet patients underuse them. Dry skin and cutaneous inflammation are associated with an impaired epidermal barrier function. This breakdown of the skin barrier causes the release of proinflammatory mediators that exaggerate inflammation.Objectives
to provide recommendations for the use of emollients (including ceramides, urea, keratolytic agents, zinc salts, niacinamide), thermal water and skin care products in psoriasis.Methods
A review of the current literature from 2000 to 2012 using Medline and Ovid was performed by a working group of five European Dermatologists with clinical and research experience in psoriasis.Results
Either alone or used adjunctively, basic topical therapy can restore and protect skin barrier function, increase remission times between flare-ups and enhance the effects of pharmaceutical therapy.Conclusion
We provide physicians with a tool to assist them in implementing basic skin care in an integrated disease management approach.5.
Background
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease of the skin requiring skin and serum tests for a precise diagnosis.Objectives
We analysed the sensitivity and specificity of BP-relevant parameters and the value of autoantibody titres during follow-up of BP patients.Materials & methods
In a retrospective single-centre study, we included 200 consecutive patients with BP and 400 non-BP patients, and evaluated the test results of patients’ serum and skin. In addition, we followed patients’ autoantibody titres and clinical characteristics.Results
BP180-ELISA revealed the highest sensitivity (85.0%; specificity: 93.9%), while BP230-ELISA demonstrated the lowest sensitivity (55.5%; specificity: 92.9%). Direct and indirect immunofluorescence showed comparable results for sensitivity (77.2%/72.7%) and specificity (94.9%/93.7%). The sensitivity for skin histology was 76.3% (specificity: 81.3%). Longitudinal analysis showed significant changes in autoantibody titres.Conclusions
BP diagnostics should include serum tests for BP autoantibodies and skin immunofluorescence. Skin histology is supportive for diagnosis. Autoantibody titres are markers for disease activity.6.
Background
Ghrelin in the pilosebaceous tissues of human skin and ghrelin levels in patients with acne vulgaris have not yet been investigated.Objective
The purpose of this study was to screen ghrelin immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry in human pilosebaceous tissues of human skin and also to determine the quantities of ghrelin in the serum of the patients with acne vulgaris.Methods
30 patients presenting with acne vulgaris and 30 control subjects participated in this study. Ghrelin levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human hair follicles and sebaceous glands were immunohistochemically examined.Results
Immunohistochemistry results showed that there is a strong ghrelin immunoreactivity in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands in sections of human skin. The mean serum ghrelin levels (27.58 ± 15.44 pg/mL) in patients with acne vulgaris was significantly lower than those of controls (35.62±20.46 pg/mL).Conclusions
Ghrelin produced in hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the skin might participate in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and also acne vulgaris in humans might be associated with decreased serum ghrelin.7.
Claire?Viallard Yann?Perrot Zied?Boudhraa Elodie?Jouberton Elisabeth?Miot-Noirault Mathilde?Bonnet Sophie?Besse Florence?Mishellany Anne?Cayre Lydia?Maigne Latifa?Rbah-Vidal Michel?d’Incan Florent?Cachin Jean-Michel?Chezal Fran?oise?Degoul
Background
Melanin-targeting radiotracers are interesting tools for imaging and treatment of pigmented melanoma metastases. However, variation of the pigment concentration may alter the efficiency of such targeting.Objectives
A clear assessment of both tumor melanin status and dosimetry are therefore prerequisites for internal radiotherapy of disseminated melanoma.Materials & Methods
The melanin tracer ICF01012 was labelled with iodine-123 for melanoma imaging in pigmented murine B16F0 and human SK-Mel 3 melanomas.Results
In vivo imaging showed that the uptake of [123I]ICF01012 to melanomas correlated significantly with melanin content. Schedule treatment of 3 × 25 MBq [131I]ICF01012 significantly reduced SK-Mel 3 tumor growth and significantly increased the median survival in treated mice. For this protocol, the calculated delivered dose was 53.2 Gy.Conclusion
Radio-iodinated ICF01012 is a good candidate for both imaging and therapeutic purposes for patients with metastatic pigmented melanomas.8.
Background
While skin cancer incidence is rising throughout Europe, general practitioners (GP) feel unsure about their ability to diagnose skin malignancies.Objectives
To evaluate whether the GP has sufficient validated clinical decision aids and tools for the examination of potentially malignant skin lesions.Methods
We conducted a review searching Medline and the Cochrane Library. In addition, reference lists and personal archives were examined. Outcome measures were sensitivity and specificity but also the advantages and disadvantages of different clinical decision aids and tools.Results
No clinical decision aids or tools for the examination of non-pigmented lesions are available. Clinical decision aids and tools for the examination of pigmented lesions have mostly been studied in secondary care and, in primary care, randomised clinical trials comparing the additional value of a clinical decision aid or tools to care are scarce.Conclusion
Sufficiently validated clinical decision aids and tools for the examination of potentially malignant skin lesions are lacking in general practice. The clinical decision aids and tools available in primary care need to be studied.9.
Background
Skin diseases are thought to be common in the general population. In 2004, a cross-sectional study in Norway, using a validated questionnaire for 18,770 individuals, revealed a high prevalence of skin diseases in the general population.Objectives
To describe the prevalence of self-reported skin morbidities and possible socio-demographic and economic associations in the Danish general population, and furthermore compare this data to that reported in Norway.Materials and methods
A population-based cross-sectional study of the adult Danish suburban population was performed. Participants (n = 20,164) completed the Norwegian validated questionnaire.Results
In total, 17.2% self-reported skin complaints. The most prominent self-reported skin complaint was itch with an overall prevalence of 6.5%. The skin morbidity most influenced by age was pimples. There was a uniform pattern showing fewer skin complaints with increasing education. Women reported skin morbidities more frequently than men. Participants in employment reported fewer skin morbidities compared to unemployed participants.Conclusion
Skin morbidities in Denmark are common, and the distribution of prevalence estimates in the Danish population parallel those of the Norwegian population, although the prevalence is generally higher in Norway. This difference may be attributed to climatic differences, and age, education, sex, and employment status may also be influential.10.
Background
The role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the evaluation of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) first presenting in the skin is not well established, while computed tomography (CT) is used as a standard procedure.Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of FDG-PET versus CT at initial staging of ALCL first presenting in the skin.Materials & methods
Eleven cases of ALCL first presenting in the skin who underwent both FDG-PET and CT were retrospectively analysed. There were six males and five females, with a mean age of 59.7 years. Results of FDG-PET were compared with those of CT. Biopsy results of lesions served as a reference for the accuracy of PET and CT in the evaluation of local and metastatic lesions.Results
In seven cases (64%), imaging revealed extracutaneous ALCL. FDG-PET results were concordant with CT results in five cases (45%); in four of these cases, FDG-PET was negative, consistent with CT, and one case had cutaneous and extracutaneous lesions detectable on both CT and FDG-PET. FDG-PET and CT were discordant in six cases (55%). Among these six cases, FDG-PET revealed extracutaneous lesions undetected on CT which consequently influenced the therapeutic decision in five cases (45%).Conclusion
The sensitivity of CT and FDG-PET was 18% and 64%, respectively.11.
Background
M2 macrophages play a critical role in the recruitment of T helper 2 (Th2) regulatory T cells (Treg).Objectives
To study the role of M2 macrophages and Treg cells in eosinophilic celulitis.Material and Methods
We employed immunohistochemical staining for CD163 and CD206 (macrophages) as well as FoxP3 (Treg), in lesional skin of four cases of eosinophilic cellulitis.Results
CD163+ CD206+ M2 macrophages, which were previously reported to produce CCL17 to induce Th2 cells and Treg cells, were predominantly infiltrating the subcutaneous tissues and interstitial area of the dermis. M2 macrophages derived from PBMC showed significantly increased expression of CCL11, CCL17, CCL24 and CCL26 mRNA and production of CCL17 and CCL24, when stimulated by IL-4 or IL-13. In addition, CCL17-producing cells and CCL24-producing cells were prominent in the lesional skin of EC.Conclusion
Our study sheds light on one of the possible immunological mechanisms of eosinophilic cellulitis.12.
Background
At present there is still controversy about the relationship between emotional stress and psoriasis lesions. Most of the published literature does not include the broad spectrum of emotional response.Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between skin lesions and emotional state in a large sample of patients with psoriasis.Methods
823 psoriasis patients were recruited (mean age 45.9 years, 55.7% female) and answered two online questionnaires: lesion severity and current extension were evaluated using a self-administered psoriasis severity index (SAPASI); emotional state was assessed using the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Second order factors were calculated and correlated with the SAPASI.Results
We found positive associations between the extent and severity of skin lesions and the negative and submissive emotions, a negative correlation with dominance emotions and no association with positive emotions.Conclusions
Our data supports the relationship between emotions and skin lesions. It also allows for discrimination of the associations between psoriasis lesions and the specific type of emotions.13.
Emmanuelle?Lemery Stéphanie?Brian?on Yves?Chevalier Thierry?Oddos Annie?Gohier Olivier?Boyron Marie-Alexandrine?Bolzinger
Background
The stratum corneum (SC) is responsible for the barrier properties of the skin and the role of intercorneocyte skin lipids, particularly their structural organization, in controlling SC permeability is acknowledged. Upon contacting the skin, surfactants interact with the SC components leading to barrier damage.Objective
To improve knowledge of the effect of several classes of surfactant on skin barrier function at three different levels.Methods
The influence of treatments of human skin explants with six non-ionic and four ionic surfactant solutions on the physicochemical properties of skin was investigated. Skin surface wettability and polarity were assessed through contact angle measurements. Infrared spectroscopy allowed monitoring the SC lipid organization. The lipid extraction potency of surfactants was evaluated thanks to HPLC-ELSD assays.Results
One anionic and one cationic surfactant increased the skin polarity by removing the sebaceous and epidermal lipids and by disturbing the organization of the lipid matrix. Another cationic surfactant displayed a detergency effect without disturbing the skin barrier. Several non-ionic surfactants disturbed the lipid matrix organization and modified the skin wettability without any extraction of the skin lipids. Finally two non-ionic surfactants did not show any effect on the investigated parameters or on the skin barrier.Conclusions
The polarity, the organization of the lipid matrix and the lipid composition of the skin allowed describing finely how surfactants can interact with the skin and disturb the skin barrier function.14.
15.
Background
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), are a rare condition characterised by specific histology, nodal presentation, and a poor prognosis. In total, 10-18% of patients present with cutaneous involvement which is regarded as a poor prognostic marker. However, cutaneous PTCL-NOS lesions have been rarely reported in the literature.Objectives
We sought to describe PTCLNOS cases characterised by erythrodermic dissemination to the skin.Materials & methods
Three cases of PTCL-NOS were investigated; all male, with a mean and median age of 55 and 51 years, respectively.Results
All patients underwent aggressive chemotherapeutic protocols with only transient improvement of the disease, and died within two years of follow-up.Conclusions
Dermatologists should be reminded that erythroderma and lymph node enlargement do not represent an exclusive paradigm for erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and that these features can be due to a systemic lymphoma that should be considered in the differential diagnosis.16.
Background
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a skin disease characterised by wheal appearance, swelling, itching, and painful skin. Omalizumab has been used for CSU treatment demonstrating good efficacy.Objectives
To investigate the efficacy and safety of omalizumab treatment in CSU patients in real-life practice.Materials & methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 38 patients suffering from CSU who received 300 mg of omalizumab every four weeks.Results
After omalizumab treatment, 68.4% of patients showed a complete response (UAS7 = 0). All the patients were able to stop treatment with corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and anti-leukotrienes, and only 39.5% of patients remained on anti-histamines. Omalizumab treatment led to a 96% and 65% decrease in emergency room and primary health care visits, respectively, as well as a reduction in the direct costs associated with the disease. No omalizumab-related adverse events were reported.Conclusion
Omalizumab exhibits good efficacy in alleviating the symptoms of CSU, leads to a decrease in concomitant medication use, restores patients’ quality of life, and has economic benefits by reducing disease-related health care costs.17.
Background
Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a polycomb group protein that has been shown to be involved in the progression of multiple human cancers including melanoma. The expression of EZH2 in normal skin and in pre-malignant and malignant cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has not been studied.Objectives
We examined the expression of EZH2 in normal skin, actinic keratosis (AK), SCC in situ, well-differentiated (SCC-WD), moderately-differentiated (SCC-MD) and poorly-differentiated SCC (SCC-PD) to ascertain whether EZH2 expression differentiates these conditions.Materials and Methods
Immunohistochemical staining for EZH2 was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies and a tissue microarray containing normal skin, AK, SCC in situ, and SCC of different grades.Results
In comparison to the normal skin, EZH2 expression in actinic keratosiswas increased (p = 0.03). Similarly, EZH2 expression in all of the neoplastic conditions studied (SCC in situ, SCC-WD, SCC-MD and SCC-PD) was greatly increased in comparison to both the normal skin and actinic keratosis (p≤0.001).Conclusion
EZH2 expression increases incrementally from normal skin to AK and further to SCC, suggesting a role for EZH2 in the progression and differentiation of SCC. EZH2 expression may be used as a diagnostic marker for differentiating SCC from AK or normal skin.18.
Background
Non-melanoma skin cancers have the highest incidence of all malignancies worldwide. However, cancer registries rarely include data on non-melanoma skin cancers because they tend to be underreported.Objectives
To determine incidence rates and changes over time for non-melanoma skin cancers in a mid-sized Brazilian population.Materials & Methods
We calculated age-standardized rates, adjusted to the world population using the direct method, from 1996-2012 in the Aracaju Cancer Registry and then calculated incidence trends using the Joinpoint Regression Program.Results
We analysed 11,476 cases (5,695 men and 5,781 women) of non-melanoma skin cancer collected during the study period. The histological subtypes in men were 84.5% basal cell carcinoma, 14.5% squamous cell carcinoma, and 1% other histological subtypes, whereas the corresponding percentages in women were 89.1%, 10%, and 0.9%, respectively. Average incidence age-standardized rates were 228.6 (95% CI: 221.6; 235.6) per 100,000 men and 145.4 (95% CI: 141.0; 149.9) per 100,000 women. The incidence mostly increased in the first years for the series and then stabilized. The under-reporting of non-melanoma skin cancers, due to removal of lesions without histopathological confirmation, decisions to keep skin lesions under observation instead of excising them, and deferring medical examination, is a potential pitfall of this study.Conclusions
Age-standardized incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer was high during the study period, but tended to stabilise in the latter years of the study.19.
Background
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder which negatively impacts a patient’s quality of life (QoL).Arecently published assessment tool, PsoDisk, has been proposed to evaluate patient’s QoL.Objective
The aim of this study was to test PsoDisk as a QoL assessment tool in psoriatic patients undergoing treatment with adalimumab.Methods
A retrospective, monocentric study, including patients who completed at least 48 weeks of both adalimumab therapy and PsoDisk assessment. PASI was assessed by the physician whereas the PsoDisk test was self-performed by the patient. Both were evaluated at each control visit throughout the study-period in order to detect changes in disease severity and the impact of quality of life, respectively.Results
In total, we evaluated 31 patients selected from our database. At baseline, all aspects of patients’ psycho-emotional and social lives were impaired. PASI score reduction correlated with a PsoDisk score decrease (r = 0.97; p = 0.02), reflecting an overall improvement of patient’s QoL.Conclusion
PsoDisk was found to be easy to administer and intuitive for interpreting clinical results.20.