Curcumin prevents human aortic smooth muscle cells migration by inhibiting of MMP-9 expression

Background and aimThe migration of vascular smooth muscle cells from the tunica media to the subendothelial region is a key event in the development of atherosclerosis. Curcumin, which is consumed daily by millions of people, is a polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cell migration, the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and the activation and expression of MMP-9 in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs).Methods and resultsThe Matrigel migration assay showed that curcumin (10 and 20 μmol/l) effectively inhibited TNF-α-induced migration of HASMCs as compared with the control group. To explain this inhibitory effect, MMP-9 was assayed by gelatin zymography and Western blot. The results indicated that curcumin inhibited MMP-9 activity and expression. Furthermore, the production of ROS and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p50 and p65 induced by TNF-α were dose-dependently suppressed by curcumin pretreatment.ConclusionThese results indicate that curcumin has anti-inflammatory properties and may prevent the migration of HASMCs by suppressing MMP-9 expression through down-regulation of NF-κB.     

9-顺式维甲酸抑制PMA诱导人单核细胞系THP-1表达MMP-9

目的探讨视黄醛X受体（retinoid X receptors,RXRs）特异性激动剂9-顺式维甲酸（9-cisRA）对佛波酯（PMA）诱导人单核细胞系THP-1基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）表达及活性的影响。方法体外培养THP-1细胞,PMA诱导分化为巨噬细胞,采用9-cisRA对不同浓度PMA组进行干预,应用Realtime-PCR、Westerblotting测定THP-1细胞MMP-9的基因和蛋白水平表达水平,通过Gelatin Zymography法检测MMP-9的酶活性。结果9-cisRA（100nmol/L）对不同浓度PMA组（10、20和40 nmol/L）干预24 h,9-cisRA可明显抑制THP-1细胞MMP-9转录水平,MMP-9的mRNA抑制率分别28%、60%、88%（P<0.01）。MMP-9蛋白水平及酶活性也呈显著下降。结论RXRs特异性激动剂9-cisRA可显著抑制PMA诱导THP-1的MMP-9转录和蛋白水平表达及其酶活性。     

来氟米特活性代谢产物抑制人单核细胞系细胞CD147基质金属蛋白酶-2及基质金属蛋白酶-9表达的研究

目的 观察来氟米特活性代谢产物(A771726)对豆蔻佛波醇乙酯(PMA)诱导的人单核细胞系(THP-1)细胞CD147、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2及MMP-9表达的影响.方法 THP-1细胞悬浮生长于含10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培养液中,细胞密度达5×105/ml时用于实验.细胞无血清化处理12 h后,加入PMA和(或)不同剂量的A771726(5、15、45μg/ml),培养24 b,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测细胞CD147、MMP-2及MMP-9 mRNA的表达,流式细胞术检测细胞表而CD147的表达,明胶酶谱法检测细胞培养上清液中MMP-2、MMP-9的活性.多个样本均数比较采用单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验.结果 细胞经PMA刺激后CD147、MMP-2及MMP-9三者表达量均较与空白组有增高(P＜0.01).A771726干预后,细胞表面CD147平均荧光强度(MFI)有不同程度的下降,对照组MFI为109.5±3.8,A771726干预组(5、15、45μg/ml)MFI分别为73.3±2.5、64.5±2.3、40.9±2.7(P＜0.01);不同浓度A771726干预后MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达量及细胞培养上清液中MMP-2、MMP-9活性与对照组比较均有不同程度的下降(P＜0.01).各干预组CD147 mRNA表达量与对照组比较,未见下降(P＞0.05).结论 来氟米特活性代谢产物A771726可以抑制PMA诱导的THP-1细胞CD147、MMP-2及MMP-9的表达.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of the leflunomide active metabolite (A771726) on the expression of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) -induced CD147, matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 on THP-1 cells. Methods THP-1 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum. For all experiments, THP-1 cells were cultured at an initial density of 5×105/ml. Before A771726 treatment, cells were cultured with serum-free RPMI-1640 medium for 12 h, THP-1cells were co-cultured with PMA at three different concentrations of A771726 (5, 15 , 45 μg/ml) for 24 h.The mRNA expression of CD147, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was measured by real-time PCR. CD147 expression on the cells were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by gelatin zymography. Statistical differences among the groups were tested by one-way ANOVA or KruskalWallis test. Results The expression of CD147, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upgraded by the PMA. The expression of CD147 on THP-1 cells was inhibited significantly by A771726 in a dose-dependent pattern (P＜0.01). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD147 in positive control group was 109.5±3.8, the MFI in A771726 (5, 15, 45 μg/ml) group were 73.3±2.5, 64.5±2.3, 40.9±2.7, respectively. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA and the activity of MMP-2, MMP-9 in the supernatant was inhibited significantly by A771726 (P＜0.01). The expression of CD147 mRNA was not inhibited significantly by A771726 (P＞0.05).Conclusion Leflunomide active metabolite (A771726) can inhibit the expression of PMA-induced CD147,MMP-2 and MMP-9 on THP-1 Cells.     

CD147在单核-巨噬细胞促进成纤维细胞分泌活化基质金属蛋白酶中的作用及意义

目的 探讨cD147在单核-巨噬细胞(THP-1)诱导成纤维细胞(HFC)分泌基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)过程中的作用及其在类风湿关节炎(RA)发病机制中的意义。方法 通过建立THP-1与HFC体外共培养模型，采用流式细胞术、明胶酶谱电泳分析法和侵袭小室法，观察THP-1细胞表面CD147的表达、THP-1与HFC共培养前后上清中MMPs的分泌与活化水平、侵袭力的变化。结果 THP-1细胞表面CD147呈现高表达：共培养后MMPs的产生以及侵袭力均明显增强：CD147拮抗肽AP-9对共培养后明胶酶的产生以及侵袭力均有明显的抑制作用。结论 单核-巨噬细胞通过CD147促进成纤维细胞MMPs分泌活化水平的提高及侵袭力的增强。提示CD147可能成为导致RA受损关节软骨、骨基质降解的重要因素之一。     

Depleting MEKK1 expression inhibits the ability of invasion and migration of human pancreatic cancer cells

Background  

Mitogen-activated protein/ERK kinase 1 (MEKK1) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase belonging to the MEKK/STE11 subgroup of the MAPKKK family and plays a key role in tumor metastasis. However, it remains unclear about its functions in pancreatic cancer.     

姜黄素抑制HSC-T6细胞迁徙和侵袭的机制

目的 探讨姜黄素抑制肝星状细胞株HSC-T6迁徙和侵袭的分子机制.方法 培养大鼠肝星状细胞株HSC-T6,并以刀豆蛋白A(ConA)激活,以不同剂量姜黄素处理后,用Western blot检测HSC-T6基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)的表达水平;明胶酶谱法检测其活性.同时检测HSC-T6活化前后的迁徙和侵袭情况.数据采用单因素方差分析. 结果静息状态下HSC-T6仅表达少量MMP-2,ConA激活后MMP-2表达水平显著增加;25、50、100μtmol/L姜黄素处理后,MMP-2表达水平分别减少了21.8%5±5.1%、65.5%±9.2%和87.9%±11.5%,P值均<0.05.明胶酶谱实验显示静息状态下HSC-T6表达少量MMP-2且几乎没有活性,ConA激活后MMP-2表达水平和活性显著升高;不同剂量姜黄素处理后,其表达水平和活性也呈剂量依赖性降低,p值均<0.01.静息状态下HSC-T6很少发生迁徙和侵袭,ConA激活后HSC-T6的迁徙力和侵袭力显著增强;25、50、100μmol/L姜黄素处理后,HSC-T6迁徙数分别减少了27.5%±5.8%、54.4%±7.6%和67.1%±9.3%(p值均<0.01),HSC-T6侵袭细胞数也呈剂量依赖性减少(p值均<0.05).结论 姜黄素可能通过下调MMP-2的表达水平及其活性来抑制HSC-T6的迁徙和侵袭,进而抑制肝纤维化.     

桂枝茯苓对宫颈癌HeLa细胞侵袭转移及MMP-2、MMP-9表达的影响

目的研究桂枝茯苓对宫颈癌侵袭和转移的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法选用Transwell侵袭系统,观察桂枝茯苓对宫颈癌细胞侵袭转移的影响;用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、Westernblot法检测桂枝茯苓对宫颈癌细胞MMP-2、MMP-9mRNA及蛋白表达的影响。结果桂枝茯苓100mg／ml组、50mg／ml组穿过的细胞数分别为9．00±1．58、9．60±2．07,较空白对照组的40．00±3．81明显减少（P〈0．05）。桂枝茯苓能够明显降低宫颈癌细胞MMP-2、MMP-9mRNA及蛋白表达水平（P均〈0．05）。结论桂枝茯苓能有效抑制宫颈癌侵袭和转移,其作用机制可能与降低宫颈癌细胞运动能力,抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的表达水平有关。     

丹皮酚通过抑制p38 MAPK/N-SMase2通路减少脂多糖诱导的THP-1细胞外泌体分泌

目的探讨丹皮酚抑制脂多糖诱导后THP-1细胞分泌外泌体的作用及机制。方法超速离心法提取外泌体,透射电镜(TEM)观察外泌体形态,Western blot检测标志蛋白Alix、TSG101、CD9和CD63,动态光散射检测外泌体粒径。CCK-8检测细胞存活率,BCA法检测外泌体蛋白量,Western blot检测N-SMase2、p-p38 MAPK蛋白水平。结果超速离心法获得的微囊泡结构物具有完整清晰茶托样膜,直径众数为130 nm,含标志性蛋白Alix、TSG101、CD9和CD63,鉴定为外泌体。丹皮酚(120、60及30μmol/L)可降低脂多糖(1 mg/L)诱导的THP-1细胞分泌外泌体,减少N-SMase2蛋白表达,抑制p38 MAPK磷酸化。结论丹皮酚抑制THP-1细胞外泌体分泌,该作用与抑制p38 MAPK/N-SMase2通路有关。     

Catechins prevent vascular smooth muscle cell invasion by inhibiting MT1-MMP activity and MMP-2 expression

OBJECTIVE: Regular consumption of green tea is associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to coronary diseases and cancer. The present study examined whether a green tea extract (GTE) inhibits activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a major collagenase involved in vascular remodeling of atherosclerotic plaques, in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS: The expression of MMP-2 was assessed by Northern and Western blot analyses in human aortic VSMCs. MMP-2 activity was evaluated by zymography, membrane-type1-MMP (MT1-MMP, MMP-14) activity by an enzymatic assay, and cell invasion by a modified Boyden chamber assay. The thrombin-induced activation of secreted MMP-2 was abolished by GTE and the green tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG). GTE reduced the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein. GTE, EGCG and ECG directly inhibited cell-associated MT1-MMP activity, the physiological activator of MMP-2, in a reversible manner. Thrombin-stimulated VSMCs invasion was abolished by EGCG and ECG, and reduced by GTE. CONCLUSIONS: GTE inhibits thrombin-induced VSMCs invasion most likely by preventing MMP-2 expression and its activation by a direct inhibition of MT1-MMP. The ability of green tea to prevent cell invasion and matrix degradation might contribute to its protective effect on atherosclerosis and cancer.     

Interactions of T helper cells with fibroblast-like synoviocytes: up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases by macrophage migration inhibitory factor from both Th1 and Th2 cells

OBJECTIVE: Interactions of immune cells, such as activated T helper cells, with fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a crucial role in the joint destruction during human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) by T helper cells, and to assess the role of MIF in overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cocultures of FLS from arthritic mice with either Th1 or Th2 cells. METHODS: MIF expression by in vitro-polarized murine Th1 and Th2 cells was determined using 2 different generation protocols. FLS were isolated from the inflamed joints of mice with antigen-induced arthritis. MMP expression was analyzed in cocultures of the FLS with T helper cell subsets. Effects of MIF were blocked by a neutralizing anti-MIF antibody. In addition, analyses were performed on cocultures of either Th1 or Th2 cells with FLS from MIF-deficient mice. RESULTS: Both Th1 and Th2 cells expressed high quantities of MIF. MMPs were overexpressed by FLS after coculture with both Th1 and Th2 cells. Activated T helper cells were more effective than resting cells. Neutralization of MIF by an anti-MIF antibody led to a marked reduction in MMP expression in Th1- and Th2-stimulated FLS. T helper cells generated from MIF-deficient mice exhibited a T helper cell-specific cytokine profile comparable with that in wild-type cells, except in the expression of MIF, but showed an impaired ability to stimulate MMP expression in FLS. CONCLUSION: MIF is an important Th1 and Th2 cell-derived proinflammatory cytokine that stimulates MMP expression in FLS from arthritic mice, and therefore inhibition of MIF might be a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies in human RA.     

miR-539通过靶向调控DCLK1抑制非小细胞肺癌的侵袭能力

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌组织中miR-539的表达水平及其抑制肺癌细胞侵袭的作用机制.方法 通过基因表达数据库dbDEMC分析miR-539在非小细胞肺癌组织及正常肺组织中的表达量差异.根据235例miR-539高表达的非小细胞肺癌患者和102例miR-539低表达的非小细胞肺癌患者随访资料,分析miR-539与非小细胞...     

Recombinant HBsAg inhibits LPS-induced COX-2 expression and IL-18 production by interfering with the NFkappaB pathway in a human monocytic cell line, THP-1

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis B virus suppresses the human immune-system and HBsAg inhibits the induction of cytokines by LPS in human macrophages, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. COX-2 and its product, PGE2, play a role in hepatitis B and IL-18 has also been shown to inhibit HBV infection in vivo. We investigated whether rHBsAg affects induction of COX-2 and IL-18 by LPS and, if so, which signal pathways are involved in a human monocytic cell line, THP-1. METHODS: Cell culture, Western blotting for COX-2, ERK and IKB-alpha, immunofluorescence for HBsAg and NFkappaB protein and ELISA for PGE2, IL-18 and IL-12 were performed. RESULTS: rHBsAg inhibits LPS-induced COX-2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner by blocking the ERK and NFkappaB pathways. LPS-induced IL-18 production was also down-regulated by rHBsAg by interfering mainly with the NFkappaB pathway. PGE2 reversed the inhibition of LPS-induced IL-18 production by rHBsAg. rHBsAg was also found to inhibit the induction of IL-12 by LPS in THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed a novel anti-inflammatory property of rHBsAg which involves inhibition of COX-2 and suggested that hepatitis B virus may regulate IFN-gamma production by inhibiting IL-18 and IL-12 production.     

Synergistic effects of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma in inducing interleukin-8 production in human monocytic THP-1 cells is accompanied by up-regulation of CD14, Toll-like receptor 4, MD-2 and MyD88 expression

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma synergistically induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in human monocytic THP-1 cells. IFN-gamma-primed THP-1 cells produced higher levels of IL-8 on stimulation with LPS than non-primed cells and the level correlated with duration of priming up to 24 h, although the level of IL-8 induced was most comparable to that induced by co-stimulation with LPS and IFN-gamma. Unstimulated THP-1 cells were shown by flow cytometry to be practically devoid of membrane CD14 (mCD14). LPS and IFN-gamma enhanced mCD14 and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 expression in THP-1 cells, respectively, and co-stimulation with LPS and IFN-gamma induced higher levels of mCD14 and TLR4 expression than stimulation with either agent alone. LPS and IFN-gamma alone each augmented MD-2 and MyD88 mRNA expression in THP-1 cells, and co-stimulation with LPS and IFN-gamma markedly enhanced MD-2 and MyD88 mRNA expression in the cells compared to those with either LPS or IFN-gamma alone. Anti-CD14 and anti-TLR4 monoclonal antibodies almost completely inhibited IL-8 production induced by LPS plus IFN-gamma in THP-1 cells. These findings suggest that combined stimulation of THP-1 cells with LPS and IFN-gamma up-regulate mCD14, TLR4, MD-2 and MyD88 expression by these cells, which might be involved in synergistic IL-8 production by the cells.     

Enhancement of MMP-9 activity in THP-1 cells by 7-ketocholesterol and its suppression by the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin

We investigated the effect of 7-ketocholesterol (7-KCHO) on the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9) in human monocytic THP-1 cells, and the inhibition of this effect by fluvastatin. In cells incubated with 7-KCHO or cholesterol, the activity of MMP-9 was enhanced, accompanying an increase in the secretion of MMP-9 proenzyme (pro-MMP-9). However, the activity of MMP-9 and the amount of pro-MMP-9 were significantly greater following incubation with 7-KCHO than cholesterol. Neither 7-KCHO nor cholesterol influenced the amount of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 secreted by THP-1 cells. When fluvastatin was added to the cells, the MMP-9 activity stimulated by 7-KCHO or cholesterol decreased significantly, accompanying a decrease in the secretion of pro-MMP-9 and TIMP-1. The inhibition of pro-MMP-9 secretion by fluvastatin was stronger in the cells incubated with 7-KCHO than with cholesterol. These results suggest that 7-KCHO activates macrophage and enhances MMP-9 activity, and its effects may be inhibited by fluvastatin.     

红霉素对4-羟基壬烯醛刺激的气道上皮细胞MMP-2、MMP-9、COX-2和 AP-2表达的影响

目的：观察红霉素对4-羟基壬烯醛(4-HNE)刺激的气道上皮细胞基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、MMP-9、环氧合酶2(COX-2)和活化蛋白-2(AP-2)表达的影响。方法 Western blot 检测红霉素(5μmol/L)预孵育不同时间(24、36、48 h)后4-HNE(10μmol/L 作用4 h)刺激的气道上皮细胞MMP-2、MMP-9、COX-2和 AP-2蛋白表达的变化。结果红霉素预孵育36 h 和48 h 后明显抑制4-HNE刺激的气道上皮细胞 MMP-2、MMP-9、COX-2合成,明显抑制4-HNE 刺激的气道上皮细胞核转录因子 AP-2的激活,与红霉素未预孵育组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论红霉素可明显抑制4-HNE 刺激的气道上皮细胞 MMP-2、MMP-9、COX-2表达,其机制可能和抑制核转录因子 AP-2的激活有关。