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目的探讨剑花提取物的止咳、祛痰、平喘功效。方法通过动物模型引咳、祛痰和引喘实验研究剑花止咳、祛痰、平喘效果。实验分为对照组,剑花提取物低、中、高剂量组及阳性药组。结果与对照组比较,高、中、低剂量的2种剑花提取物均能显著减少浓氨水所致小鼠咳嗽次数(P〈0.05、0.01);剑花水提物和剑花醇提物中、高剂量组能明显增加小鼠呼吸道的酚红排泄量(P〈0.05、0.01);剑花水提物和剑花醇提物高剂量组能显著延长枸橼酸所致豚鼠的哮喘潜伏期(P〈0.05)。结论剑花提取物具有明显的止咳、祛痰、平喘作用。 相似文献
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目的研究速效止咳糖浆药理作用.方法采用小鼠氨水引咳法和豚鼠枸橼酸引咳法、豚鼠整体动物引喘法和离体气管螺旋条实验法、小鼠酚红法分别观察速效止咳糖浆镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用.结果速效止咳糖浆可减少氨水引发小鼠咳嗽反应次数及枸橼酸引起豚鼠咳嗽反应次数,并延长咳嗽潜伏期;对组胺-乙酰胆碱诱发的喘息有保护作用,表现为明显抑制哮喘反应,引喘潜伏期明显延长,并可浓度依赖性的拮抗Ach的收缩支气管作用;增加小鼠气管内酚红排出量.结论速效止咳糖浆具有镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用,为临床治疗慢性支气管炎提供药理学依据. 相似文献
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目的对复方苍术进行初步药效学研究,观察其对小鼠的止咳、祛痰作用。方法将药物分为挥发油组、水提物组、醇提物组、主成分混合组分别实验;选用氨水引咳法、气管段酚红法分别验证。结果复方苍术各给药组小鼠咳嗽潜伏期延长,2 min内咳嗽次数减少,且均能提高小鼠气管酚红排泄量。除醇提物组外,其他各组与溶剂组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与阳性对照组比较,主成分混合组和水提物组均优于阳性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中主成分混合组小鼠咳嗽潜伏期延长70%,2 min内咳嗽次数减少超过75%。复方苍术中主成分药效由高到低依次为混合组、水提物组、挥发油组,而醇提物组无显著影响。结论复方苍术有良好的镇咳、祛痰作用。 相似文献
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止咳糖浆的药效学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
止咳糖浆口服给药,能减少氨水引发小鼠咳嗽反应次数、并延长咳嗽潜伏期,延长组胺引发豚鼠哮喘潜伏期,增加小鼠气管内酚红排出量,与空白对照组间均有显著差异( P< 0.01),提示止咳糖浆是一种有效的止咳药物。 相似文献
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目的 研究速效止咳糖药理作用。方法 采用小鼠氨水引咳法和豚鼠枸橼酸引咳法、豚鼠整体动物引喘法和离体气管螺旋条实验法、小鼠酚红法分别观察速效止咳糖浆镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用。结果 速效止咳糖浆可减少氨水引发小鼠咳嗽反应次数及枸橼酸引起豚鼠咳嗽反应次数,并延长咳嗽潜伏期;对组胺-乙酰胆碱诱发的喘息有保护作用,表现为明显抑制哮喘反应,引喘潜伏期明显延长,并可浓度依赖性的拮抗Ach的收缩支气管作用;增加小鼠气管内酚红排出量。结论 速效止咳糖浆具有镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用,为临床治疗慢性支气管炎提供药理学依据。 相似文献
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目的 研究速效止咳糖浆药理作用。方法 采用小鼠氨水引咳法和豚鼠枸橼酸引咳法、豚鼠整体动物引喘法和离体气管螺旋条实验法、小鼠酚红法分别观察速效止咳糖浆镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用。结果 速效止咳糖浆可减少氨水引发小鼠咳嗽反应次数及枸橼酸引起豚鼠咳嗽反应次数 ,并延长咳嗽潜伏期 ;对组胺 -乙酰胆碱诱发的喘息有保护作用 ,表现为明显抑制哮喘反应 ,引喘潜伏期明显延长 ,并可浓度依赖性的拮抗Ach的收缩支气管作用 ;增加小鼠气管内酚红排出量。结论 速效止咳糖浆具有镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用 ,为临床治疗慢性支气管炎提供药理学依据 相似文献
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《Expert opinion on therapeutic patents》2013,23(9):1181-1208
Introduction: The δ opioid receptor mediates various pharmacological effects such as antinociceptive and antidepressant effects, whereas it does not appear to induce μ opioid-like side effects such as dependence, respiratory depression and constipation. Therefore, the δ opioid receptor is a promising drug target. Areas covered: This review covers literature and patents concerning non-peptidic δ opioid receptor agonists, antagonists, modulators and ligands from 2000 to 2012. Pharmacological effects induced by δ receptor agonists or antagonists are also discussed. Expert opinion: Potential therapeutic effects by δ receptor agonists are antinociceptive, antidepressant, anxiolytic, cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects. Among them, anxiolytic effects are of particular interest because the anxiolytic effects by a δ receptor agonist have been observed in humans. Although non-peptidic δ receptor agonists were reported to show convulsive effects via the δ opioid receptor, some δ receptor agonists are known to produce no convulsive behaviors. Therefore, it may be possible to eliminate convulsion induced by a δ receptor agonist. Many δ receptor antagonists were also reported but there is little new information about pharmacological effects by a δ receptor antagonist. Although detailed results were not revealed, two δ receptor antagonists with μ receptor agonistic or antagonistic properties are in the late stages of the clinical trial. 相似文献
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牙周炎是常见的口腔病变。抗生素治疗是牙周炎的常用治疗手段,但长期使用能引起不同程度的耐药性。丁香酚是从丁香中提取的有效成分,可通过抑菌作用、抗氧化作用、抗炎作用、调节巨噬细胞功能、阻止破骨细胞活化、镇痛作用、促骨再生作用等多种途径发挥防治牙周炎的作用。综述了丁香酚防治牙周炎的药理作用,为丁香酚在牙周炎的使用提供循证支持。 相似文献
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盛国荣 《中国医院药学杂志》2010,(3)
目的:研究复方利多卡因乳膏的抗炎镇痛和抗敏止痒的作用,为该药的临床研究提供依据。方法:采用小鼠耳廓肿胀法、小鼠热板法、大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应法、磷酸组胺致痒法等模型和方法,观察不同剂量的复方利多卡因乳膏对实验性动物的抗炎作用、镇痛作用、抗过敏作用和止痒作用的效果。结果:复方利多卡因乳膏能有效地抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓的炎症肿胀,能显著提高热板试验小鼠的痛阈,能不同程度地抑制抗血清诱发的大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应,能明显增加豚鼠耐受磷酸组胺的致痒阈,并均呈现良好的量效依赖关系。结论:复方利多卡因乳膏具有抗炎、镇痛、抗过敏和止痒作用,为临床应用提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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目的研究妇康宁颗粒剂的药效学。方法采用小鼠扭体法和热板法考察妇康宁颗粒的镇痛作用,采用小鼠耳肿胀法和大鼠纸片包埋法考察妇康宁颗粒的抗炎作用,采用小鼠凝血时间、出血时间试验考察妇康宁颗粒的止血作用,采用小鼠碳廓清试验考察妇康宁颗粒调节免疫作用。结果妇康宁颗粒对化学、物理刺激引发的疼痛具有良好的抑制作用。妇康宁颗粒剂对急性渗出性炎症和慢性增殖性炎症具有一定的抑制作用,具有剂量相关性。妇康宁颗粒剂具有一定的凝血和止血作用。妇康宁颗粒可以促进小鼠免疫器官的发育,增加小鼠单位时间清除血液异物的速度。结论妇康宁颗粒具有抗炎、止血、调节免疫作用,为临床应用提供了科学的依据。 相似文献
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目的:研究复方护肺颗粒的镇咳、袪痰、平喘作用。方法:采用枸橼酸引咳法和喷雾致喘法观察复方护肺颗粒对豚鼠的镇咳和平喘作用,采用气管对酚红的排泌法观察复方护肺颗粒对小鼠化痰作用。结果:与对照组比较,复方护肺颗粒能使豚鼠咳嗽潜伏期、哮喘潜伏期明显延长;可使小鼠气管粘膜排泌的酚红量增加。结论:复方护肺颗粒具有良好的镇咳、化痰、平喘作用。 相似文献
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Healy (1) and Dempster et al. (8) proposed statistical methods to evaluate the treatment effects in animal reproductive toxicology research. Both methods assume homogeneous variance for the dams and the pups, respectively, in all the treatment groups. In this paper, via mixed effect modeling, we propose a method to estimate the treatment effects allowing heterogeneous variances for the dams and the pups, respectively, in different treatment groups. Covariates will also be included in the model. A procedure to test the fixed effects is also discussed. An example from an animal reproductive toxicological study is used to illustrate the procedures. 相似文献
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RATIONALE: There is little comparative information on the qualitative similarity, relative potency and reinforcing effects of oral cocaine versus cocaine administered via other routes. METHODS: The present study used a within-subject, double-blind, double-dummy design to compare the physiological, subjective and reinforcing effects of placebo and oral (62.5, 125, 250 mg/70 kg) and intravenous (IV) (12.5, 25, 50 mg/70 kg) cocaine in volunteers with histories of cocaine abuse. RESULTS: Cocaine produced dose-dependent increases on heart rate and blood pressure, with effects lasting longer after oral than IV cocaine. Subjective ratings (e.g., "rush," "drug effect," "liking") were qualitatively similar and dose-dependently increased after oral and IV administration, and the duration of effects was similar under both routes. On a money versus drug choice measure of reinforcement, the monetary amounts at which participants chose drug over money increased as a function of cocaine dose under both routes of administration. At doses that produced comparable subjective, physiological, and reinforcing effects, oral cocaine was not identified as cocaine as frequently as IV cocaine. Across measures, the data suggested that IV cocaine was approximately 10 times more potent than oral cocaine. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results of this study support qualitatively similar effects of oral and IV cocaine and suggest that oral cocaine may be an effective tool for studying cocaine's effects in human laboratory studies. 相似文献