Manifestations and Causes of psychological and behavioral problems in infant patients and patients of early age

Lage amounts clinical facts demonstrate that many diseases can induce emotional disturbances and psychological problems such as fear,anxiety,restlessness,agitation and irritability in infantile patients and patients of early age.The author would like to discuss briefly several common psychological and behavioral problesms and the corresponding causes of them.     

Manifestations and causes of psychological and behavioral problems in infant patients and patients of early age

Largeamountsclinicalfactsdemonstratethatmanydiseasescaninduceemotionaldisturbancesandpsychologicalproblemssuchasfear,anxiety,restlessness,agitationandirritabilityininfantilepatientsandpatientsofearlyage.Theauthorwouldliketodiscussbrieflyseveralcommonpsychologicalandbehavioralproblemsandthecorrespondingcausesofthem.1CommonpsychologicalandbehavioralproblemsininfantpatientsandpatientsofearlyageCryingandmakingnoise:Cryingandmakingnoiseisasignalinfantsandchildrenusetoconveylargeamountsofinformation…     

The rearrangement and amplification of C-erbB-1 gene in the development of MDS and their clinical significance in diagnoses and prognoses

In order to explore whether the rearrangement and amplification of C-erbB-l gene were associatedwith the development of MDS and their clinicalsignificance in diagnoses and prognoses. digitoxin-labelled oligonucleotide probes were used to detect 33     

Construction of Information System of Disability and Rehabilitation in China

1The general development of causes of disability andrehabilitationThe development status of the cause of rehabili-tation of the disabledis closely related with growth ofeconomy andthe extent of civilization of a country.InChina,due to historical reasons,the cause of rehabil-itation of the disabled experienced alate start and hadbeen on a rather weak foundation.In April1987,China had conducted an unprecedented,nation-widesurvey of the disabled with samplinginquiry,thenin1988,the China Disable…     

Efficacy and tolerability of a combination of Lyprinol® and high concentrations of EPA and DHA in inflammatory rheumatoid disorders

This 12-week drug-monitoring study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Sanhelios Mussel Lyprinol Lipid Complex on 50 adult men and women with inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis. A total of 34 patients required drug therapy before and during the study. By the end of the study, 21 (62%) patients were able to reduce their dosage and 13 were able to terminate drug therapy. At the end of the treatment period, 38% were regarded symptom free, and the number of patients with severe pain decreased significantly from 60% at baseline to 25% at the completion of the trial. A significant effect was observed for each investigated parameter. The special combination of Lyprinol and omega-3 fatty acids was generally very well tolerated, with only one, nonserious adverse event (mild nausea) reported. This dietary supplement may therefore be considered an effective and well-tolerated component of treatment regimens for inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis.     

Application of arthroscope and postoperative functional exercises in diagnosis and treatment of knee joint diseases

1Subjectandmethod1.1SubjectAcohortof78patients(aged12to77averaged43,33maleand45female)wereinvolved.23leftkneesand56rightkneeswereincluded.Inthesedisease,therewere26kneeswithhy-pertrophicarthritis,48kneeswithmeniscusinjury,3kneeswithsynoviumplicasyndrome,4kneeswithrheumatoidarthritis,2kneeswithinjuryofanteriorcruciateligament,1kneewithinjuryofpos-teriorcruciateligament,2kneeswithgoutarthritis,and2kneeswithotherdiseases(suchascongenitalanomaly).1.2MethodWehaveappliedarthroscopetoexaminewoundkne…     

Determination of intracellular and extracellular β-lactamase activities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa after exposure to β-lactams in vitro and in vivo

β-Lactamase production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined in in-vitro models and in rat pouch infection models after exposure to ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin. Exposure of 28 P. aeruginosa strains to 1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin for 24 h enhanced intracellular β-lactamase activities in 14, 22, and 6 strains, respectively, of the 28 clinical strains tested, and enhanced extracellular β-lactamase activities which were not detected without exposure to antibiotics, in 7, 23, and 1 of the 28 strains, respectively. Extracellular β-lactamase activity from P. aeruginosa S-1278, producing an inducible β-lactamase, scarcely increased after exposure to ceftazidime and piperacillin 24 h after incubation, while the activity increased after exposure to imipenem over the range of 1/8 to 8 MIC. In the rat granuloma pouch models infected with P. aeruginosa S-1278, ceftazidime and piperacillin, after single administration (20 mg/kg) and serial administration (20 mg/kg per day × 3 days), did not enhance extracellular β-lactamase activities. However, the activities were enhanced with single and serial administrations of imipenem, and levels over 10 mU/ml were detected until the third day. The β-lactamase activity, similar to the activity found in rat pouches after serial administration of imipenem, inactivated various cephalosporins. In conclusion, extracellular β-lactamase activity was detected both in vitro and in vivo after exposure to a good inducer, and extracellular β-lactamase remained at infection site at levels that could inactivate cephalosporins. Received: May 1, 2000 / Accepted: August 9, 2000     

The World of Physical Therapy in 2002 and beyond

INTRODUCTIONTOWCPTTheWorldConfederationforPhysicalTherapy(WCPT)isaninternational,non-governmentalorganization,establishedin1951.Itisaconfederationof83MemberOrganizationsrepresenting225,000physicaltherapistsworldwide.ItsMemberOrganizationsarethenationallyrecognisedprofes鄄sionalphysicaltherapyassociationsofcountriesfromaroundtheworld.WCPTisorganizedintofiveregions.Italsohasfiverecognizedphysicaltherapyspecificorganizationsasof鄄ficialsub-groupscoveringtheareasofacupuncture,manipu…     

Development and psychometric evaluation of Nurses and Midwives’ Perceptions of their Roles in Primary Healthcare

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop Nurses and Midwives’ Perceptions of their Roles in Primary Healthcare (NMPR-PHC) and evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was performed to recruit a convenient sample of 150 registered nurses and midwives from various primary healthcare settings in Jordan. Reliability was evaluated by examining the internal consistency and split-half reliability of the item. A exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess the factor structure of the NMPR-PHC.ResultsThe final version of NMPR-PHC contained 18 items. Exploratory factor analysis revealed six factors (care coordination and interprofessional collaboration, workplace facilitators of the primary healthcare, management of care, research, workplace constraints of primary healthcare, and advanced education) for the questionnaire which explained 66.49% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s α of the total scale was 0.834, the subscales Cronbach’s α were ranging between 0.662 and 0.770, and the split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.734.ConclusionThe overall performance of the questionnaire showed promising sound psychometric properties. The NMPR-PHC can be recommended for use as a tool for the assessment of nurses and midwives’ perceptions of their roles in primary healthcare.     

Anxiety and depression levels of inpatients in the city centre of Kirşehir in Turkey

Ünsal A, Ünaldi C, Baytemir Ç. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17 : 411–418 Anxiety and depression levels of inpatients in the city centre of Kir?ehir in Turkey The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety and depression levels of inpatients. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in K?r?ehir in the middle part of Turkey with a sample of 433 inpatients. As the data‐gathering tools, a questionnaire form and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal–Wallis Variance analysis and Mann–Whitney U‐test. The mean HADS‐depression scores of patients were compared according to the clinics they were in, and the difference was found to be significant for HADS‐depression (P < 0.01) scores. The mean HADS‐anxiety score of participants was 9.07, and the mean HADS‐depression scores was 8.88. Among the participants in this study, 44.3% had an anxiety disorder (HADS‐anxiety score of ≥ 10) whereas the 73.7% showed depression (HADS‐depression score of ≥ 7). Results indicate that support, counselling, and routine screening for anxiety and depression should be provided to inpatients.     

Nurses’ experiences and expectations of family and carers of older patients in the emergency department

BackgroundOlder people are often accompanied by family/carers to the emergency department (ED). Few studies investigate nurses’ experiences of interacting with these family/carers.AimThis study was an exploration of the experiences and expectations that ED nurses have of family and carers accompanying the older adult patient.MethodFocus group interviews (four, n = 27) were conducted and interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and then thematically analysed.ResultsThree themes emerged relating to the way nurses judged family/carers of the older person, with the main theme the importance of time. Family/carers were evaluated as supportive and helpful when they saved nurses time and demanding and obstructive when they cost nurses time. A second theme was the family/carer as a knowledge resource. Nurses evaluated family/carers according to whether they could provide timely and useful information on the older patient. The third theme centred on nurses’ evaluations of family/carers getting in the way of assessing or treating the patient, by their physical presence and demands and by limiting open communication with the patient.ConclusionEmergency nurses have clear expectations of older patients’ families and/or carers. Future research must determine how nursing roles can sustain positive interactions with older patients’ families and/or carers in the ED.     

Effects of near-field ultrasound stimulation on new bone formation and osseointegration of dental titanium implants in vitro and in vivo

A near-field ultrasound stimulation system was designed for use in in vitro and in vivo trials. The intensity of ultrasound was studied to optimize the osseointegration of the dental titanium implant into the adjacent bone. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were seeded on commercial purity titanium (CP-Ti) plate, and then sonicated for 3 min/day at a frequency of 1 MHz and intensities of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.30 W/cm², using either pulsed or continuous ultrasound. Cells were analyzed to determine viability (inhibition of (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Tissue culture was performed in vitro by placing a CP-Ti plate in a cultured rat neonatal calvarial defect in response to ultrasound stimulation. In the in vivo trial, screw-shaped CP-Ti implants were inserted into the metaphysis of rabbit tibia, and then stimulated by ultrasound for 10 min daily for 30 d. All samples were processed for histomorphometric evaluation and analyzed by image system. Color Doppler ultrasonography was inspected to evaluate the supply of blood flow. Pulsed ultrasound groups had higher MTT and ALP than control. Tissue culture indicated that pulsed ultrasound groups promoted cell migration and new bone regeneration more effectively than in the control. In animal study, blood flow and mature type I collagen fibers were more prevalent around titanium implants, and bone formation was accelerated in pulsed ultrasound groups. In conclusion, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound at 0.05−0.3 W/cm² may accelerate cell proliferation and promote the maturation of collagen fibers and support osteointegration. (E-mail: jrchang@ctust.edu.tw)     

Incidence and related factors of dysphagia in stroke patients

AIM：To investigate the incidence and related factors of dysphagia in stroke patients. METHODS:Water drinking test were applied to 100 patients who received continuously by neurology and rehabilitation department after their condition was stable. RESULTS:Dyshagia incidence of the 100 cases of stroke patients was 33%.CONCLUSION:Analysis of related factors indicates that incidence of dysphagia has no relationship with sex,age,positipn of the lesion and complications, but shows correlation with status of consciousness,cognitive skill,character of the lesion, position,course,exercise ability, daily life activites. buccofacial apraxia,speech apraxia and aphasia.     

Investigate and manage of upper respiratory infection in psychotic

Background：Itispaidattentiontoinfectionofpsychoticbymedicalstaff，becauseofthespecialofdepartmentofpsychiatry，theinpatienthasowncharacteristics．Objective：Tostudythetrendofupperrespiratoryinfection（URI）inpsychotic．Design：AllcasescamefrominpatientsofourhospitaleachJanuaryfrom１９９８to２００２．Unit：KangningHospitalofNingboinZhejiangprovince．Subject：ThepsychoticinourhospitalwerestudiedeachJan－uaryfrom１９９８to２００２．Intervention：Tousetheresearchmethodsofprospectivein－vest…