沙培林腔内注射对乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效

目的:观察沙培林腔内注射治疗乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液的疗效及安全性。方法:选择行乳腺癌改良根治术后发生皮下积液患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组行抽净积液后腔内注射沙培林混合液,3h后抽净药液,再用绷带加压包扎积液创面;对照组仅以50%葡萄糖腔内注射,其余步骤相同。观察两组皮下积液改善的效果以及发热和局部皮肤坏死等不良反应。结果:治疗前两组积液量差异无统计学意义(164.45±36.22ml vs 172.41±45.37ml,P0.05);第一次治疗后和第二次治疗后,观察组积液量均少于对照组(55.43±36.29ml vs 132.31±41.65ml,18.39±15.47ml vs 69.42±38.75ml;P0.05),积液完全消失时间(3.22±0.64天vs11.84±1.83天)明显短于对照组(P0.05)。两组发热率均为3.33%(1/30),差异无统计学意义(P0.05),均未发生皮肤坏死事件。结论:局部腔内注射沙培林可很快减少乳腺癌改良根治术后皮下积液,且使用方便、安全。     

沙培林乳剂栓塞治疗原发性肝癌患者后免疫变化的初步临床观察

评价原发性肝癌患者免疫栓塞治疗前后的免疫指标变化。经肝动脉灌注沙培林碘化油乳剂治疗肝癌患者 16例 ,治疗前后用流式细胞仪检测外周血淋巴细胞亚群的比例 ,并与单纯栓塞组 (19例 )比较。结果 ,治疗前患者的CD3+ 、CD4+ 细胞比例、CD4+ /CD8+ 比值低于正常 ,而CD8+ 细胞比例则高于正常。治疗后CD3+ 、CD4+ 、NK细胞比例、CD4+ /CD8+ 比值均较治疗前升高 ,并且较单纯栓塞组更为显著。在原发性肝癌患者的细胞免疫状态低下 ,免疫栓塞治疗可显著改善肝癌患者的细胞免疫状态。     

多抗甲素增强大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞抗癌免疫功能的研究

目的 本实验探讨腹腔内注射多抗甲素增强大鼠腹腔免疫功能的机制。方法 大鼠腹腔内分别注射0．5、1．0和1．5mg的多抗甲素。2d后处死大鼠分离巨噬细胞。计数并测定乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酸性磷酸酶（AcP）的活性，巨噬细胞吞噬活力，一氧化氮（NO）的分泌以及对人K562细胞的细胞毒性进行分析。同时采集大网膜，对大网膜乳斑的数量和面积进行了观察分析。结果 大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞数量、LDH和ACP的活性、吞噬活力、NO的分泌以及细胞毒性随着多抗甲素剂量的增加而增加。并且多抗甲素也显著增加了大网膜乳斑的数量和面积。结论 腹腔内注射多抗甲素可显著增加大鼠大网膜乳斑的数量和面积，并因此增加PMφ的数量，增强PMφ的活性。因而增强了腹腔巨噬细胞的免疫功能。     

香菇多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞一氧化氮生成的影响及其机理

为进一步探讨香菇多糖（Lentinan,LTN）的免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用机理,本实验研究了LTN对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞一氧化氮（NO）生成和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的影响。结果显示,LTN能明显促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO生成,并且同干扰素-γ（IFN－γ）具有协同促进作用。结果还表明,LTN的这一促进作用能被RNA转录抑制剂放线菌素D、蛋白质合成抑制剂放线菌酮和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）抑制剂L－NMA所抑制。提示LTN的免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用机理可能与其诱导巨噬细胞iNOS合成、促进NO生成有关。     

人羊膜基膜对腹腔巨噬细胞、CCLM24黑色素瘤细胞和神经细胞生长的影响

本文采用人羊膜基膜(HABM)做为腹腔巨噬细胞、CCLM24黑色素瘤细胞和神经细胞生长的支持物,MTT定量法测定这三种细胞在HABM上的生长。发现CCLM 24黑色素瘤细胞在HABM上生长最为活跃,神经细胞次之,而巨噬细胞生长受到抑制。HABM经肝素酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ消化后,CCLM 24细胞生长更加活跃。胶原酶和软骨素酶ABC消化后其生长活性降低25％和30％。神经细胞在肝素晦Ⅰ消化的HABM上生长活跃,而其余酶消化的HABM均使神经细胞生长活性降低。提示不同的细胞在HABM上的生长性质不同。     

小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞基态游离钙离子浓度的不均一性及其和细胞反应性的关系

目的:在单细胞水平上研究小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(PM)基态游离钙离子浓度([Ca²⁺]_i)的不均一性及其和细胞反应性的关系。方法:用荧光指示剂Fura-2/AM结合荧光显微镜成像系统检测单个PM基态的及用激动剂刺激细胞后的[Ca²⁺]_i;同时结合NBT染色法定量检测单个PM产超氧阴离子(O₂^-)水平。结果:对7只正常小鼠共392个PM基态[Ca²⁺]_i的研究表明小鼠PM的基态[Ca²⁺]_i呈正态分布[(54±24)nmol/L,n=392],但波动范围较大(从10nmol/L到高于100nmol/L),以[Ca²⁺]_i在40-60nmol/L的细胞数量最多(约占50%)。用PMA、fMLP刺激后PM[Ca²⁺]_i升高,且受刺激后[Ca²⁺]_i升高的峰值和基态[Ca²⁺]_i之间呈正相关(PMA刺激组:r=052,P<0.01,n=58;fMLP刺激组:r=0.59,P<0.01,n=44。此两组实验均以不同的小鼠重复3次,其它两只小鼠的结果与上同。下面的表述方法同此)。另外小鼠PM的基态[Ca²⁺]_i与其受PMA刺激后产生O₂^-的量也呈显著正相关(r=0.42,P<0.01,n=43,重复4次)。结论:小鼠PM的基态[Ca²⁺]_i是不均一的,且基态[Ca²⁺]_i的高低和该细胞对致炎因子的反应性密切相关。     

硫酸右旋糖苷抑制人胃癌细胞HIF-1α和整合素β1表达及其相关性

目的培养人胃癌细胞株BGC-823,探讨硫酸右旋糖苷(dextran sulphate,DS)对人胃癌细胞整合素β1(Integrinβ1)和缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia induced factor-1α,HIF-1α)的表达及其相关性。方法培养BGC-823细胞,分别在培养液中加入DS和磷酸缓冲液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS),低氧培养不同时间,应用免疫细胞化学、RT-PCR法检测细胞中HIF-1α、Integrinβ1的表达,并分析二者的相关性。结果实验组HIF-1α、Integrinβ1的表达水平明显低于对照组,且HIF-1α和Integrinβ1表达呈正相关。结论 DS可以抑制人胃癌细胞的黏附过程,减弱HIF-1α、Integrinβ1的表达。DS可能通过抑制HIF-1α降低Integrinβ1的表达,有利于抑制人胃癌细胞的腹腔种植转移。     

健脾行气通下法预防和治疗腹腔术后肠麻痹临床研究

主要探讨、研究腹腔术后肠麻痹应用健脾行气通下法促进胃肠功能恢复,减少术后并发症发生的临床应用价值.临床治疗280例随机分为2组,治疗组150例在西医禁食、胃肠减压、灌肠、抗感染、补充血容量、纠正水电解质紊乱及酸碱平衡、支持营养为主要治疗措施的前提下,术后早期应用健脾行气通下汤中西药联合治疗腹腔术后肠麻痹, 对照组130例单纯用西药治疗. 两组有明显差异,治疗组患者胃肠功能恢复时间比对照组提前了18h,并发症也较对照组少而轻,治疗组明显优于对照组.健脾行气通下法疗能缩短疗程,使患者早日康复,减轻了患者的痛苦和经济负担,有较高的实用性和推广价值.     

SARS患者脾树突状细胞和巨噬细胞的免疫组织化学观察

目的 对严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)患者脾树突状细胞、巨噬细胞数量和巨噬细胞大小进行定量分析,为SARS的病理变化和发病机制的探讨提供证据.方法 通过免疫组织化学技术对6例SARS死亡患者脾和6例意外死亡者正常脾S-100 、CD68 、 HLA-DR 、CD83 细胞的分布进行观察,并采用图像分析系统对阳性细胞数量或体积进行分析.结果 SARS死亡患者脾内白髓中S-100 树突状细胞数较正常平均减少80.49%,有的甚至完全消失;脾红髓中CD68 巨噬细胞数量较正常平均减少39.48%,体积是正常平均值的2.21倍.脾白髓中HLA-DR 抗原呈递细胞明显减少.SARS死亡患者脾与正常脾中均无CD83 成熟树突状细胞.结论 SARS患者免疫系统中抗原呈递系统遭到严重破坏,支持SARS是一种病毒性免疫缺陷病.SARS病毒不能引发树突状细胞成熟.巨噬细胞的体积增大处于激活状态,提示巨噬细胞在SARS发病机制中起一定作用.     

人胃癌淋巴管密度和面积及其与淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究人胃癌淋巴管的密度和面积及其与淋巴结转移的关系。方法采用D2-40淋巴管内皮标记性抗体免疫组织化学染色方法,检测70例人胃癌中心区、癌旁区、正常区内的淋巴管,分析淋巴管的形态学特征与淋巴结转移及其他临床病理因素之间的关系。结果人胃癌癌旁区淋巴管密度高于正常区,平均面积、平均周径及总面积小于正常区,差异均有统计学意义。淋巴结转移组人胃癌癌旁区淋巴管密度及平均面积、平均周径均高于无淋巴结转移组。结论人胃癌淋巴管新生存在于胃癌癌旁区,新生淋巴管管腔小,不足以形成良好的淋巴回流;人胃癌癌旁区淋巴管密度、平均面积与淋巴结转移有关,有望成为预测淋巴结转移及决定手术方式的重要因素。     

Modification of actin in peritoneal macrophages after diazepam treatment

Abstract

We have investigated the effect of therapeutic doses of diazepam (7 μg/mouse) on the association of actin with the macrophage cytoskeleton using cytochemical and morphological methods.

Results obtained indicated that diazepam was able to modulate the content of actin in macrophages; such an effect proved to be time-dependent. After fixation and staining for indirect immunofluorescence with actin antibody, peritoneal macrophages from mice treated for short time with diazepam, showed a fluorescent intensity increase compared to control mice. The fluorescent intensity augmented reaching peak value within 14 days of treatment. Afterwards, this value dropped below control value for mice that underwent longer treatments. In the in vitro experiments concentrations of 10^?5 M, diazepam inhibited a well cell spread and a lower amount of actin after 15 min of incubation was also revealed.

These results suggest that administration of diazepam in vivo plays a role in both the nonspecific and specific immune response, producing in the macrophages a reorganization process of microfilaments.     

Modification of actin in peritoneal macrophages after diazepam treatment

We have investigated the effect of therapeutic doses of diazepam (7 μg/mouse) on the association of actin with the macrophage cytoskeleton using cytochemical and morphological methods.

Results obtained indicated that diazepam was able to modulate the content of actin in macrophages; such an effect proved to be time-dependent. After fixation and staining for indirect immunofluorescence with actin antibody, peritoneal macrophages from mice treated for short time with diazepam, showed a fluorescent intensity increase compared to control mice. The fluorescent intensity augmented reaching peak value within 14 days of treatment. Afterwards, this value dropped below control value for mice that underwent longer treatments. In the in vitro experiments concentrations of 10^-5 M, diazepam inhibited a well cell spread and a lower amount of actin after 15 min of incubation was also revealed.

These results suggest that administration of diazepam in vivo plays a role in both the nonspecific and specific immune response, producing in the macrophages a reorganization process of microfilaments.     

SETD4敲除对小鼠巨噬细胞功能及免疫细胞分化影响的初步研究#br#

目的　探讨SETD4（SET-domain containing protein 4）基因敲除对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞（peritoneal macrophages,pMφ）分化成熟、功能的影响以及对小鼠外周血、脾脏免疫细胞分化,胸腺和脾脏发育的影响。 方法　(1)利用流式细胞术检测腹腔灌洗液中pMφ表面CD31分子的表达情况;(2)用液相芯片技术检测和比较SETD4-/-和SETD4+/+小鼠pMφ在受到脂多糖（LPS）刺激后对细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6释放的影响, 流式细胞术检测SETD4基因敲除对巨噬细胞吞噬细菌能力及Transwell检测对巨噬细胞迁移能力的影响;(3)流式细胞术分析和比较两组小鼠外周血及脾脏主要免疫细胞的数量及比例的差异;(4)HE染色对比两组小鼠胸腺和脾脏组织结构的差异。 结果　（1）与SETD4+/+小鼠相比,SETD4-/-小鼠pMφ受到LPS刺激后TNF-α、IL-6的释放明显减少,但是两组小鼠pMφ的比例及分化成熟程度无明显差异;（2）吞噬细菌能力和迁移能力两组无明显差异;（3）两组小鼠外周血及脾脏主要免疫细胞的数量及比例无明显差异;（4）SETD4基因敲除对小鼠胸腺和脾脏的结构无明显影响。 结论　（1）SETD4能促进炎性细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6的产生,但对pMφ的分化成熟及细菌吞噬、迁移能力无明显影响;（2）SETD4基因敲除对小鼠外周血及脾脏免疫细胞的分化没有明显影响,对胸腺和脾脏组织的发育无明显影响。     

Effect of pravastatin, simvastatin and atorvastatin on the phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages

Since cholesterol and lipid content may affect cell membrane fluidity, we assumed that treatment of mice with lipid lowering statins would enhance the engulfing capacity of their macrophages. Four groups of animals were examined. Group I-treated with pravastatin, group II--with simvastatin--both drugs in a dosage of 40 mg/kg daily, 5 days/week for a total of 3 weeks. Mice in group III received atorvastatin 5 mg/kg for the same time period. Group IV--untreated animals serving as controls. The phagocytic capacity of the peritoneal macrophages was evaluated by their ability to engulf latex particles. In addition, the mitogen response of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and splenocytes to Con A and PHA was examined. Compared to the controls, the percentage of phagocyting cells in pravastatin-treated mice was enhanced by 18%, with simvastatin--by 24% and in atorvastatin-treated animals by 8%. The three statins increased the phagocytic index by 79.5%, 88.8% and 62%, respectively. The mitogen response of splenocytes from mice treated with the three statins to Con A increased by 68%, 48% and by 40%, respectively. Compared with the controls the response to PHA was higher in animals treated with pravastatin (84%), simvastatin (73%) and atorvastatin (57%). The response of PBMC from statin-treated animals to both mitogens did not differ from that of the controls. The results suggest that statins, at least those hereby investigated, may exert a beneficial effect on the immune function of the macrophages.     

猪苓及猪苓多糖对膀胱癌模型大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬和表面免疫相关分子表达的影响

目的:观察猪苓及猪苓多糖(PPS)对BBN加糖精诱导的膀胱癌大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、体外NO释放及共刺激分子和表面分子表达的影响。方法:实验分为空白对照组、模型组、PPS组和猪苓高中低剂量共6组。用流式细胞术检测膀胱癌大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的荧光微球吞噬率、TLR4/CD14、CD86、CD40的表达。Griess试剂盒检测并分析猪苓及PPS对腹腔巨噬细胞体外NO释放的影响。结果:PPS组与模型组比较,PPS显著促进巨噬细胞吞噬率的增加、NO释放的比值均降低、巨噬细胞表面分子TLR4/CD14、CD86、CD40的表达均显著升高(P<0.05)。不同浓度猪苓组与模型组比较巨噬细胞吞噬率增加、NO释放的比值均降低(P<0.05),巨噬细胞表面分子CD86表达增加。低浓度猪苓组巨噬细胞CD40表达百分率显著升高(P<0.05);但TLR4/CD14的表达无明显变化;中、高剂量猪苓组TLR4/CD14的表达百分率与模型组比较则降低(P<0.05),CD40的表达无统计学差异。结论:PPS可显著促进膀胱癌大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和表面免疫相关分子的表达,但猪苓组对巨噬细胞功能的影响因剂量不同而表现出不同结果,可能与猪苓诸多成分同时作用或各成分作用的靶点不同有关。     

稀土暴露对人体免疫功能的影响

目的　探讨稀土暴露对人体免疫系统功能的影响。方法　运用电感藕合等离子体 质谱法对 10 2例稀土暴露区居民和 5 8例对照区居民 (均为成人 )血稀土含量进行测定 ,并分别用流式细胞术和免疫比浊法对研究对象的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能进行测定。结果　稀土暴露组血稀土含量明显高于对照组 ;稀土暴露组细胞免疫和体液免疫功能发生明显变化 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。多元逐步回归分析表明血稀土总含量是导致上述免疫学指标发生变化的重要因素之一。结论　稀土暴露对人体细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能均有一定的影响作用 ,从而推论稀土暴露对人体的免疫系统功能有一定促进作用     

Stimulation of the phagocytic function in guinea pig peritoneal macrophages by physical activity stress

Summary A study was made of all the different stages of the phagocytic function in peritoneal macrophages from male guinea pigs [3 (SD 1) months old] before, immediately after, and 24 h after being subjected to stress from physical activity (swimming until exhaustion). The early (10 min) and late (40 min) adherence to tissue substrates, chemotaxis, attachment and phagocytosis ofCandida albicans, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads), and basal oxidative metabolism [measured by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction] were significantly stimulated by the physical activity. After 24 h, late adherence, attachment capacities, and basal oxidative metabolism returned to basal values, whereas early adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis of cells and inert particles, and microbicidal capacity (production of superoxide anion measured by NBT reduction in presence of ingested material) remained significantly increased. The stress produced by physical activity, reflected in increased serum corticosterone values, led to a global stimulation of the phagocytic function.     

Induction of tumoricidal activity of human and murine peritoneal macrophages by antitumor chemotherapy

Institute of Chemical Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. M. Navashin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 108, No. 9, pp. 330–332, September, 1989.     

小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞A型清道夫受体的研究

目的:研究A型清道夫受体在摄取氧化型低密度脂蛋白中的作用。方法:选用离体A型清道夫受体基因敲除和基因未敲除小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞作为实验对象,通过比较两组细胞对氧化型低密度脂蛋白结合和摄取的差异,来分析A型清道夫受体在摄取氧化型低密度脂蛋白中的作用。结果:基因敲除组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对氧化型低密度脂蛋白的摄取较基因未敲除组少35.8%,对氧化型低密度脂蛋白的降解较基因未敲除组少42%。结论:A型清道夫受体在摄取氧化型低密度脂蛋白中不占主导地位,有大约70%的氧化型低密度脂蛋白可能通过非A型清道夫受体途径被摄取。