蛋白酶体亚基LMP 2在稽留流产的蜕膜和绒毛组织中的表达

目的探讨蛋白酶体亚基LMP-2在稽留流产中的作用。方法 用免疫组化方法研究LMP-2在201例稽留流产中的48例绒毛和45例脱膜与114例正常早孕人工流产中的56例绒毛和58例蜕膜中的表达。结果LMP-2在稽留流产的绒毛和蜕膜中的表达均低于正常早孕人工流产的绒毛和蜕膜,二者间的表达强度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 LMP-2在稽留流产中绒毛与蜕膜的表达减弱提示泛素-蛋白酶体通路介导的细胞蛋白降解参与调控滋养层细胞的生长过程。     

凝集素受体WGA、RCA和ECL在米非司酮流产绒毛及蜕膜组织中表达的研究

目的:通过麦胚凝集素(WGA)受体、蓖麻凝集素(RCA)受体和鸡冠珊瑚树凝集素(ECL)受体在米非司酮流产的绒毛及蜕膜组织中的表达,探讨米非司酮的抗早孕机理。方法:以生物素标记的凝集素WGA、RCA和ECL为探针,应用亲和组织化学染色法检测3种凝集素受体在米非司酮流产组(实验组)和人工流产组(对照组)早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织上皮细胞及其间充质细胞的分布。结果:实验组WGA受体、RCA受体和ECL受体在蜕膜组织上皮细胞的表达比对照组均显著降低(P0.01)。实验组ECL受体在绒毛上皮的表达显著低于对照组(P0.01),实验组WGA和RCA受体在绒毛上皮细胞的表达与对照组无显著差异(P0.05)。实验组3种凝集素受体在绒毛及蜕膜的间充质细胞的表达,与对照组无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:米非司酮可能通过下调蜕膜上皮组织中WGA受体、RCA受体和ECL受体的表达,阻碍胚胎发育而导致流产。     

细胞因子信号抑制因子3(SOCS3)在先兆流产绒毛和蜕膜组织中的表达

目的:初步探讨早孕母胎界面细胞因子信号抑制因子3(SOCS3)的作用。方法:26例妊娠35-49d先兆流产患者,采用RT-PCR法及Western blotting法、免疫组化法检测绒毛、蜕膜组织SOCS3的表达,并以30例正常早孕者作对照。结果:①绒毛、蜕膜组织均表达SOCS3,但先兆流产组SOCS3表达明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②绒毛中的SOCS3表达于滋养细胞和绒毛间质,蜕膜中的SOCS3主要位于蜕膜腺体及间质细胞,二组SOCS3表达定位一致。结论:母胎界面SOCS3可能在早期妊娠的维持中起重要作用,其表达水平降低可能与先兆流产的发生、发展有关。     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶1蛋白在早期自然流产绒毛和蜕膜组织中的表达

目的:探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶1(HDAC1)蛋白在早期自然流产发生中的病理生理作用及临床意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学和Western blot法检测早期自然流产和早期正常妊娠者绒毛及蜕膜组织中HDAC1蛋白的表达。结果:免疫组化示:HDAC1主要定位于绒毛细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和子宫蜕膜细胞、腺上皮细胞的胞核;早期自然流产绒毛组织中HDAC1的表达强度低于早期正常妊娠组,而蜕膜组织中,早期自然流产组织HDAC1的表达强度高于正常妊娠组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Westernblot示:早期自然流产绒毛组织中HDAC1蛋白的相对表达量为1.38±0.63,明显低于正常妊娠组(1.92±0.82),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而早期自然流产蜕膜组织中HDAC1蛋白的相对表达量为1.02±0.53,明显高于正常妊娠组(0.71±0.36),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:HDAC1在早期自然流产绒毛和蜕膜组织中的异常表达可能在早期自然流产的发生、发展中起重要作用。     

米非司酮对人早孕绒毛及蜕膜中骨桥蛋白和绒毛膜促性腺激素-β表达的影响

目的:探讨米非司酮对早孕绒毛及蜕膜中骨桥蛋白(OPN)和绒毛膜促性腺激素-β(β-hCG)表达的影响。方法:采用免疫组化半定量法检测米非司酮药物流产(n=20)和人工流产(n=20)的早孕绒毛及蜕膜中的OPN(骨桥蛋白)和β-hCG的表达。结果:OPN和β-hCG在早孕妇女绒毛组织和蜕膜组织中的表达米非司酮组均显著低于手术流产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:米非司酮可能抑制了早孕绒毛及蜕膜中OPN和β-hCG的合成,进而影响胚泡着床和胎盘的形成,使妊娠难以维持,最终流产。     

米非司酮药流时整合蛋白β3和细胞间粘附分子-1在蜕膜与绒毛内的表达

为了解米非司酮与米索前列醇对早孕流产的蜕膜、绒毛中整合蛋白 (Integrin)β3和细胞间粘附分子 1 (Intercellular adhesion molecule,ICAM 1 )的影响 ,应用流式细胞定性定量分析技术测定了 1 0例采用米非司酮与米索前列醇终止早孕妇女的蜕膜与绒毛组织中整合蛋白β3和 ICAM 1水平 ,并以 1 0例负压吸引人工流产者为对照。结果显示 :蜕膜与绒毛组织整合蛋白 β3和 ICAM 1均较对照组明显降低。实验组蜕膜组织整合蛋白 β3与 ICAM 1分别为 1 9.1± 5.0 1 %和 2 0 .6 1± 6 .51 % ,对照组分别为 2 9.3 1± 5.2 6和 2 6 .6 9± 6 .1 1 ;实验组绒毛组织整合蛋白β3与 ICAM 1分别为 2 1 .3 2± 4 .3 8%和 2 0 .2 9± 6 .4 9% ,而对照组则为 3 1 .3 1± 7.85和 2 8.6 9± 7.98。结果提示整合蛋白β3及 ICAM 1可能与维持早孕有关 ,米非司酮影响蜕膜、绒毛组织中整合蛋白 β3及 ICAM 1的表达 ,可能参与药物抗早孕机制。     

胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅱ在人早孕期绒毛和蜕膜中的表达

目的：探讨胰岛素样生长因子－Ⅱ（IGF－Ⅱ）在人早孕期绒毛和蜕膜中的表达及IGF－Ⅱ与ER、PR表达之间的相互关系。方法：采用单克隆抗体SP免疫组化法测定IGF－Ⅱ、ER、PR在人早孕期绒毛、蜕膜中的表达，并用组织学积分法进行半定量分析和相关分析。结果：IGF－Ⅱ在绒毛细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和蜕膜间质细胞中均有表达，绒毛中的表达高于蜕膜。蜕膜中ER、PR的表达呈正相关（P＜0．01）。而IGF－Ⅱ与ER、PR之间无显著相关性（P＞0．05）。结论：推测IGF－Ⅱ与促进母体蜕膜和胚胎的生长发育有关，ER、PR的平衡有利于早孕期蜕膜的正常发育。     

半乳糖凝集素-1在子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型异位及在位内膜中的表达

目的:研究半乳糖凝集素-1(gal-1)在大鼠子宫内膜异位症(EMs)模型异位及在位组织中的表达。方法:选取12只性成熟雌性未孕Wistar大鼠,取一侧宫角子宫内膜,采用自体移植法建立EMs大鼠模型。术后28天再次开腹,将建模成功的大鼠作为自身对照,取其异位病灶与在位子宫内膜,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色鉴定组织学特征。免疫组织化学(IHC)法、实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)及蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测异位病灶与在位内膜中gal-1表达。结果:肉眼观异位病灶呈椭圆形囊泡状,内含清亮或咖啡色液体,表面及周围有新生血管。组织学证实为异位内膜。造模成功率为83.33%。IHC显示,gal-1表达于异位及在位子宫内膜基质;QRT-PCR定量分析表明,异位内膜gal-1 mRNA表达量高于在位内膜(P0.05);Western blot结果示,异位内膜gal-1蛋白水平升高(P0.05)。结论:大鼠EMs异位内膜中gal-1表达高于在位内膜,为该靶点参与EMs的机制及治疗的研究打下基础。     

肝素结合性表皮生长因子在早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织中的表达

目的　探讨肝素结合性表皮生长因子 (HB- EGF)在早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织中的表达 ;评估 HB- EGF在人类胚泡着床和早期胎盘组织发育中的作用。　方法　采用免疫组化法检测 18例早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织中的 HB- EGF的表达及定位。　结果　全部早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织标本均有 HB-EGF表达 ,早孕绒毛滋养细胞表达高于蜕膜组织 ,HB- EGF阳性产物定位于早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织中的细胞膜上和细胞浆内 ,呈棕黄色。　结论　人类早孕绒毛及蜕膜组织表达 HB- EGF可能与胚泡着床、胎盘形成和维持胎盘功能有关。     

半乳糖凝集素在妊娠期的表达

半乳糖凝集素是一个系统学上保守的凝集素家族,可与β-半乳糖苷特异结合,由15种不同的类型组成,每种类型都有特定的功能.在人类发现的13种半乳糖凝集素中,7种在胎盘中表达,调节免疫和发育.半乳糖凝集素通过调节妊娠早期滋养层细胞的发育、迁移和侵袭而促进胎盘形成.此外,半乳糖凝集素是调节母体对胚胎免疫耐受的关键因子.近年来,...     

Missed abortion, and later spontaneous abortion, in pregnancies clinically normal at 7–12 wk

One thousand nine hundred and thirty-eight mothers were examined by ultrasound at 7–12 wk gestation. Eighty-three (4.28%) were found to have a dead fetus or an empty gestation sac. Twenty-five (1.29%) had a live fetus at that scan but spontaneously aborted 1–13 wk later. The earlier in pregnancy the ultrasound was carried out the more likely was the pregnancy to be dead or subsequently to abort. Mothers aged 35 or over were more likely than other women to have dead pregnancies at the initial ultrasound or subsequently to abort: those of 19 or less were less likely than other age groups to have a missed abortion but they had a rate of spontaneous abortion similar to those of 35 or more.     

米非司酮联合米索前列醇用于终止早期妊娠和治疗稽留流产的效果比较

目的：探讨并比较米非司酮联合米索前列腺醇用于终止早期妊娠和治疗稽留流产的效果和安全性。方法：选择2008年5月至2013年5月于我院就诊的孕10～16周要求终止妊娠和稽留流产病例为研究对象,分为早期妊娠组和稽留流产组,两组患者均给予同剂量的米非司酮和米索前列腺醇序贯治疗,观察和比较两组患者的流产效果以及不良反应。结果：稽留流产组患者的完全流产率低于早期妊娠组,胎体排出后24h阴道出血量多于早期妊娠组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,但两组患者口服米索前列腺醇到胎体排出的时间间隔及不良反应差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：米非司酮联合米索前列腺醉用于治疗稽留流产效果和安全性值得肯定。     

Galectin-3 may contribute to Cisplatin resistance in clear cell carcinoma of the ovary

Our previous findings suggested that lower cell proliferation of clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary may contribute to its resistance to chemotherapy. We conducted the present study to find the gene that regulates cell proliferation of CCC and to elucidate whether it contributes to cisplatin (CDDP) resistance. Complementary DNA microarray analysis revealed that the gene expression level of galectin-3 of CCC cell lines (KK, RMG-I, HAC-2) was over threefold higher than that of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma (SAC) cell lines (HRA, KF). S-phase fraction increased after knocking down galectin-3 using small interfering RNA in RMG-I, KK, and HAC-2 cells. The protein expression of p27 decreased after knocking down galectin-3. CDDP-induced apoptosis was increased after knocking down galectin-3, and this cytotoxic effect was canceled by roscovitine. Immunohistochemical staining showed that galectin-3 expression in tumors of 20 CCC was significantly more frequent than that of 20 SAC (70.0% vs 15.0%, P = 0.0004). The present study showed that the expression of galectin-3 in CCC might contribute to its lower cell proliferation and lead to CDDP resistance.     

Galectin-3 is a potential biomarker to insulin resistance and obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder that affects women in reproductive age. This study aimed to evaluate Gal-3 levels and its role on metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. Gal-3 was measured in 44 PCOS and 25 women recruited as control group for the case-control study. Gal-3 levels were similar between PCOS and control groups (p?>?0.05), but showed a positive correlation with glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (r?=?0.403, p?=?0.037), body mass index (BMI) (r?=?0.469, p?=?0.027), insulin levels (r?=?0.453, p?=?0.030) and HOMA-IR (r?=?0.738, p?=?0.037) in PCOS group. The data suggest that Gal-3 plays a role in the pathophysiology of the insulin resistance and obesity in PCOS group.     

低氧对体外受精-胚胎移植胚胎发育潜能的影响

目的:探讨低氧环境(体积分数5%O2)对体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization-em-bryo transfer,IVF-ET)中胚胎发育潜能及临床结局的影响。方法:将接受IVF-ET长方案治疗的265名不孕症患者随机分为研究组(n=156):患者取卵后受精及整个胚胎培养过程全部在三气培养箱(体积分数5%O2)中进行,对照组(n=109):患者取卵后受精及整个胚胎培养过程全部在常规培养箱(体积分数20%O2)内进行,所有患者均移植授精第2日或第3日胚胎。比较组间受精率、正常受精率、卵裂率、正常卵裂率、优质胚胎率、可用胚胎率、生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率和异位妊娠率。结果:组间患者年龄、不孕年限、体质量指数、基础性激素、获卵数、成熟卵数、授精至移植时间和移植胚胎数均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。研究组受精率(84.4%)、正常受精率(72.0%)、卵裂率(97.6%)、优质胚胎率(43.3%)和可用胚胎率(72.5%)均显著高于对照组(分别为80.8%、68.7%、96.1%、35.1%、59.5%)(P<0.01或P<0.05),研究组与对照组正常卵裂率(97.7%vs 98.0%)、生化妊娠率(50.0%vs 39.4%)、临床妊娠率(44.9%vs 35.8%)、异位妊娠率(8.6%vs 12.8%)均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:低氧环境(5%O2)似乎能够提高胚胎的发育潜能,获得更多优质胚胎和可用胚胎。     

输卵管特异性蛋白质的性质及其对配子和胚胎的影响

输卵管特异性蛋白质是由输卵管上皮细胞合成和分泌的一类蛋白质 ,对配子受精前成熟、受精以及早期胚胎发育有重要的生殖生理作用。本文综述了输卵管糖蛋白和其它一些输卵管特异性蛋白质的性质及其对配子和胚胎的影响。     

A Patient-Centred Approach to Early Pregnancy Loss: The First 18 Months of a Canadian Outpatient Program for Early Pregnancy Loss (OPEL)

ObjectiveManual vacuum aspiration is a safe surgical option for the management of early pregnancy loss. To provide rapid, patient-centred access to MVA, an Outpatient Program for Early pregnancy Loss (“OPEL”) was established at our institution. Objectives were to (1) assess complete uterine evacuation rates; (2) assess complication rates, and (3) assess patient satisfaction with the program.MethodsWith REB approval, a retrospective study was performed. Patient records from the first 18 months of OPEL (November 2015 to April 2017) were reviewed. Anonymous patient satisfaction questionnaires were completed immediately post-procedure.ResultsA total of 162 patients received treatment. Missed abortions accounted for 94 cases (58%). Median delay from referral to clinic appointment was 4.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.0–6.0) days. Average length of stay was 3.0 (IQR 2.5–3.0) hours. Efficacy of the procedure was 95.1%. Complication rate (immediate and delayed) was 14.2% and included intraoperative hemorrhage (3.1%; 5/162), Asherman’s syndrome (1.9%; 3/162), retained products of conception requiring further treatment (4.9%; 8/162), and postoperative infection requiring antibiotic therapy (1.9%; 3/162). A total of 151 post-procedure satisfaction surveys were completed (93%); 100% agreed/strongly agreed that the nursing staff and physicians provided professional and compassionate care; 99.3% were satisfied with their care overall. Qualitative feedback was positive.ConclusionPregnant patients experiencing early pregnancy loss benefit from safe, timely, accessible, patient-centred care in the outpatient OPEL program. Similar models should be adopted nationally to ensure women experiencing this common pregnancy complication receive safe and compassionate care.