外固定架结合显微外科修复伴血管损伤的严重下肢开放性骨折

目的探讨对伴血管损伤的严重下肢开放性骨折采用外固定架结合显微外科修复治疗效果。方法对26例伴有血管损伤的严重下肢开放骨折治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果26例中随访25例,时间为6～36个月。术后2例发生动静脉血管危象;1例因皮肤坏死行外固定架调整,创面新鲜后行游离植皮术;3例骨缺损者在伤口愈合后Ⅱ期行腓骨游离移植,骨折全部愈合;5例因软组织坏死、缺损出现继发性骨髓炎,行游离股前外侧皮瓣移植后全部愈合,且无骨髓炎复发。骨折愈合时间为6～10个月,平均时间为8．9个月,所有肢体血运正常,血管通畅良好,组织瓣全部成活,质地与色泽较好。关节功能恢复较满意,按HSS膝关节评定标准：良6例（24％）,中17例（68％）,差2例（8％）。结论合并血管损伤的下肢严重开放性骨折危及肢体的存活,影响术后功能,治疗关键在于快速建立循环、有效覆盖创面和骨折端的可靠固定。应用外固定架快速、有效、可靠的固定各型骨折,结合显微外科技术修复,可以显著提高临床疗效。     

伴软组织缺损的胫腓骨开放性多段骨折的治疗

我院自１９９５年１０月～１９９７年１０月，应用单侧多功能外固定架加腓肠肌皮瓣转位治疗伴软组织缺损的胫腓骨开放作者单位：２６６０７１青岛，解放军第四Ｏ一医院外二科多段粉碎骨折１５例，经６～２４个月随访，疗效满意。临床资料１．一般资料：本组１５例，男１２...     

髂骨皮瓣治疗胫腓骨开放性骨折并皮肤软组织缺损

随着现代化交通和制造业的发展，开放性胫腓骨骨折并皮肤软组织缺损呈上升趋势。部分患者由于骨块丢失或骨质较多压缩造成骨缺损，成为创伤骨科中常见的、治疗上比较棘手的病种，而且由于治疗不当常常导致骨不连和骨髓炎的发生，从而造成严重的后果。本所应用髂骨皮瓣结合外固定架治疗严重胫腓骨开放性骨折并皮肤软组织缺损12例，取得了比较满意的效果。     

有限内固定结合单侧多功能外固定架治疗胫腓骨严重开放粉碎性骨折

目的观察有限内固定结合单侧多功能外固定支架治疗胫腓骨严重开放粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法使用有限内固定(钢丝、螺丝钉、克氏针)结合单侧多功能外固定架固定胫骨,同时钢板、克氏针、钢丝固定腓骨治疗胫腓骨严重开放粉碎性骨折。结果本组42例随访6~24个月,平均12个月。伤口愈合情况:25例I期甲级愈合;15例皮肤发黑、坏死,经换药,皮瓣转移愈合;2例感染,经换药引流、分泌物培养、选用敏感抗生素、皮瓣转移及植皮后愈合,无一例骨髓炎。骨折愈合情况:40例于骨折术后13~32周愈合,平均18周;2例骨缺损致骨不连在伤口愈合后3个月行植骨+钢板内固定,术后3个月骨折愈合。另螺钉松动1例,松动伴钉道感染1例,经用酒精点滴钉孔痊愈,无血管、神经损伤。除1例踝关节僵直外,其余41例膝、踝关节功能正常。结论该手术操作简单,创伤小,复位好,固定可靠,是治疗胫腓骨严重开放粉碎性骨折的良好方法。     

多功能外固定支架治疗胫骨远段开放性粉碎骨折

胫骨下段开放性粉碎性骨折是临床上较常见疾病，但由于胫腓骨下段骨折血液供应特殊，胫前皮肤软组织薄弱，以及原发软组织、骨膜、骨皮质损伤，使之治疗较困难，我院于1999年1月～2007年5月共收治28名胫腓骨下段开放性粉碎性骨折经多功能外支架治疗疗效满意，现报道如下。     

交腿逆行隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复小腿骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨应用交腿隐神经营养血管皮瓣结合外固定架修复难治性小腿骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法应用健侧小腿内侧隐神经走行的皮瓣,将隐神经保留在皮瓣中央,根据患肢创面设计、切取皮瓣后交腿缝合覆盖,双下肢用外固定架固定3～5周后断蒂,使用以上方法治疗小腿骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损12例。皮瓣面积6cm×5cm～19cm×11cm。结果手术过程顺利,术后皮瓣全部存活,随访6～36个月,皮瓣质地柔软,外形满意,下肢功能恢复良好。结论交腿隐神经营养血管皮瓣切取简单,厚薄适中,不损伤知名血管,是治疗受区血管条件受限的小腿骨折裸露创面的良好方法。     

小腿感染性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损的手术治疗

目的 探讨小腿感染性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损的手术方法及其疗效.方法 采用5种带蒂的肌皮瓣和筋膜皮瓣对20例小腿感染性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损的患者进行手术修复,皮瓣面积6cm×5cm～20cm×9cm.结果 20例皮瓣中有17例术后全部成活,创面I期愈合;3例皮瓣远端边缘少许坏死,经短期换药后愈合.均获3个月～8年随访,无1例感染复发.结论 小腿感染性骨折伴皮肤软组织缺损的治疗,选择适宜的手术时机和手术方法可获得满意的疗效.应用腓肠神经营养血管蒂逆行岛状皮瓣及隐神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣是较理想的修复小腿中下1/3段中等面积以下皮肤软组织缺损的方法.     

三维半环架固定治疗胫腓骨粉碎性骨折

胫腓骨粉碎性骨折常见,临床上往往处理困难,部分患者合并有开放性创口,甚至有感染、缺损,尤其是胫腓骨下段,软组织覆盖少、血供差,切开复位内固定很容易因感染和骨缺损导致骨不连。我院2003年10月-2005年12月,行三维半环架外固定治疗胫腓骨粉碎性骨折24例,效果满意。报告如下。     

注射用12种复合维生素致过敏性休克1例

1 病例报告 患者,男,25岁,2014-01-03不慎被重物砸伤左小腿,以“左胫腓骨粉碎性骨折”入院.全麻下行“左胫骨中下行段开放性粉碎性骨折清创复位外固定架、螺钉固定术”,术后10 d切口未愈合,左小腿创面皮肤发黑,为进一步治疗转入皮肤再生科.查体:体温36.6℃,脉搏82次/min,呼吸20次/min,血压110/70 mmHg.     

游离股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂皮肤软组织缺损85例体会

目的探讨游离股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂皮肤软组织缺损的临床效果。方法85例前臂皮肤软组织缺损患者,采用游离旋股外侧动脉降支发出的肌皮支营养皮瓣进行修复。结果85例全部成活,住院25—30d;术后随访1．5个月-1年,修复皮瓣色泽红润,质地柔软,患肢功能良好。结论应用游离股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂皮肤软组织缺损,能最大限度保存肢体功能,缩短住院时间,减少患者多次手术的痛苦。     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.