更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变的临床意义

目的 探讨更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变的临床意义.方法 300例更年期女性(年龄45～58岁)分为45～49岁、50～54岁、55～58岁三个年龄组与300例同年龄段男性作对照行动态心电图检测.结果 两性间动态心电图ST-T改变有显著差异性(P＜0.01),女性三个年龄组动态心电图ST-T改变无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 更年期女性动态心电图ST-T改变多为功能性.治疗重点以调节内分泌及自主神经功能为主.     

不同体位心电图ST-T改变分析

目的分析不同体位常规12导联心电图ST-T的变化,探讨其临床意义。方法随机选取40例体检者,分别进行平卧位、左侧卧位、右侧卧位、坐位、站立位、常规12导联心电图检查,对每例心电图以平卧位为标准进行对比分析ST-T的变化。结果各体位心电图中ST段无明显变化,只有1例常规平卧心电图STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4～V6水平压低0.05～0.075mV,而左侧卧位心电图STⅡ、Ⅲ、aVF、V4～V6呈下斜型压低0.05～0.10mV。T波的变化下壁变化明显T波由直立转为低平浅倒,高侧壁前外侧壁由直立略低平转为低平平坦。结论 体位性ST-T改变是一种正常的变异。     

心电图ST-T改变运动试验和动态心电图缺血性ST-T改变的诊断与评价

尽管冠状动脉造影被普遍认为是冠心病诊断的金标准,但是,心电图始终是临床冠心病诊断最常用和最实用的方法.动态心电图(Holter)的出现、心电图与运动或药物等相结合(负荷心电图)能更好地诊断冠心病心肌缺血.心电图对心肌缺血的诊断主要依靠ST段的移位,而T波改变的特异性较差,其意义多需结合ST段改变分析.本文主要讨论缺血性ST段改变.     

心电图ST-T改变的临床问题

ST段和T波的改变在临床上极为常见,而其临床意义又千差万别。心电图室的医师在心电图报告上的诊断又多是ST-T改变,请结合临床,这就给我们提出了一个严肃的问题——如何正确地认识和判读心电图的ST-T改变,给临床提供诊断线索。本文总结了本人几十年的体会,结合有关文献将ST-T改变的临床问题介绍如下,供大家参考。     

心电图ST-T改变与高血压病症加重及冠脉硬化的相关性研究

目的 本研究旨在探讨心电图ST-T改变与高血压病症加重以及冠脉硬化之间的相关性。方法 选择2022年3月至2023年3月期间确诊为高血压的患者100例作为研究对象,收集其心电图数据并进行分析。通过评估ST段与T波的改变情况,将患者分为两组：ST-T改变组与非ST-T改变组,每组各50例。对患者进行心功能评估以及冠脉CT检查以确定冠脉硬化程度。结果 ST-T改变组的患者病变严重度评分以及血压水平高于非ST-T改变组,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。同时,ST-T改变与高血压病症加重及冠脉硬化呈正相关,是导致高血压病症加重及冠脉硬化的危险因素。结论 心电图ST-T改变与高血压病症加重以及冠脉硬化之间存在明显的相关性。通过监测与评估心电图的ST-T改变,可以对高血压病患者的病情与冠脉硬化程度进行初步判断。     

心房颤动心电图的ST-T改变

心房颤动多数发生于器质性心脏病患者 ,少数发生于正常心脏患者 ,近几年 ,非瓣膜病引起的房颤越来越多。房颤心电图可以呈现损伤型和缺血型心电图改变。损伤型心电图改变的特点是ST段偏移及形态的改变 ;缺血型心电图改变的特点为T波形态、振幅及方向的变化。然而导致房颤时ST -T改变的原因较多 ,本文将分别做介绍。一、房颤ST -T改变的分类 :原发性ST -T改变 :左心室肥厚时 ,肥厚的心肌摄取氧和营养物质以及排泄代谢产物发生困难 ,导致冠脉相对性供血不足 ,最终引起一定程度的心肌损伤 ,使ST -T发生原发性的改变。这种改变多由冠状动…     

动态心电图与常规心电图检测ST-T段改变对比分析

目的对比动态心电图与常规心电图检测ST-T段改变情况。方法选取于我院接受治疗的60例心脏病患者为观察对象,按照心电图检测方法的不同分为两组,即对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组患者接受动态心电图检测,观察组患者接受常规心电图检测,对比两组患者ST-T段改变情况。结果观察组ST段缺血性压低、V1-V6 T波直立V1 T>V5 T、V4-V6 T波低平或倒置比例高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对患者进行常规心电图检测ST-T段检测可诊断患者是否存在心肌缺血等心脏疾病,同时结合患者临床资料诊断也可达到令人满意的效果。     

心电图ST-T改变超声心动图检查110例对照分析

我院自2000年6月～2004年6月对110例45岁以上患者,心电图ST—T出现异常改变后进行超声心动图检查。     

对心电图de Winter ST-T改变的思考

de Winter ST-T改变心电图在命名、罪犯血管定位及诊断等方面尚有争议.本文结合文献,就de Winter ST-T改变心电图争议问题,提出了作者的观点.     

不同性别心电图ST-T改变对冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨ST-T改变对不同性别人群冠脉狭窄的诊断价值。方法对108例男性（A组）与63例女性（B组）ST-T改变者冠脉造影之结果对比分析。结果A组阳性率为59．256％,B组阳性率为33．33％,两组之问阳性率有非常明显的差异（P〈0．01）。结论体表心电图ST-T改变预测冠心病应考虑性别对其诊断的影响。     

Comparison of electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in patients with acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke who had no history of heart disease. METHODS: During 12 months, 222 consecutive stroke patients were enrolled in this study. Of them 162 had ischemic stroke and 60 had hemorrhagic stroke. Frequency of arrhythmias and ECG changes were compared between two stroke groups. Electrocardiographic abnormalities included ischemia-like changes (ST-segment depression or elevation, abnormal T and U waves), QTc prolongation and arrhythmias. RESULTS: Ischemic stroke patients were elder than hemorrhagic ones (64+/-14 years vs. 57+/-13 years, p=0.003). Other clinical characteristics were comparable in both groups. Ischemia-like ECG changes were found in 65% of ischemic stroke patients while they were observed in 57% of hemorrhagic stroke patients (p=0.33). Atrial fibrillation was more frequent in ischemic stroke than in hemorrhagic stroke (34% vs. 13%, p=0.01) patients. Individually, other ECG abnormalities were not different in both groups. With relation of ECG abnormalities to location of the brain lesion, there was a trend in favor of involvement of the temporal, frontal and parietal lobes. CONCLUSION: Regardless stroke-related lesion, ECG abnormalities can be seen frequently in stroke patients without primary heart disease. They can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties for cardiologists and neurologists.     

ST-T changes in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Electrocardiographic ST-T changes with or without troponin, CK-MB positivity are frequent clinical entities in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Recognizing electrocardiographic ST-T changes as a consequence of acute myocardial ischemia rather than as a nonspecific ECG finding of acute ischemic stroke would benefit stroke patients, since myocardial and cerebral ischemia may co-exist in the same patient due to similar pathogenetic mechanisms.     

Prevalence of electrocardiographic ST-T changes during acute ischemic stroke in patients without known ischemic heart disease

We evaluated characteristics and prevalence of ST-segment depression and/or T-wave inversion in the resting electrocardiogram of 244 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke, but without ischemic heart disease. The prevalence of ST-T changes ranged from 13% to 16% and this is what to expect in the background population.     

Prognostic value of dipyridamole stress echocardiography in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, chest pain and resting electrocardiographic repolarization abnormalities

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD); therefore, evaluating the presence of CAD is a primary clinical goal. However, the noninvasive tests that are commonly used have poor diagnostic specificity, particularly in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prognostic value of dipyridamole stress echocardiography (DET) for ischemic events in a subset of patients with hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy, chest pain and resting electrocardiographic repolarization abnormalities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two patients (48 men and 34 women; average age 65+/-7.2 years with left ventricular hypertrophy documented echocardiographically (left ventricular mass index greater than 50 g/h(2.7)), and resting ST segment shift of 0.1 mV or more from baseline at 80 ms after J point in at least two contiguous leads, were submitted to DET according to high-dosage protocol and coadministered with atropine. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 25.11+/-8.3 months. The stress test produced positive results in 30 patients (36.5%); 16 (53%) and three (5%) cardiac events occurred in positive and negative stress test groups, respectively. At multivariate analysis, only positive DET response (P=0.000002), left ventricular mass index (P=0.028) and a family history of CAD (P=0.037) were independent predictors. The two-year event-free survival rates were 95% and 47% (log-rank 21.093, P=0.00001) for negative and positive stress test results, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: DET is a useful tool in the prognostic assessment of coronary events in this particular subgroup of patients with hypertension.     

Echocardiographic wall motion abnormalities in hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE Study

There is limited information on correlates of left ventricular wall motion (WM) abnormalities in ambulatory patients with hypertension and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy by Cornell voltage-duration product and/or Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence and the correlates of echocardiographic global and segmental left ventricular WM abnormalities in 942 hypertensive patients with hypertrophy enrolled in the Losartan Intervention For End-point reduction in hypertension (LIFE) echo substudy. Patients were separated into groups of those with normal WM or those with segmental or global WM abnormalities. Segmental and global WM abnormalities were mostly of mild degree and were detected in 7% and 6% of the study sample. Compared with subjects with normal motion, those with WM abnormalities were mostly men and had higher prevalences of self-reported coronary heart disease, ECG signs of myocardial infarction, ST-strain pattern, and higher Cornell voltage-duration product, echo-left ventricular mass, and albuminuria, but lower total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Blood pressure was similar among groups. No significant differences were found between patients with global or segmental WM abnormalities. Only half of patients with WM abnormalities had a history or ECG signs of coronary heart disease. Independent correlates of WM abnormalities were higher albuminuria and Cornell voltage-duration product, male gender, and echo-left ventricular hypertrophy, but lower cholesterol. In a subanalysis restricted to patients with WM abnormalities, those with evident cardiovascular disease had a higher prevalence of ST-strain pattern than those with subclinical WM abnormalities, but other clinical, ECG, or echocardiographic parameters were indistinguishable between the 2 groups. Thus, in hypertensives with ECG left ventricular hypertrophy, WM abnormalities, mostly of mild degree, occurred in one eighth of the patients and were associated with male gender, left ventricular hypertrophy, and albuminuria. No significant differences were found between patients with global or segmental wall motion abnormalities.     

壮族原发性高血压左心室肥厚患者不同心电图诊断指标的应用价值

目的探讨不同心电图诊断指标在壮族原发性高血压患者左心室肥厚临床诊断中的应用价值。方法选择壮族原发性高血压患者100例,以超声心动图检查所得到的左心室质量指数作为左心室肥厚诊断的参考标准,验证Cornell指数、Sokolow-Lyon指数和Romhilt-Estes积分3种心电图诊断指标的临床应用价值。结果以超声心动图诊断的左心室肥厚结果为标准,3种心电图指标均存在敏感性低,特异性高的特点;男性的诊断价值均大于女性;Romhilt-Estes积分高于Cornell指数和Sokolow-Lyon指数(P0.05)。结论 3种心电图指标可以作为诊断左心室肥厚的常规方法。     

Incidence and prognostic value of electrocardiographic abnormalities after heart transplantation

Background: The improvement of surgical techniques and the use of immunosuppressive drugs within the past 15 years has made heart transplantation an increasingly performed procedure and an accepted treatment for end-stage cardiac failure. Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to describe the changes of the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) after heart transplantation and to determine their prognostic value on complications such as rejection or graft coronary artery disease during follow-up. Methods: The ECGs of 62 consecutive patients were analyzed for 5 years at follow-up periods of 1,2,3,6 months and yearly after transplantation. Results: The most prevalent abnormality was the presence of complete or incomplete right bundle-branch block (RBBB). New RBBB appeared in 69% (43/62) of the patients, mainly during the first month (21/43). There was no left bundle-branch block. We detected nine episodes of supraventricular arrhythmias: one atrial fibrillation, six atrial flutter, one junctional tachycardia, one orthodromic tachycardia on a Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; all appearing during the first 3 months. Three of the six episodes of atrial flutter occurred during an episode of acute rejection. There was no relation between RBBB and the gender and age of recipients and donors, nor with the graft ischemic time and the pre-transplantation hemodynamic values. Right bundle-branch block was not associated with acute rejection nor with graft coronary artery disease. Conclusion: The ECG abnormalities after heart transplantation have no predictive value on the long-term evolution. Right bundle-branch block is very frequent and is not associated with adverse prognosis.     

急性脑卒中老年患者心电图ST段抬高的临床意义

目的探讨老年急性脑卒中患者心电图ST段抬高是否具有急性心肌梗死的临床意义。方法选择急性脑卒中合并心电图上相邻两个以上导联ST段抬高、且于脑卒中后3个月～6个月内接受了冠状动脉造影的老年患者46例为研究对象,根据心电图演变、心肌血清标记物检测及冠状动脉造影结果,将患者分为急性脑卒中合并急性心肌梗死的ST段抬高组和非急性心肌梗死的ST段抬高组,进行组间临床特征的分析比较。结果46例急性脑卒中伴ST段抬高的患者中,合并急性心肌梗死者12例,心肌梗死组合并心房颤动、糖尿病、既往冠状动脉性心脏病(冠心病)史、纤维蛋白原水平、心肌型肌钙蛋白I和肌酸激酶同工酶阳性率均显著高于非心肌梗死组(P<0.05或0.01)。心肌梗死组多为ST段弓背向上抬高,幅度多≥0.2 mV,多呈动态演变且伴R波的进行性降低。而非心肌梗死组的ST段抬高多不具有上述特点。结论急性脑卒中所伴发的心电图ST段抬高患者中约30%合并急性心肌梗死,严密观察心电图演变及血清心肌标记物水平可资早期鉴别。     

Interactive effects of ST-T wave abnormalities on survival of patients with coronary artery disease

Previous studies have documented a reduced survival time in patients with an electrocardiographic (ECG) ST-T wave abnormality. This study was designed to determine the clinical, hemodynamic and angiographic correlates of this observation. Data from 9,731 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization from 1976 through 1986 were analyzed; 5,531 had severe (greater than 70%) obstruction of at least one major coronary artery, 1,706 had mild (10 to 69%) obstruction and 2,494 had no obstruction. Of the patients with severe obstruction, 2,536 were treated medically and 2,995 were treated by surgical revascularization. Patients with an ST-T abnormality had more clinical risk factors (including older age and greater prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and prior myocardial infarction) and greater left ventricular dysfunction (including higher end-diastolic pressure and ventricular volume, reduced ejection fraction and greater prevalence of contraction abnormality) than did those without this ECG pattern. Survival time was significantly (p less than 0.01) reduced in subsets of patients with an ST-T abnormality and with severe or mild coronary artery disease; in those without coronary disease, ST-T changes did not correlate with reduced survival. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to each group to determine the independent predictors of 5-year survival. In patients with severe disease or no disease, an ST-T abnormality was not chosen as an independent predictor of 5-year survival; in the group with mild disease, ST-T changes were an independent predictor of reduced survival. Thus, the independent impact of an ST-T abnormality on survival is dependent on the severity of underlying coronary artery disease.