高强度聚焦超声治疗原发性肝癌的疗效

目的探讨高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）对原发性肝癌的治疗效果。方法对我科自2005年5月至2006年8月使用高强度聚焦超声治疗的35例原发性肝癌进行回顾性分析。结果本组术后疼痛症状缓解率为69.6%,术后3月生存率94.29%,6月生存率65.59%,1年生存率57.39%;术后生存期较其自然病程延长。结论高强度聚焦超声治疗原发性肝癌可在一定程度上减轻患者症状、改善患者生存质量、延长患者生存时间。     

高强度聚焦超声治疗中晚期原发性肝癌对患者免疫状态的影响

目的 观察高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗中晚期原发性肝癌对患者免疫状态的影响。方法 对2003年3月至2003年12月我院收治的40例原发性肝癌患者行HIFU治疗,对其治疗前后进行自身比较并与射频治疗组进行比较,观察分析原发性肝癌患者在接受HIFU治疗后的免疫指标（cD3、cD4、CD8、CD4／CD8、NK、IL-2、TNF）变化。结果 HIFU治疗组与射频治疗组3、6、9个月及1年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义;患者上述各项免疫指标于HIFU治疗前后相比较差异无统计学意义,与射频治疗组比较,差异亦无统计学意义。结论 HIFU治疗中晚期原发性肝癌对患者早期免疫状态的影响不明显。     

高强度聚焦超声治疗55例原发性肝癌后的早期影像学变化

目的：研究高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗原发性肝癌（PLC）的早期影像学变化，为建立HIFU治疗肝癌的评价标准提供依据。方法：HIFU治疗本组55例PLC病人，观察治疗前后彩色多普勒超声、DSA、CT或MRI的变化。结果：与治疗前比较，经HIFU治疗后1-2周内肝癌出现治疗有效的影像学变化。其中，MRI是评价疗效的最佳检查方法，主要表现为T1和T2加权相信号的变化，以及动态增强相癌灶血液供应消失，边缘出现环状薄层的强化带。结论：MRI能及时判断HIFU是否完全灭活肝癌，治疗区有无残存癌组织和确定治疗范围。     

聚焦超声在原发性腹膜后肉瘤治疗中的应用

目的探讨高强度聚焦超声治疗系统配合手术治疗原发性腹膜后肉瘤的临床效果。方法选取单纯手术组原发性腹膜后肉瘤患者45例,聚焦超声刀＋手术组原发性腹膜后肉瘤患者47例,观测其手术完全切除率、术后并发症发生率、1年复发率和5年的生存率差异是否有统计学意义。结果聚焦超声刀＋手术组较单纯手术组手术完全切除率高,术后并发症发生率低,5年生存率高,且有统计学意义;聚焦超声刀＋手术组较单纯手术组1年复发率低,但无统计学意义。结论高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）局部疗效确切且副作用小,术前配合手术治疗原发性腹膜后肉瘤可以使瘤体减小、粘连压迫减轻,手术难度减轻,完全切除率提高,并发症减少,复发减少,生存时间延长。     

高能聚焦超声治疗8例肝包虫病的临床疗效分析

目的探讨高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗肝包虫病的安全性与有效性。方法回顾性分析2008~2010年期间我院海扶中心治疗的8例肝包虫病患者的临床资料,分析HIFU治疗的效果及术后肝区疼痛、发热、皮肤烧伤等并发症发生情况,并随访其预后及复发情况。结果 8例肝包虫病患者经HIFU治疗后病情均明显好转,在临床症状及影像学中均有显著体现;患者术后均出现肝功能损害,但5 d内恢复正常;有3例患者出现了发热,2~6 d恢复;有6例患者出现了肝区疼痛,2~7 d自行缓解;术区皮肤基本正常,除有3例有轻微肿胀外,余无特殊不适。结论从本组有限的数据初步得出,HIFU治疗肝包虫病效果良好,手术创伤较小,术后并发症较少,治疗肝包虫病有效、安全。     

放射性粒子125Ⅰ联合高强度聚焦超声治疗肝癌的临床疗效

目的 探讨应用放射性粒子125Ⅰ联合高强度聚焦超声治疗肝癌的临床疗效及可行性.方法 四川大学华西医院自2006年6月～2007年4月采用放射性粒子125Ⅰ联合高强度聚焦超声治疗肝癌10例,其中5例为原发性肝癌患者,5例为肝癌术后复发患者.在治疗计划指导下,利用放射性粒子125Ⅰ联合高强度聚焦超声进行治疗.结果 10例患者手术均顺利完成.所有患者术后未发生出血、感染等严重并发症,部分患者肝功能出现损害,经常规保肝治疗后恢复.术后经腹部摄片证实放射性粒子的位置无变化,于术后1、3、6月作CT复查肿瘤体积变化,提示肿瘤不同程度缩小.术后1月存活8例,术后3月存活7例,术后6月存活5例,术后1年存活2例.随访3～18个月,其中最短存活1个月,最长存活22个月,有2例患者现仍然存活.其余患者死于术后全身广泛转移.结论 放射性125l粒子和高强度聚焦超声联合应用具有安全、微创及并发症发生率低的特点,是综合治疗肝癌的有效手段之一.     

HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤临床疗效观察

目的探讨HIFU(高强度聚焦超声)治疗子宫肌瘤的效果。方法回顾性分析83例子宫肌瘤患者实施HIFU治疗的资料,观察患者临床症状改善和并发症发生情况。结果治疗1年后本组总有效率98.80%(82/83),治疗及随访中未出现局部皮肤烧伤等并发症病例。结论子宫肌瘤患者采取HIFU治疗可明显缩小瘤体,改善症状,并发症少,效果肯定。     

高强度聚焦超声治疗高危前列腺增生症的临床疗效

目的 评价高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗高危前列腺增生症的近期疗效及安全性。方法 选择高危前列腺增生症患者102例，超声定位实时监视下，从体外将高能量超声聚焦于增生的前列腺组织，应用FEP-BY02型高强度聚焦超声治疗机进行HIFU治疗，治疗后定期随访观察患者临床症状、体征及瘤体超声影像学变化。结果 102例患者治疗后近期总有效率为92.2%（显效＋有效＋部分有效），其中显效11例（10.8%），有效43例（42.2%），部分有效40例（39.2%），无效8例（7.8%）。结论 HIFU体外治疗可作为一种无手术创伤治疗高危前列腺增生症安全有效方法之一。     

HIFU治疗原发性肝癌的临床运用

原发性肝癌（肝癌）是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,我国发病人数约占全球的55％,在肿瘤相关死亡中居第2位[1]。目前,首选治疗方法仍为手术切除。然而大多肝癌在确诊时已进展为中晚期,其手术切除率低于25％,而术后3年复发率高于70％。肝癌对放化疗不敏感,对于无法行手术的患者现多应用局部治疗。高强度聚焦超声（High intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU）以其非侵入性、适形、可重复性等特点,近十年来在肝癌的局部治疗中迅速发展。本文就HIFU近年来在肝癌中的应用作一探讨。     

高强度聚焦超声热疗治疗晚期胰腺癌的初步临床应用

目的 了解高强度聚焦超声热疗（HIFU）治疗晚期胰腺癌的效果及安全性。方法 采用FEP－BY01型超声热疗机对21例晚期胰腺癌者进行HIFU治疗。结果 治疗后88％（15／17）患者疼痛症状明显缓解,癌组织超声回声都出现不同程度地增强,血供明显减少或消失,但是治疗后肿瘤大小及CT值无明显改变,正电子发射计算机断层显象检查提示癌组织已被杀死。本组未发生皮肤烧伤、胰瘘、出血、胰腺炎、胃肠道穿孔等并发症。HIFU后本组平均生存期为7．6个月。结论 HIFU可作为晚期胰腺癌的一种新的局部治疗方法。     

胫骨平台骨折手术治疗的治疗体会

胫骨平台骨折又称胫骨近端关节内骨折,是膝关节创伤中最常见的骨折之一.在临床中较常见,约占全身各种骨折的4%.胫骨平台骨折大多是由于高能量损伤导致的,骨折类型复杂,并伴有严重软组织、侧刮韧带、膝关节韧带、交叉韧带半月板等损伤,治疗难度大.我科2007年10月至2010年3月,共手术治疗胫骨平台骨折21例,取得较为满意的效果.     

Surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis: current treatment modalities

Background

Selected patients with peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM) have been treated effectively by the combination of cytoreduction surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to summarize the treatment outcomes and general considerations regarding definitions and staging systems of current CRS and HIPEC modalities in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and in secondary peritoneal malignancies such as peritoneal metastasis from appendiceal, colorectal, gastric, and epithelial ovarian cancers.

Conclusion

Disease progression within the peritoneal cavity has in the past been regarded as a terminal event. Accumulating evidence underlines the therapeutic potential and the acceptable morbidity and mortality rates of CRS and HIPEC in selected patients.     

Pain treatment today--current standing of pain treatment in Germany

Beyond doubt the provision of pain therapy for patients with acute and chronic pain in Germany has improved over the last 30 years. This positive development comprises i. e. the growing impact of acute pain services on the treatment of patients with postoperative pain and the implementation of new developments in research into the clinical setting of obstetric pain therapy. Nevertheless, the provision of pain therapy for patients with chronic pain syndromes, for children, and in the fields of cancer pain and palliative medicine is neither qualitatively nor quantitatively sufficient.     

颈椎过伸性脊髓损伤保守和手术治疗疗效分析

目的回顾性分析比较颈椎过伸性损伤患者行早期（小于24h）和晚期（大于24h）手术以及非手术治疗的疗效。方法自1995年1月～2005年6月间收治并获得随访的132例过伸性脊髓损伤患者中，31例行保守治疗，27例24h内行手术治疗，74例24h后行手术治疗，观察各组治疗前、后及随访时的AISA评分以及相关并发症。结果早期和晚期手术组术后随访临床疗效好于保守治疗组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），早期和晚期手术组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；保守治疗、早期和晚期手术组肺炎的并发症的发生率分别是2／31（6．5％）、1／27（3．6％）和9／74（12．2％）。结论颈椎过伸性损伤患者手术治疗疗效好于保守治疗，晚期和早期手术对神经功能改善无明显差异，但晚期手术并发症相对增多。     

Results of treatment

Overall results of management in patients admitted to the 8 Italian centers participating in the International Cooperative Study on Timing of Aneurysm Surgery were rather unsatisfactory, with good recovery in only 42% of patients, and death in 45% of patients. As compared to the other centers included in the Study, Italian centers exhibited a significantly lower recovery rate and a significantly higher mortality rate. There were significant differences also between the individual Italian centers; independently of admission neurological status and timing of surgery, the outcome was better in centers 2 and 6 (a mortality rate under 20%) and worse in centers 1 and 8 (a mortality rate around 60%). Using prognostic factor models, higher than expected mortality rates were observed in 4 centers, and lower than expected good recovery rates in 3 centers. In Italian centers vasospasm accounted for the highest morbidity and mortality rate; the difference in mortality rate from vasospasm between Italian and other centers was very significant. Other important causes of death and disability were constituted by direct effect of the initial bleed and by recurrent hemorrhage. Patients operated on in Italian centers exhibited a good recovery in 57% of cases; the mortality was 27%. Differences from the other centers were less marked than for the overall management results. Mortality rates from vasospasm and from surgical complications were significantly higher in Italian than in the other study centers. Between the individual Italian centers, vasospasm accounted for the highest mortality rate in centers 7 and 8 (17% and 28% respectively). Postoperative pneumonia was significantly more frequent in Italian than in the other centers. In regard to timing of surgery, the differences in results between Italian and other centers were less marked when surgery was performed after 10 days from hemorrhage. In Italian centers as a whole, a delayed operation was linked with a better outcome than an early or subacute operation. The lowest recovery rate was observed in drowsy patients operated on between 4 and 10 days from the hemorrhage. Focal ischemic deficits and pneumonia were prevalent after an operation within 3 days of hemorrhage, while postoperative brain swelling was most frequent in patients operated on between 4 and 10 days from hemorrhage. The differences in results between Italian and other centers and among the individual Italian centers are widely discussed; possible explanations include inadequate modalities of treatment (especially inadequate management of vasospasm) and structural deficiencies of intensive care management in seriously ill patients.     

Surgical treatment of reruptures of the tendoachilles following nonsurgical treatment.

Nine patients who sustained a rerupture of their Achilles tendon after nonsurgical treatment were evaluated both subjectively and objectively with the Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. Subjectively, only 5 of the 8 patients were satisfied as compared to a 93% satisfaction rate in our previous series of patients with primary surgical repair. Cybex measurements were statistically inconsistent, unlike the primary repairs. This small series of patients in which the tendoachilles was reconstructed following failed nonsurgical treatment suggests that early surgical repair is the treatment of choice unless otherwise medically contraindicated.