Changes in the phospholipid composition of cat hepatocyte plasma membrane in hemorrhagic shock

Progressive elimination of phosphatidylcholine from the hepatocyte plasma membranes is observed during the development of hemorrhagic shock in cats. The phosphatidylinositol content decreases 30 min after the start of bleeding and then gradually increases. The phosphatidylethanolamine content is increased on the 30th and 60th min of bleeding, while the content of phosphatidylserine increases 1 h after the start of bleeding. At the peak of hemorrhagic shock the major shifts are observed in the phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol contents. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 261–263, March, 1997.     

Structural changes in the erythrocyte plasma membrane in dehydration

Changes in the lipid bilayer and glycocalyx of the erythrocyte plasma membrane are studied by the method of spin labels in dehydrated rats. No appreciable chantes are found in the membrane of erythrocytes from rats deprived of water for 3 days. Changes occur in the glycocalyx after a 6-day dehydration, while a 12-day dehydration induces irreversible changes in the plasma membrane lipids and the erythrocyte surface areas. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 402–404, October, 1996     

Synthesis of plasma membrane proteins in cells of the regenerating liver

Protein synthesis was studied by determining incorporation of [³H]glycine in cells of the regenerating rat liver. The rate of incorporation of [³H]glycine into total liver proteins, proteins of the microsomal fraction and of the hyaloplasm, and proteins of the plasma membranes, soluble and insoluble in 0.05 M K₂CO₃ was determined. The rate of incorporation of [³H]glycine into soluble proteins of the plasma membranes reached a maximum 1 h after partial hepatectomy. The maximal rate of synthesis of proteins of the other fractions occurred at the end of the g₁ period. The sharp increase in the rate of synthesis of plasma membrane proteins soluble in 0.05 M K₂CO₃ is evidently one of the earliest biochemical events in cells of the regenerating liver preparing to divide.Laboratory of Chemical Factors of Regulation of Growth and Cell Division, Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Orekhovich.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 589–591, May, 1978.     

Role of endogenous neuromodulator peptides in functional tolerance enhancement of cerebral neurons to ischemia

A short-term hypoxic stress induces synthesis and release of neuromodulator peptides from the olfactory cortex slices of the rat brain, which are protectors against the damage to synaptic transmission caused by long-lasting anoxia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 503–505, May, 1998     

Effect of naftidrofuryl on lipid peroxidation in serum and erythrocyte plasma membrane of patients with diabetes mellitus

Effect of naftidrofuryl, a blocker of serotonin 5S₂-receptors (Dusodril-retard), on the malonic dialdehyde content in the serum and erythrocyte membranes is studied in diabetics with and without angiopathies. A 40-day treatment with Dusodril-retard normalizes the serum content of malonic dialdehyde, an intermediate product of lipid peroxidation, and has no effect on the malonic dialdehyde content of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. A negative correlation is established between blood levels of total cholesterol, β lipoproteins, and malonic dialdehyde levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 9, pp. 338–341, September, 1996     

Role of the connective tissue matrix in thermomechanical reactions of the aortic wall

Mechanical thermosensitivity of the aortic wall is studied using transverse and longitudinal preparations. The major contribution of the connective tissue matrix to the heat-induced contraction is demonstrated. Transverse preparations develop greater tension than longitudinal preparations. A model with two active elements is proposed. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 357–360, March, 1997     

Effects of regulatory peptides on DNA synthesis in duodenal smooth muscle tissues of albino rats during the early postnatal period

Effects of angiotensin II, endothelin-1, dermorphin A10 analogue, dalargin, and hydra peptide morphogen on DNA synthesis in duodenal smooth muscle cells of newborn albino rats were studied by³H-thymidine autoradiography. Angiotensin II and endothelin-1 increased the number of DNA-synthesizing myocytes and did not affect the labeling intensity. Dermorphin A10 analogue, dalargin, and hydra peptide morphogen had no effect on these indexes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 6, pp. 651–653, June, 1999     

Effect of epithalone on the age-specific changes in the time course of lipid peroxidation inDrosophila melanogaster

The effect of epithalone on the age-specific time course of lipid peroxidation was studied in inadaptiveDrosophila melanogaster strains. A single dose of epithalone at the larval stage decreased the level of conjugated hydroperoxides and Schiff bases throughout the life span of imago. Strain- and sex-specific differences in the time course of the studied sign are characterized. Translated fromByulleten’s Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 11, pp. 585–588, November, 2000     

Kinetics of lipid unsaturation in blood plasma of mice with Lewis carcinoma

The extreme nature of changes of lipid unsaturation in plasma of mice with Lewis carcinoma is demonstrated. The maximal activation of lipid peroxidation is observed on days 7–9 after transplantation and correlates with the exponential growth of the tumor. From the 9th day the level of double bonds in plasma lipids increases, this coinciding with the first appearance of metastases in the lungs. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 631–632, December, 1994 Presented by S. M. Navashin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Detection of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins in the nuclear matrix of some tumors

Tyrosine-containing proteins were detected by the immunoperoxidase method in the nuclear matrix of the liver and some tumors of mice. Two strips with molecular weights of about 180 and 170 kD are characteristic of hepatoma 22a and Ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma. Immunoelectron study with colloid gold showed that tyrosine-containing proteins and fibronectin are commonly present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 9, pp. 279–281, September, 1995     

The invertor mechanism of changes in the plasma membranes of hepatocytes during induction of microsomal monooxygenases in adult and old rats

Age-specific changes of some parameters of the state of the plasma membrane are studied for genetic induction of enzymes of microsomal oxidation. Changes of the state of plasma membrane of hepatocytes are shown to be associated with the synthesis of a specific intracellular regulator (invertor). Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 13–15, January, 1994     

Dose-dependent influence of buprenorphine on the phospholipid composition of cat hepatocyte plasma membranes in hemorrhagic shock

It is established that buprenorphine (0.3 mg/kg) induces considerable alterations in the phospholipid composition of hepatocyte plasma membranes as a result of phosphatidylserine accumulation and a considerable loss of sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylserine. When administered in a dose of 0.03 mg/kg, buprenorphine facilitates normalization of the phosphoinositol turnover in hepatocyte plasma membranes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 8, pp. 164–165, August, 1994 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Functional and biochemical correlations in hypoxic shock: Cooperative influence of regulatory peptides

In hypoxic shock, serotonin content in the spleen and epinephrine content in the adrenals are lowered. Administration of the peptide mixture FMRFa—thyroliberin—semax 15 min prior to hypoxia significantly prolongs the time of posture loss and abolishes the effect of hypoxia on the level of biogenic amines; the concentration of lipid peroxidation products decreases considerably. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 10, pp. 400–402, October, 1997     

Inverter mechanism of the influence exerted by insulin on the plasma membranes of cardiac myocytes in rats of different age

In the plasma membranes of cardiac myocytes from old rats, Na, K-ATPase activity and phosphatidylinositol levels were lower and cardiolipin levels higher than in those from younger (adult) animals. Insulin injected into adult rats elevated Na, K-ATPase activity and phosphatidylethanolarnine levels and caused a sharp fall in phosphatidylinositol levels. In old rats, insulin had no effect on Na, K-ATPase activity, but lowered phosphatidylethanolamine levels. In experiments with cellular hybrids (cytosol+plasma membranes), cytosol from adult rats activated Na, K-ATPase in both adult and old rats, whereas cytosol from old rats failed to activate the enzyme both in old and in adult rats. Actinomycin D prevented the stimulatory effect of insulin on Na,K-ATPase activity. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 8, pp. 122–125, August, 1995     

Effect of the tranquilizer mebicar on lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation on the model of hypokinesia in rats

Daily 18-hour hypokinesia induces atherogenic shifts in the blood lipid spectrum and activates lipid peroxidation in rats. Mebicar is shown to have a correcting effect on lipid metabolism and on the intensity of lipid peroxidation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 5, pp. 535–537, May, 1996     

Immunochemical identification of some high-molecular proteins in tumor nuclear matrix

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 10, pp. 418–421, October 1993     

Impact of low-molecular ovarian peptides on reproductive function inhibited by partial food deprivation

A preparation of total low-molecular peptides isolated from bovine ovaries by acetic acid extraction was tested for its impact on the reproductive function of rats inhibited by partial food deprivation. Three five-day courses of once-daily injections of the preparation at 5 mg/kg restored the number of growing follicles and ovulating ova, estrous cycle duration, and uterine and ovarian weight to their levels found in intact rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 6, pp. 610–613, June, 1996     

Effects of sex hormones on plasma lipid peroxidationin vitro

The effects of sex steroid hormones on the level of plasma lipid peroxidation are studiedin vitro. Estradiol shows pronounced antioxidative activity; progesterone and testosterone slightly suppress lipid peroxidation only when used in high concentrations. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 7, pp. 73–76, July, 1997     

Effects of immunosuppressors and cytostatics on the extracellular matrix production in experimental nephropathy

Methylprednisolone increased the content of laminine, cyclosporin increased the content of fibronectin, and cyclophosphamide suppressed the extracellular matrix production in experimental nephrotoxic nephritis and puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis. Therapy should be chosen with due consideration of the extracellular matrix structure in different morphological variants of chronic glomerulonephritis. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 584–587, November, 1998