特殊类型上颌窦良性病变鼻内镜手术体会

目的 探讨特殊类型上颌窦良性病变鼻内镜手术的有效方法.方法 上颌窦良性病变29例均在鼻内镜下手术,采用扩大上颌窦自然口,扩大上颌窦自然口+下鼻道开窗,中下鼻道联合贯通径路,鼻腔外侧壁切开或切除四种径路.结果 上颌窦真菌病14例中13例患者术后头痛、涕血症状消失,1例复发;出血坏死性上颌窦炎4例,患者术后鼻腔通气畅;上颌窦囊肿5例患者术后头痛消失;上颌窦内翻性乳头状瘤6例患者术后鼻塞、面部胀痛消退.随访至今除1例上颌窦真菌病复发再手术外其余病例均未见复发,术后未出现并发症.结论 鼻内镜下手术治疗上颌窦良性病变具有手术安全、彻底,术后反应轻,面部无瘢痕等特点,关键是选择合理的手术径路.     

导航鼻内镜下上颌窦良性骨性病变的治疗体会

目的 探讨经导航鼻内镜下切除上颌窦良性骨性病变的治疗体会。方法 回顾分析2005年10月至2010年1月治疗的上颌窦良性骨性病变8例的临床资料,术前行64排CT并三维重建,全部病例采用导航引导下手术切除,包括鼻内镜联合柯-陆氏径路及鼻内镜下经鼻下鼻道开窗径路。结果 3例为上颌窦内骨纤维异常增生症,5例为骨瘤,均在导航引导鼻内镜下成功切除了病变,其中6例经柯-陆氏径路切除病变,2例经鼻下鼻道开窗切除病变。随访半年以上,7例术后头痛、鼻塞、流脓涕、面部不适等症状逐渐消失,1例上颌窦内骨纤维异常增生症患者术后2月再次出现面部肿胀疼痛,保守治疗效果不佳,再次手术,发现上颌窦内有大量死骨,考虑为第1次手术后术腔未冲洗干净,导致上颌窦口堵塞,再次手术后症状消失。患者术后均未见复发。结论 影像导航系统可以准确迅速的确定病变位置,导航鼻内镜下上颌窦良性骨性病变切除是准确、安全、微创的手术方式。     

经上颌窦前壁双管穿刺径路治疗上颌窦囊肿

目的 研究上颌窦囊肿的手术治疗方法,为临床治疗提供理论依据。方法 对40例上颌窦囊肿患者行经上颌窦前壁双管穿刺径路鼻内镜手术治疗。结果 术后均无牙列酸痛、面部麻木等不适,单纯上颌窦囊肿患者均术后3 d出院。随诊3个月至半年经鼻内镜及鼻窦CT检查,无脓性分泌物,未见囊肿复发。结论 经上颌窦前壁双管穿刺径路治疗上颌窦囊肿具有手术方法简单、治愈率高、创伤小的优点,可减轻患者痛苦,值得临床推广应用。     

上颌窦良性占位性病变手术入路的探讨

目的探讨鼻内镜下多种手术入路治疗上颌窦良性占位性病变的方法及疗效。方法采用鼻内镜下中鼻道扩大上颌窦自然开口术、鼻内镜下中-下鼻道联合上颌窦开窗术、鼻内镜下鼻腔外侧壁切开上颌窦手术、鼻内镜下上颌窦内侧壁切除术、鼻内镜下改良Denker术等多种入路对136例上颌窦良性占位性病变进行手术治疗。结果除2例上颌窦后鼻孔息肉和1例内翻性乳头状瘤复发,经再次手术治疗痊愈外,其他患者均无复发。结论根据上颌窦良性占位性病变的不同临床特点,采用不同手术入路既可有效治愈上颌窦病变,同时可最大限度地减少手术创伤。     

不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎94例的临床分析

目的探讨不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析94例上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分别采用3种手术径路,即柯一陆手术入路31例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放入路33例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路30例;比较不同术式的临床疗效。结果所有患者术后均随访12个月。其中采用柯-陆手术入路患者治愈率74．2％（23／31）,5例出现面部麻木,无溢泪及鼻腔粘连等并发症;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放人路患者治愈率81．8％（27／33）,7例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等症状;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路患者治愈率100％,5例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等并发症。结论鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的手术方式。     

双径路鼻内镜下治疗真菌性上颌窦炎

目的：探讨双径路鼻内镜下对真菌性上颌窦炎的治疗。方法：对我科40例真菌性上颌窦炎经尖牙窝和上颌窦自然口双径路进行鼻内镜下手术。结果：40例患者全部治愈,无一例复发,6个月后复查CT上颌窦均无真菌及炎症。结论：真菌性上颌窦炎可以通过双径路鼻内镜下进行手术治疗,且疗效确切。     

功能性鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性上颌窦霉菌病57例

目的 探讨非侵袭性上颌窦霉菌病的临床特点、功能性鼻内镜手术治疗的价值及影响疗效的因素.方法 总结2004年3月～2007年12月在我院行功能性鼻内镜鼻窦手术(Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery,FESS)治疗的非侵袭性上颌窦霉菌病57例,分析该疾病的诊断、治疗及影像、疗效和转归的因素.结果 双径路(经上颌窦自然窦口加下鼻道开窗)术式的术后愈合期为5.2周,而单径路(经上颌窦自然开口)术式的术后愈合期为8.4周,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);单径路术式中术后使用抗真菌药物组的术后愈合期为8.2周,未使用抗真菌剂组的术后愈合期为8.5周,其差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 功能性鼻内镜手术(FESS)可以有效治疗非侵袭性上颌窦霉菌病,由于彻底清除病变,充分通气引流,双径路术式疗效优于单径路,术后是否使用抗真菌药物对疗效无明显影响.     

不同径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效分析

目的:比较2种不同入路鼻内镜手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效。方法:取鼻内镜联合尖牙窝小视窗双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(25例)作为治疗组,单纯鼻内镜下手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(25例)作为对照组,比较2组术后疗效。结果:随访1～2年,双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效优于单纯鼻内镜手术,2组比较差异有统计意义(χ2=4.268,P<0.05)。结论:鼻内镜联合尖牙窝小视窗双径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎能充分暴露上颌窦窦腔,彻底清除病变,改变窦腔低氧环境,保留上颌窦窦腔黏膜的正常生理功能,真正达到治愈和微创的目的。     

鼻内镜下三种不同入路治疗上颌窦黏膜囊肿的比较

目的探讨因上颌窦黏膜囊肿位置不同,应用不同入路行鼻内镜下上颌窦黏膜囊肿治疗方法的临床比较。方法统计2010年1月-2012年1月收入我院的上颌窦囊肿62例行鼻内镜手术,25例经上颌窦自然窦口行囊肿摘除,20例经下鼻道黏膜下开窗囊肿摘除,17例行鼻内镜辅助下尖牙窝穿刺摘除上颌窦囊肿。结果62例均行鼻内镜手术,术后经病理检查,证实为黏膜囊肿,随访6个月～2年。结论经鼻内镜辅助下不同手术方式治疗上颌窦黏膜囊肿效果明显,损伤较小,治愈率高。     

Caldwell-Luc径路联合鼻内镜手术治疗上颌窦病变38例

目的探讨Caldwell-Luc径路联合鼻内镜手术治疗上颌窦病变的方法。方法回顾分析Caldwell-Luc径路联合鼻内镜手术治疗38例上颌窦严重病变病例的临床资料。全部病例均在局部麻醉辅以强化麻醉下手术,手术中彻底清除上颌窦内的病变,摘除鼻腔肿物或息肉,切除钩突、扩大上颌窦自然开口,必要时行筛窦开放术。结果术后随访6~36个月,平均18个月。38例病例中治愈30例(78.9%),好转7例(18.4%),1例鼻腔-鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤术后复发,总有效率为97.4%。结论Caldwell-Luc径路联合鼻内镜手术治疗阻塞性上颌窦病变,效果满意,值得临床推广使用。     

颅内外沟通性嗅神经母细胞瘤8例显微手术治疗分析

目的讨论颅内外沟通性嗅神经母细胞瘤（ONB）的临床特点及显微手术策略。 方法湘雅医院神经外科2013年1月—2019年6月收治的颅内外沟通性ONB患者8例,男5例,女3例,年龄13~65岁;病程7 d至5年,平均12个月。其中手术选择双侧扩大经额底入路5例,联合经鼻内镜3例。全部患者术后行放疗,2例辅助化疗。观察患者的手术策略和临床疗效。结果8例患者颅内外沟通性ONB全切除,术后头痛及鼻腔疼痛全部改善,随访7个月至6年,存活4例,失访2例,2例术后4~10个月肿瘤广泛复发导致死亡。结论双侧扩大经额底入路及联合经鼻内镜显微手术有助于颅内外沟通性ONB的全切除,可提高患者生存率,值得临床推广。     

鼻-前颅底骨化纤维瘤的手术治疗

目的 探讨侵犯前颅底的鼻窦骨化纤维瘤的手术治疗。方法 回顾性分析6例侵犯前颅底的鼻窦骨化纤维瘤的手术方式，其中3例采用冠状切口加鼻侧切开，3例采用冠状切口加鼻内镜手术。结果 术后无并发症，随访1年6个月～7年无复发。结论 冠状切口加鼻侧切开术式能最大限度暴露病变，彻底切除肿瘤，减少并发症。冠状切口加鼻内镜手术术式不仅兼具上述特点，还可避免颜面部遗留手术瘢痕，符合微创和美容要求。     

内镜辅助下咽旁隙肿瘤切除术的临床应用

目的探讨内镜辅助下咽旁隙肿瘤切除术的临床应用的价值。方法收集2016年2月~2018年2月于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科行内镜辅助下咽旁隙肿瘤切除术患者16 例,其中颈外径路12 例,经口径路2 例,联合径路2 例,分析并总结将内镜应用于咽旁隙肿瘤切除术的方法及优势。结果16 例患者均完整切除肿瘤,其中恶性肿瘤4 例,良性肿瘤12 例。所有患者均无永久性并发症。所有原发性咽旁隙良恶性肿瘤患者术后随访12~34个月均无复发。 结论内镜辅助下咽旁隙肿瘤切除术可以完整切除咽旁隙肿瘤而无需截断下颌骨,具有手术创伤小,并发症发生率低的优点,值得研究及推广应用。     

鼻内镜辅助超声刀鼻咽血管纤维瘤切除手术

目的探讨从鼻腔径路鼻咽血管纤维瘤超声刀切除术减少术中出血的可行性。方法14例鼻咽血管纤维瘤患者，行同侧主供血动脉DSA栓塞后经传统硬腭径路手术7例，鼻内镜下辅以鼻腔径路超声刀手术7例，比较两组患者的出血量、手术时间等指标。结果传统手术术中出血约700-1200ml，平均860ml，手术时间180-300min；鼻内镜下辅以鼻腔径路超声刀手术术中出血约250-350ml，平均293ml，手术时间90-180min，组间差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．001）。结论鼻内镜下辅以腔径路超声刀手术，是有效切除鼻咽血管纤维瘤的安全术式，能明显减少术中出血，缩短手术时间，降低术后复发率。     

A minimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach for removal of arachnoid cysts in the internal auditory canal: a step by step description

IntroductionArachnoid cyst in the internal auditory canal is a quite rare pathology but due to its compressive action on the nerves in this district should be surgically removed. Several surgical techniques have been proposed but no surgeons have used the minimally assisted endoscope retrosigmoid approach for its removal.ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of using a minimally invasive endoscope assisted retro-sigmoid approach for surgical removal of arachnoid cysts in the internal auditory canal.MethodsMinimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach allows to access to the internal auditory canal through a minimally invasive retrosigmoid approach that combines the use of a microscope and an endoscope. It is performed in six steps: soft tissue step, bone step, dura step, cerebellopontine angle step (performed using an endoscope and a microscope), microscope-endoscope assisted arachnoid cysts removal and closure. We tested minimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach for removal of arachnoid cysts in the internal auditory canal on two human cadaveric heads (specimens) of subjects affected from audio-vestibular disorders and with arachnoid cysts in the internal auditory canal confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsThe mass was completely and successfully removed from the two specimens with no damage to the nerves and/or vessels in the surgical area.ConclusionThe results of our study are encouraging and support the feasibility of using minimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach for removal of arachnoid cysts in the internal auditory canal. While further clinical in-vivo studies are needed to confirm the accuracy and safety of using the minimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach for this specific surgery, our group has successfully used the minimally invasive endoscope assisted retrosigmoid approach in the treatment of microvascular compressive syndrome, schwannoma removal and vestibular nerve resection.     

A comparative study of endoscope assisted myringoplasty and micrsoscope assisted myringoplasty

Objective  To determine the advantages and disadvantages of the endoscope as compared to the microscope in myringoplasty surgery and to compare the results of both groups. Methods  Between January 2003 and September 2006, 100 patients underwent myringoplasty, 50 were endoscope assisted and 50 were microscope assisted. Results of surgery were compared at the end of six months post operation. Results  In the endopscope group 82% of patients had a successful outcome and in the microscope group 86% of patients had a successful outcome. Conclusion  In myringoplasty surgery the endoscope has several advantages and a few disadvantages. The surgical outcome of endoscope assisted myringoplasty was comparable to the conventional microscope assisted myringoplasty, but in terms of cosmesis and post operative recovery patients in the endoscope group had better results.     

Neuro-otologic surgery through minimally invasive retrosigmoid approach: endoscope assisted microvascular decompression, vestibular neurotomy, and tumor removal

Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe and evaluate the efficacy of the endoscope assisted minimally invasive retrosigmoid approach. Study Design: Retrospective study and literature review. Methods: From December 1993 to December 2004, a total of 1,177 cases of endoscope assisted minimally invasive retrosigmoid approach were performed at the Otorhinolaryngology unit of Hopital Nord in Marseille. By using this approach, we performed microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia, vestibular neurotomy for refractory Ménière's disease with repeated attacks of dizziness, and tumor removal of acoustic neurinoma. We examined the results and postoperative complications. Results: All the results were positive, and we did not experience any mortal complications. The most common complication was cerebrospinal fluid leakage, encountered in 42 (3.6%) cases. Conclusions: We believe that the combination of an endoscope and microscope that provides accurate information with low invasion is becoming indispensable for these types of operations, which are in the category of functional surgery. We report the merits and significance of the approach of combining the endoscope and microscope and discuss the operational technique to perform a minimally invasive surgery as an oto‐neurosurgeon.     

颈腮入路及其拓展术式在咽旁隙肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨颈腮入路及其拓展术式在咽旁隙肿瘤手术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2009年1月~2018年4月行经颈腮入路手术治疗的29例咽旁颅底肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中2例颈腮入路切除颅底咽旁隙复发肿瘤,1例颈腮入路下颌骨升支离断再复位切除侵犯颅底咽旁隙巨大复发性多形性腺瘤,2例颈腮入路下颌骨升支后缘部分切除暴露咽旁隙切除侵犯颅底的多形性腺瘤,22例颈腮入路将下颌骨前上牵拉暴露颅底咽旁隙并切除该部位肿瘤,2例颈腮入路结合内镜辅助切除颅底咽旁隙复发神经来源肿瘤。结果本组29例患者皆成功手术,其中恶性肿瘤2例,良性肿瘤27例;27例良性肿瘤中,多形性腺瘤25例,复发神经来源肿瘤2例。25例多形性腺瘤病例中3例为复发多形性腺瘤;本组病例均无出血、张口受限等不良并发症。复发良性肿瘤病例中2例行术后预防气管切开,术后1个月皆拔除气管套管。2例颅底咽旁隙复发恶性肿瘤中手术后最短存活时间为1年7个月,最长3年。结论颈腮入路不仅适应于大部分咽旁隙肿瘤的切除,而且可以根据肿瘤的性质和累及颅底的范围进行适当拓展,以实现有效切除肿瘤和保证重要解剖结构的安全。     

Endoscope‐assisted resection of intravestibular Schwannoma: A video case report

Intravestibular schwannomas are a rare cause of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Management of these tumors involves translabyrinthine resection, for which complete visualization around the angles of the vestibule may be limited under an operating microscope. We present the first reported case of an endoscope‐assisted resection of an intravestibular schwannoma, along with the operative video recording. Using additional information gained from endoscopic examination of the tumor and its resection site, we also propose a mechanism by which this patient's intravestibular schwannoma caused hearing loss. Use of the endoscope in resection of intravestibular schwannomas may have advantages over the traditional operating microscope in improving visualization of the narrow and angled vestibule, confirming the integrity of surrounding structures, and ensuring complete tumor removal. Laryngoscope, 129:986–988, 2019     

鼻内镜下微波治疗顽固性鼻出血

目的 探讨鼻内镜下微波治疗顽固性鼻出血的应用价值及适应证。方法 回顾分析45例顽固性鼻出血患者鼻内镜下微波治疗的临床资料。结果 随访6个月～2年，治愈39例，有效4例，无效2例，总有效率95．6％。结论 鼻内镜下微波治疗顽固性鼻出血方法简单、有效，患者痛苦力，无并发症，值得临床推广。