AAV9衣壳蛋白VP的原核表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

目的：表达腺相关病毒（AAV）9型衣壳蛋白VP,制备抗VP蛋白的多克隆抗体。方法：使用PCR技术从AAV9病毒包装质粒中扩增AAV9衣壳蛋白VP,同源重组法构建衣壳蛋白表达质粒pET30a-AAV9-VP。质粒转化表达菌E.coli BL21(DE3)后,IPTG诱导目的蛋白VP表达,亲和层析法纯化VP蛋白,将纯化后的蛋白免疫日本大耳白兔,3次免疫后获得针对VP蛋白的兔多克隆抗体。以Western blot和细胞免疫荧光法检测抗体的应用,ELISA检测所得抗体的效价。结果：成功构建pET30a-AAV9-VP表达质粒,在大肠杆菌BL21中,IPTG可诱导VP蛋白表达。亲和层析法纯化获得高纯度的VP蛋白。该蛋白在日本大耳兔体内能够诱导产生多克隆抗体,ELISA检测抗血清效价达到1∶512 000。结论：成功原核表达和纯化AAV9衣壳蛋白VP并制备了兔多克隆抗体。制备的抗AAV9 VP抗体能够特异性识别和结合AAV衣壳蛋白,并可有效用于Western blot和细胞免疫荧光分析,为后续深入研究AAV9在基因治疗中的作用及AAV9载体开发提供了研究基础。     

口蹄疫病毒受体猪源整联蛋白β6亚基配体结合域多克隆抗体的制备和特性分析

目的:表达口蹄疫病毒受体猪源整联蛋白β6亚基配体结合域β6LBD, 并制备兔抗β6LBD多克隆抗体.方法:利用PCR方法扩增整联蛋白β6LBD基因片段, 经BamHⅠ和XhoⅠ进行双酶切后连入pGEX-4T-1原核表达载体, 构建的 pGEX-4T-1-β6LBD重组表达质粒, 转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株, 经IPTG诱导表达, SDS-PAGE鉴定融合蛋白的表达并提取包涵体, 纯化目的蛋白.然后用纯化的蛋白免疫新西兰大耳白兔制备其多克隆抗体, 以ELISA方法测定抗体效价, 并以Western blot鉴定其特异性.结果:SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示pGEX-4T-1-β6LBD诱导后表达一Mr约为42 000的GST-β6LBD融合蛋白, 与预期结果相符.目的蛋白纯化后, 在电泳图片上显示较为清晰的单一条带, 用纯化GST-β6LBD免疫新西兰大耳白兔制备的多克隆抗体效价达1∶12 800以上, 具有较高的特异性.结论:制备了具有高亲和性和特异性的抗猪源整联蛋白β6LBD多克隆抗体, 为深入研究整联蛋白β6在口蹄疫病毒感染过程中的作用了奠定基础.     

含1型血小板结合蛋白基序的去整合素样金属蛋白酶2(ADAMTS2)多克隆抗体的制备

目的原核表达并纯化小鼠源性含1型血小板结合蛋白基序的去整合素样金属蛋白酶2(ADAMTS2)蛋白的C段(1109-1213),制备兔抗ADAMTS2多克隆抗体。方法以重组质粒p GEX-6p-1-ADAMTS2(1109-1213)转化大肠杆菌,异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导目的蛋白表达,通过亲和纯化,并且经质谱鉴定;以表达的目的蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,制备抗ADAMTS2的多克隆抗体。ELISA检测抗体效价,Western blot法鉴定抗体特异性。结果在大肠杆菌中表达出目的蛋白ADAMTS2,纯化后经质谱鉴定并免疫新西兰大白兔,成功获得抗血清。血清效价达到1∶160 000以上,且具有良好的特异性。结论成功制备出效价高、特异性好的兔抗ADAMTS2抗体。     

小鼠SKA1蛋白的多克隆抗体制备、鉴定与初步应用

目的:制备兔抗鼠SKA1(Spindle and Kinetochore Associated 1)多克隆抗体.方法:利用PCR的方法得到小鼠SKA1基因并克隆至pGEX-2T 原核表达载体中,转化入大肠杆菌BL21表达,经IPTG 诱导表达GST-SKA1融合蛋白,经亲和层析纯化浓缩后免疫新西兰大耳白兔制备多克隆抗体,通过ELISA测定抗鼠SKA1多克隆抗体效价,用Western blot测定其特异性.结果:构建了pGEX-2T-SKA1原核表达重组质粒,并诱导表达出GST-SKA1融合蛋白,免疫新西兰大耳白兔5周后获得多克隆抗体.ELISA测定表明SKA1多克隆抗体效价为1:25 600,Western blot分析表明SKA1多克隆抗体具有良好的特异性.通过免疫组织化学方法发现,SKA1表达于高分化前列腺癌细胞中.结论:成功地制备了效价及特异性良好的兔抗鼠SKA1多克隆抗体,为SKA1基因功能的研究奠定基础.     

11型HPV E7蛋白的表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的构建人11型乳头瘤病毒(HPV 11)E7蛋白的原核表达载体,表达纯化后制备抗HPV11E7蛋白的多克隆抗体。方法构建pGEX-4T2-HPV11E7原核表达载体,异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导大肠杆菌表达可溶性融合蛋白GST-HPV11E7,纯化获取11型HPVE7蛋白。将HPV11E7蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔获得抗HPV11E7的多克隆抗体,用蛋白G琼脂糖纯化获得IgG型多克隆抗体。Western blot法及免疫荧光染色检测该抗体的效价及特异性。结果 SDS-PAGE结果显示,经IPTG诱导6 h后可表达出高水平可溶性GST-HPV11E7融合蛋白。纯化后免疫新西兰大白兔获得抗HPV11E7的血清,纯化获得了IgG型多克隆抗体。Western blot及免疫荧光染色结果显示,兔抗HPV11E7 IgG具有效价高和特异性强的特点。结论成功表达了HPV11E7蛋白并制备了效价较高、特异性较好的IgG型兔抗HPV11E7蛋白多克隆抗体。     

人高致病性H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白多克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的 制备高灵敏度和高特异性的人高致病性H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白抗体并对其效价进行初步评估.方法 构建含有H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1序列的pET-28a(+)重组载体的大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3),诱导表达NS1蛋白,并经Ni-NTA色谱柱亲和层析纯化获得NS1重组蛋白,并进行SDS-PAGE和Western Blot鉴定.以纯化的蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰大白兔,获得兔抗NS1血清,亲和纯化获得多克隆抗体.应用ELISA和Western Blot检测纯化抗体的效价和特异性.结果 NS1融合蛋白得到高表达,且纯度＞90％,用该融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔后得到的抗NS1多克隆抗体,效价达1∶80 000,并特异性识别H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1蛋白.结论 获得了NS1多克隆抗体,具有较好的效价和特异性.     

兔抗重组人钙网蛋白抗体的制备及其特性鉴定

目的:制备兔抗人钙网蛋白抗体并进行特性鉴定。方法:用PCR法扩增人钙网蛋白(CRT)基因,并克隆至pET32a表达载体中。以重组质粒pET32a/hCRT转化大肠杆菌BL-21(DE3),用IPTG诱导重组蛋白的表达,通过Ni2+-NTA琼脂糖凝胶柱亲和层析纯化目的蛋白。以纯化的hCRT为免疫原免疫新西兰大白兔制备抗体,用ELISA法、Westernblot和免疫组化染色法检测抗体的效价和特异性。结果:成功地表达并纯化hCRT重组蛋白。以纯化的重组hCRT免疫新西兰大白兔制备的抗体,ELISA检测其效价为1∶51 200,Western blot分析显示,该抗体能与hCRT特异性结合。免疫组化染色法检测结果表明,该抗体能识别天然的hCRT。结论:以重组hCRT为免疫原,成功地制备效价高、特异性好的兔抗hCRT抗体,为进一步进行钙网蛋白的检测及其临床应用研究奠定了基础。     

肠道病毒71 VP1基因的原核表达及其抗血清的制备

目的克隆并表达重组肠道病毒71(EV71)VP1基因,进行抗血清的制备并检测抗血清效价。方法利用原核表达系统将PCR获得的VP1片段构建成原核表达载体pET32a(+)-VP1,诱导其表达VP1融合蛋白并利用包涵体纯化方法进行重组蛋白的纯化,将纯化的重组蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备VP1抗血清,ELISA检测抗体效价。同时构建真核表达载体,利用其在真核细胞中的瞬时表达检测抗血清的特异性。结果通过克隆获得VP1原核表达载体,IPTG诱导VP1蛋白表达并纯化,SDS-PAGE结果显示重组蛋白表达且纯化浓度较高,将重组蛋白乳化后免疫新西兰兔3次,取血检测抗血清的效价,ELISA结果显示抗体效价为1∶64 000,利用所构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-VP1表达VP1对抗血清进行检测,Western blot结果表明抗血清可较好的与VP1特异性结合。结论制备具有免疫原性的VP1蛋白及其效价较高的抗血清,为进一步研究抗EV71诊断方法、血清学诊断试剂盒及抗病毒疫苗的研制奠定基础。     

柯萨奇病毒B 组5 型VP1 蛋白的外源表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:原核表达柯萨奇病毒B组5型的VP1蛋白,并制备其多克隆抗体及检测。方法:提取在Vero细胞中柯萨奇病毒B组5型的RNA,通过逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)扩增获取VP1基因序列,构建原核表达载体,大量诱导表达重组VP1蛋白。用His Trap HP亲和层析柱纯化重组蛋白,以纯化的目的蛋白为抗原,免疫雄性SD大鼠获得VP1蛋白多克隆抗体血清,ELISA测定该抗体的效价,微量中和实验测定抗体的中和活性,Western blot检测抗体的特异性,免疫组化检测抗体对组织中抗原的识别。结果:成功构建了VP1-pET-28a重组载体,并且在BL21细胞中成功诱导表达,亲和层析柱纯化后蛋白纯度大于90%。ELISA测得抗体的效价为1∶128 000,微量中和实验显示抗体没有中和活性,Western blot分析显示抗体能与CVA16和EV71交叉反应,免疫组化实验表明抗体能够识别组织中的CVB5抗原。结论:本研究成功制备了CVB5 VP1蛋白的高效价的多克隆抗体,为CVB5病毒疫苗和病毒诊断的研发提供了有效的工具。     

肿瘤睾丸抗原OY-TES-1氨基端截短蛋白及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的获得原核表达的OY-TES-1氨基端截短蛋白(OY-TES-1-N),并制备其多克隆抗体。方法扩增编码OY-TES-1-N 268个氨基酸(A6-R273)的cDNA序列;将PCR产物插入原核表达载体pMAL-C2,构建重组质粒,并转化DH5α菌;通过蓝白斑筛选、DNA测序筛出阳性菌;在优化条件下用IPTG对阳性菌进行诱导表达MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白;上Amyloseresin亲和层析柱纯化,行Western blot鉴定。以融合蛋白作为抗原免疫新西兰白兔制备抗血清,经活化琼脂糖微球纯化后,采用ELISA法及Western blot法分别检测抗血清的效价和多克隆抗体的特异性。结果成功诱导表达出MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白。以该蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备抗血清,抗体效价为1∶1 000,Western blot检测证实该抗体能与目的蛋白发生特异性结合。结论成功地表达并纯化了MBP/OY-TES-1-N融合蛋白,并制备了特异性多克隆抗体。     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

纳米水平分子成像与诊疗一体化研究进展与挑战

分子成像能以非侵入性的方式重现活体细胞的生理功能和生物学过程,提高疾病的早期和特异性诊断水平。纳米颗粒/材料具有物理性质可控性高、易于表面修饰、血液循环时间长和可功能化等优点,在疾病诊断与治疗中显示出巨大潜力。但如何阐明纳米材料多功能间的内在联系、解决其代谢及安全性等关键机制难题、实现纳米颗粒/材料多功能性到临床多功能...