AAALAC执行主席来京讲学

对4－12月龄巴马小型猪（♂20,♀30）的24项血液生理指标进行测定和分析。结果表明,巴马小型猪血液生理指标性别差异不显著;但多数项目不同月龄间差异极显著（P＞0.01）或显著（P＜0.05）,并有近半数项目随月龄的增长呈减少或增加的趋势,其余多无明显的变化规律。多数项目和普通猪相近似;血液生理指标中有14个项目和人类相近似,说明巴马小型猪和人类的生理特性有一定的相似性。     

四个品种小型猪血液学指标测定及比较

目的 分析比较四个品种小型猪的血液学生物学特性.方法 分别选取上海地区饲养的巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪和版纳小型猪及陆川小型猪,每个品种雌雄各20头,3～6月龄,测量其血液生理、血清生化与血凝指标,然后进行单因素方差分析,并进行数据比较.结果 四个品种的小型猪血液生理14个指标差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),血清生化12个指标组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),血凝4个指标差异都有统计学意义(P＜0.05).分别对各品种群体数据进行比较分析,巴马小型猪群体雌雄间血液常规、血清生化和血凝指标差异显著(P＜0.05)的指标分别有6项、4项和3项,而贵州小型猪、版纳小型猪和陆川小型猪雌雄间差异指标较少或差异不显著.四品种小型猪相同性别间比较,也有较多指标差异显著.结论 测定和比较的巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪、版纳小型猪和陆川小型猪在血液学、血清生化和血凝等方面数据,为应用和选择小型猪开展相关生物医学和药物研究提供了基础数据.     

广州地区三种小型猪血液生理生化指标的比较

目的 比较广州地区西藏小型猪、五指山小型猪和巴马小型猪血液生理生化指标的差异.方法 全自动血液细胞和生化分析仪测定24个血液生理生化指标.结果 24个指标中,血红蛋白、白细胞、单核细胞、血细胞比容、葡萄糖指标的测定差异显著;淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、平均红细胞容积、平均红细胞血红蛋白、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐指标的测定差异极显著.其中血红蛋白、血细胞比容、平均红细胞容积、平均红细胞血红蛋白、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐指标以西藏小型猪最高,白细胞、淋巴细胞指标以五指山小型猪最高,而中性粒细胞、单核细胞、葡萄糖指标以巴马小型猪最高.结论 三种小型猪血液生理生化指标的比较,为建立小型猪生物学特性数据库提供了理论依据.     

体细胞克隆巴马小型猪部分生理生化指标的初步测定

目的探讨体细胞克隆巴马小型猪的生理生化指标特性。方法采用全自动血球计数仪和全自动生化仪,对体细胞克隆巴马小型猪血液的部分生理和生化指标进行测定和分析。结果体细胞克隆巴马小型猪生理生化指标和同期普通巴马小型猪没有显著差异,与人类大部分指标接近。结论体细胞克隆巴马小型猪和人类的生理生化特性有一定的相似性。     

西藏小型猪与高原藏猪的血液生理生化值的比较

目的 比较西藏小型猪与高原藏猪的血液生理、生化指标的差异.方法 采用全自动血液细胞和生化分析仪测定21个血液生理生化指标.结果 藏猪与西藏小型猪之间,红细胞、白细胞、血小板计数、总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯指标的测定差异有显著性,谷草转氨酶、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、葡萄糖、肌酸激酶指标的测定差异极显著.其中红细胞、白细胞、谷草转氨酶、肌酸激酶的值藏猪高于西藏小型猪,而血小板计数、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯的值藏猪低于西藏小型猪.结论 不同的生活环境、气候条件和营养水平会对动物的血液生理、生化值的测定造成一定的影响.     

<中国实验动物学报>稿约

目的 对2～12月龄封闭群五指山小型猪的部分血液生理和生化指标进行测定和分析.方法 常规方法测定五指山小型猪血液的19项生理和12项生化指标,统计分析各指标间的性别差异.并与近交系五指山小型猪以及其他小型猪的同类指标进行对比分析.结果 封闭群五指山小型猪绝大多数血液生理、生化指标性别间差异不显著,仅生理指标中的粒细胞分类计数和生化指标中的总胆固醇差异显著.同近交系五指山小型猪同类指标比较,生理指标中血红蛋白和血小板相关指标存在差异,生化指标中有6项差异显著.同其他种类小型猪同类指标差异较与近交系五指山小型猪间差异明显.结论 封闭群五指山小型猪血液生理、生化指标稳定,许多生理生化指标接近人类,可能逐步替代犬、猴用于药物非临床安全评价和生物医学研究.     

不同性别、年龄Wistar大鼠常规血液生化值测定

目的研究性别和年龄因素对SPF级近交系Wistar大鼠血液生化值的影响。方法用ECHO全自动血液生化分析仪测定SPF级近交系Wistar大鼠血液生化值。结果各周龄大鼠雌雄间各项血液生化指标比较结果：幼龄期3周龄动物的总胆固醇(TC)雌雄间差异显著(P＜0．05)；生长期6周龄动物白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白TP雌雄间差异极其显著(P＜0．01)；生长期6周龄大鼠的天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、甘油三脂(TG)、TC等指标雌雄间有显著差异(P＜0．05)。成年期13周龄动物丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、ALB、甘油三脂(TG)指标雌雄间差异极其显著(P＜0．01)；老年期52周龄大鼠的尿素氮(BUN)、TP、TG、ALT等指标雌雄间差异极其显著(P＜0．01)；老年期(52周龄)大鼠的AST雌雄间有显著差异(P＜0．05)。同性别各周龄大鼠的一些血液生化指标也存在明显差异。结论年龄、性别因素对SPF级近交系Wistar大鼠的血液生化值有极其显著的影响。     

长白仔猪血常规及生化指标正常值探讨

目的探讨2-3月龄长白仔猪的血常规及生化指标的正常值，为长白仔猪用于实验研究提供实验依据。方法采用实验室评价方法对40头长白仔猪的主要血常规和生化指标进行检测，并与巴马小型猪的参考值进行对比。结果长白仔猪的血常规及生化指标无性别差异（P〉0．05），长白仔猪的WBC、ALT、Ca^2＋的平均值与巴马小型猪相似，两者之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05），其RBC、HGB、HCT、PLT、TP、Alb、BUN、AMY的平均值均低于巴马小型猪的相应值，而AST、TBIL、DBIL、Crea、CK-MB明显高于巴马小型猪，具有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论长白仔猪有其独特的生理生化特性。     

融水小型猪F1代的血常规、血生化与电解质指标

目的 测定融水小型猪（Rongshui miniature pig,RMP）F1代血常规、血生化与电解质指标。方法 选取4月龄F1代RMP 85头,雌性43头、雄性42头;12月龄36头,雌雄各半。颈静脉采血,分析血常规、血生化与电解质等22项指标。结果 融水小型猪相同月龄时,两性别的血常规指标、血生化和电解质的大部分指标差异不大,但同性别在不同月龄之间的部分指标差异明显。12月龄比4月龄融水小型猪,血常规指标中的白细胞数、血小板数下降,血红蛋白含量升高（P< 0. 05）,而红细胞数变化不大（P> 0. 05）;血清ALT、AST、ALP、CK(雄性)、LDH（雄性）A/G、BUN、GLU(雌性)、CHOL（雄性）和K+下降（P< 0.05）;血清总蛋白、TBIL、CR、Ca2+升高（P< 0.05）,而血清CHOL（雌性）、TG,HDL-C,LDL-C变化不大。有19项生化、电解质指标在或接近人类正常值范围,占86.4％（19／22）。结论 融水小型猪的部分血常规、大部分血生化与电解质指标与人类正常值接近。     

三品种实验用小型猪繁殖性能测定

目的 选取饲养于上海地区的巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪和版纳小型猪,分别测定三品种母猪和公猪的繁殖性能.方法 采用场内结合实验室测定的方法,分别测定初情年龄、初配年龄等母猪繁殖性能指标及性行为年龄、初配年龄等公猪繁殖性能指标.结果 用单因素方差分析比较.结果对比巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪和版纳小型猪的母猪繁殖性能10个指标,贵州小型猪和版纳小型猪的初生窝重和断奶成活率存在显著差异(P＜0.05).分析三品种的公猪繁殖性能,群体间性行为年龄存在显著差异(P＜0.05);三品种初配年龄比较接近;比较初配年龄和初配体质量,表明三品种的小型猪在相同初配年龄时,巴马小型猪个体偏小,版纳小型猪的体质量最大.结论 系统测定了雌性和雄性巴马小型猪、贵州小型猪和版纳小型猪的繁殖性能,为实验用小型猪提供了遗传育种工作的基础,也为小型猪实验动物化提供了背景数据.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.