经导管射频消融治疗老年阵发性心房颤动临床分析

目的评价射频消融治疗老年阵发性房颤患者的有效性和安全性。方法连续入选接受首次房颤射频消融术治疗的药物难治性阵发性房颤患者85例,按年龄大小分为老年人房颤组（≥60岁,45例）和非老年人房颤组（〈60岁,40例）,所有患者接受环肺静脉隔离术治疗。观察患者房颤的复发情况。结果通过（37.2±3.2）月的随访,85例患者中,共23例（27.1%）出现房颤复发,其中≥60岁与〈60岁年龄组在复发率上无显著性差异（12/45 vs 11/40,P=0.931）。85例患者中无1例出现消融相关严重并发症。结论经导管射频消融是治疗老年阵发性房颤的有效手段,其有效性及安全性与非老年人群并无临床差异。     

老年心房颤动应用导管射频消融治疗进展

心房颤动（房颤）是临床上常见的快速心律失常,有较高的致残率和致死率.随着年龄的增长,心房颤动的发病率呈显著上升趋势,据临床统计,＞60岁的老年人群房颤的发病率＞1％,＞70岁人群发病率＞5％,＞80岁时可增加到10％[1].对于老年人,心房颤动多发生在自身患有心血管疾病的基础上（高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭及瓣膜病等）,并且具有持续时间长、并发症较多、生活质量差的特点.     

导管射频消融治疗老年心房颤动单中心经验

目的 总结单中心导管射频消融治疗老年心房颤动(房颤)患者的经验.方法 入选2018年1月～2019年9月于本中心导管射频消融治疗老年房颤患者122例,完善相关检查.术中针对不同心律失常采取对应消融策略.结果 122例患者合并疾病(2.4±1.1)种,N末端B型钠尿肽前体(821±235)μg/L,左心房前后径(40.2...     

经导管射频消融治疗阵发性心房颤动的疗效和安全性

目的 探讨经导管射频消融治疗阵发性心房颤动(简称房颤)的有效性与安全性.方法 42例阵发性房颤患者采用节段性消融肺静脉电隔离术或三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电隔离术两种不同方法进行经导管射频消融治疗,术后进行随访,观察其疗效和安全性.结果 42例患者中,25例(59.52%)经导管消融成功.4例(9.52%)有效,13例(30.95%)无效,4例(9.52%)出现并发症,无死亡病例.节段性消融肺静脉电隔离术平均手术时间为(235.50±38.01)min,X曝光时间为(74.35±12.73)min;三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电隔离平均手术时间为(163.18±24.76)min,X曝光时间为(36.90±8.06)min.结论 经导管射频消融治疗阵发性房颤对大部分患者是有效的,三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电隔离术的手术时间和X曝光时间短于节段性消融肺静脉电隔离术.     

经导管射频消融治疗乙灶性心房颤动

报道１９例局灶性心房颤动（简称房颤）射频消融治疗的结果,其中药物治疗无效且发作频繁（〉１次／日）的阵发性房颤１７例、慢性房颤２例。１７例患者尚同时合并有频发房性早搏（简称房早）（动态心电图显示〉７００个／日）。同步记录高位右房、冠状静脉窦及左、右上肺静脉电图。根据房早或房颤开始发作时的心房激动顺序确定异位兴奋灶部位,以局部双极科较体表心电图Ｐ波起点最提前处为消融靶点。成功标准为消融后６０ｍｉｎ内房     

导管射频消融治疗心房颤动

心房颤动发生与维持机制研究的深入使导管射频消融治疗房颤逐步进入临床。为提高导管消融治疗的成功率 ,仍有许多问题亟待解决。作者就此作一综述。     

导管射频消融治疗持续性心房颤动的体会

目的研究持续性心房颤动(房颤)导管射频消融最佳手术方式及复发心律失常的处理策略。方法2005年3月~2007年8月共40例持续性房颤患者接受导管射频消融治疗,三维电解剖标测系统指导下行环同侧肺静脉左心房线性消融;2005年的12例患者部分附加左心房峡部、右心房峡部、左心房顶部线性消融;2006年的12例患者常规进行左心房峡部、右心房峡部射频消融,部分患者附加碎裂电位、左心耳或根据术中的房性心律失常附加其他部位射频消融;2007年的16例患者则在上述基础上进行冠状窦左心房心内膜面射频消融。结果2005年复发8例(66.7%),2006年复发3例(25.0%),2007年复发4例(25.0%)。复发的患者中8例接受第二次导管射频消融术,其中5例维持窦性心律。平均随访(17.6±10.4)个月,总治疗成功率82.5%。结论持续性房颤患者在以肺静脉口为核心的导管射频消融前提下,适当改进导管射频消融策略,可以显著提高成功率。     

心房颤动导管消融治疗评价

心房颤动(房颤)是临床上最常见的需要治疗的心律失常之一.长期以来,房颤的药物治疗效果不甚理想.……     

心房颤动的射频消融治疗进展

心房颤动（AF）是临床最常见的心律失常之一。Fram—ingham的研究报告提示,房颤的人群发病率为0．5％左右,且随年龄增长其发病率增高。60岁以上的人群中,其发病率可高达6％以上。该病严重危害人类健康,轻者影响生活质量,重者可致残、致死。因此,加大对AF防治的研究,具有重要临床意义。在AF相关因素中,老年、高血压病、冠心病、心力衰竭、风湿性瓣膜病是最常见病因。     

经导管射频消融治疗老年阵发性心房颤动的有效性和安全性

目的 研究老年阵发性心房颤动（房颤）患者接受经导管射频消融的有效性与安全性.方法 71例阵发性房颤患者根据年龄分为中青年组（＜65岁）和老年组（≥65岁）.应用环肺静脉线性消融电隔离术根治房颤.随访时间为6～36个月.比较两组射频消融治疗房颤的手术成功率、手术时间、并发症等指标.结果 老年组首次手术成功率为88.89%,中青年组为77.78%,两组间无统计学差异（P=0.343）.老年组与中青年组手术时间分别为（197.4±2.63） min及（200.3±2.65） min,两组间无统计学差异（P＞0.343）.曝光时间老年组长于中青年组（P＜0.01）.两组各发生1例穿刺部位血肿并发症,均未出现心包填塞、肺静脉狭窄及左房食管瘘等严重并发症.结论 与中青年相比,老年阵发性房颤患者接受经导管环肺静脉线性消融同样安全、有效.     

导管射频消融治疗高龄心房颤动患者的临床评价

目的评价高龄心房颤动(AF)患者接受导管射频消融治疗的有效性和安全性。方法纳入2008年1月至2014年8月在大连医科大学附属第一医院行房颤射频消融(RA)的877例患者,按年龄分为老年组(≥75岁)68例、年轻老年组(65～74岁)320例及对照组(65岁)489例。记录3组患者的临床资料,分析对比3组患者术中并发症、手术时间、X线曝光时间,比较术后血栓栓塞率、再住院率、二次手术率、术后抗心律失常药物服用率以及术后缓慢心室率比例。消融成功的定义:术后心电图或动态心电图未再出现持续时间超过30 s的房颤。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件,根据数据类型分别采用x~2检验、方差分析或LSD检验进行分析。应用Kaplan-Meier分析分别比较持续性AF和阵发性AF不同年龄患者的导管消融成功率。结果消融过程及安全性评价:3组患者术中并发症(5.9%vs 3.1%vs 2.9%)、手术时间[(196.65±34.45)vs(196.03±40.02)vs(194.36±37.89)min]、X射线曝光时间[(19.81±6.73)vs(19.44±6.45)vs(18.69±6.00)min],差异均无统计学意义。疗效评价:3组患者随访(21.45±6.31)个月,其术后血栓栓塞率(4.4%vs 3.4%vs 2.5%)、再住院率(23.5%vs 22.2%vs18.0%)及二次手术率(11.8%vs 12.8%vs 12.3%),差异无统计学意义。但是,老年组患者在术后长期使用抗心律失常药物的比例相对较低(13.2%vs 29.4%vs 20.0%,P=0.001),术后动态心电图出现缓慢心室率的比例较高(23.5%vs 15.6%vs12.3%,P=0.033)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示持续性AF和阵发性AF不同年龄患者的导管消融成功率差异无统计学意义。结论老年心房颤动患者的导管消融成功率和安全性与年轻患者相似。     

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation initiated by pulmonary vein ectopic beats

Ectopic beats from the pulmonary veins (PVs) have been demonstrated to initiate atrial fibrillation (AF). This article describes the conceptual approach to mapping, interpretation of different electrograms, and ablation of AF initiated by PV ectopic beats.     

经导管射频消融治疗肥厚性心肌病合并心房颤动的初步经验

目的报道经导管射频消融治疗肥厚性心肌病（HCM）伴心房颤动（房颤）,并对其可行性、安全性、有效性进行评价。方法回顾性分析2006年8月至2008年10月期间因HCM伴房颤且药物治疗效果较差至南京医科大学第一附属医院行经导管射频消融治疗的患者临床资料。患者均接受三维标测系统（Carto或EnSite—NavX）导航下环肺静脉消融术达到同侧肺静脉隔离,对持续性房颤再行左心房碎裂电位消融以及线性消融。消融术后3个月内继续服用抗心律失常药物,并于消融术后1、3、6个月行动态心电图检查,出现症状后立即行常规心电图,随访治疗效果。结果共11例HCM患者行射频消融术,年龄（52±17）岁,女性2例。其中6例为阵发性房颤,5例为持续性房颤。经导管射频消融后4周有1例因急性左心功能不良死亡,其余10例有4例复发,其中2例再次接受消融术。随访（14±10）个月,共有7例维持窦性心律,总成功率64％,未发生消融术相关的严重并发症。维持窦性心律者左心房内径及射血分数变化差异无统计学意义[（46±4）mmVS（46±4）mm,0．64±0．05VS0．66±0．04,P〉0．05],心功能改善（2．0±0．7VS1．2±0．4,P〈0．05,NYHA分级）。结论本文结果提示射频消融治疗HCM伴房颤安全且有效,术后维持窦性心律者心功能得到显著改善。     

射频消融治疗局灶性心房颤动初步结果

目的　评价射频消融治疗由房性早搏 (房早 )诱发的局灶性心房颤动 (房颤 )的安全性和可靠性 ,并探讨有关射频消融治疗中一些方法学问题。　方法　 1例 44岁女性患者 ,阵发房颤 4年余 ,心电图证实房颤由房早诱发 ,药物治疗无效 ,行射频消融治疗。放置常规电生理检查导管和 Halo导管 ,穿刺房间隔 ,大头导管经房间隔在左房内肺静脉进行标测 ,在左上肺静脉内标测到诱发房颤的房早时最早心房激动 ,放电消融 3次 ,房早、房颤消失。结果　随访两周后有房早和短阵房颤发生 3次 ,术后两周至 6个月未服用药物 ,无房颤发生。结论　射频消融可能成为治疗局灶性房颤一种安全有效的方法。     

Approach and strategy for repeat catheter ablation of recurrent atrial fibrillation

Patients with atrial fibrillation often undergo repeat catheter ablation for the recurrence of tachyarrhythmia. If the pulmonary veins were isolated in prior procedure, the operator should focus on substrate homogenization with identification and ablation of only arrhythmogenic areas.     

Clinical outcome of very late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

INTRODUCTION: High recurrence rate is still a major problem associated with ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Most of the recurrences occur within 6 months after ablation. The characteristics of very late recurrent AF (>12 months after ablation) have not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred seven patients with drug-refractory AF underwent successful focal ablation or isolation of AF foci. After the first ablation procedure, Holter monitoring and event recorders were used to evaluate symptomatic recurrent AF. A second ablation procedure was recommended if the antiarrhythmic drugs could not control recurrent AF. During long-term follow-up (mean 30 +/- 11 months, up to 51 months), 70 patients had recurrent AF, including 13 patients (6%) with very late (>12 months) recurrent AF (group 1) and 57 patients (28%) with late (within 12 months after ablation) recurrent AF (group 2). Group 1 patients had a significantly lower incidence of multiple (> or = 2) AF foci (23% vs 63%, P = 0.02) than group 2 patients. In addition, the incidence of antiarrhythmic drugs use (38% vs 84%, P = 0.001) to maintain sinus rhythm after the first episode of recurrent AF was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 patients, and the incidence of a second intervention procedure (8% vs 35%, P = 0.051) tended to be lower in group 1 than group 2 patients. CONCLUSION: The incidence of very late recurrent AF after ablation of paroxysmal AF is very low, and the clinical outcome of patients with very late recurrent AF is benign.     

Complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: incidence and predictors

Introduction: Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation by catheter ablation is an increasingly used strategy to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Complication rates from AF ablation reported in different case series vary widely. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 641 consecutive ablation procedures to assess complication rates, temporal trends, and clinical predictors of adverse outcomes.
Methods: All patients (n = 517) undergoing catheter ablation for AF at Johns Hopkins Hospital between February, 2001 and June, 2007 were prospectively enrolled in a database. Data from 641 consecutive procedures were analyzed and complications considered if they occurred within 30 days of ablation. Major complications were defined as those that required intervention, resulted in long-term disability, or prolonged hospitalization.
Results: Thirty-two major complications occurred in 641 procedures (5%). Among the patients with major complications, seven had cerebrovascular accident (CVA), eight had tamponade, one had PV occlusion with hemoptysis, and 11 had vascular injury requiring surgical repair and/or transfusion. No periprocedural deaths occurred, and no instances of esophageal injury were seen. Complication rates were higher during the first 100 cases (9.0%) than during the subsequent 541 (4.3%). Major adverse clinical events were associated with age > 70 years (P = 0.007; odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4–9.6) and female gender (P = 0.014; odds ratio 3.0, 95% confidence interval 1.3–7.2). No other clinical or procedural predictors of complication were identified.
Conclusions: Complication rates from AF ablation remain significant, despite improved techniques and increased awareness of procedural risks. Both advanced age and female gender predict major adverse events, suggesting careful consideration of the risk/benefit profile in these patients prior to ablation.     

Demographic profile of patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

Demographic Profile of Patients Undergoing AF Ablation. Background: Catheter ablation is a widely accepted treatment for drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of our study was to examine secular trends in the demographic profile of patients undergoing AF ablation. Methods and Results: Data for 792 patients who underwent catheter ablation for AF at Johns Hopkins Hospital between years 2001 and 2009 were systematically reviewed. There has been a steady increase in total number of procedures and repeat procedures. The majority of patients undergoing AF ablation at our institution are men (76.6%). Females accounted for 36.0% of patients in 2001 versus 19.6% in 2009. A total of 93.3% of patients undergoing AF ablation were Caucasian. The mean age of patients has increased over time (52 years in 2001 to 60 years in 2009, P = 0.015) and the number of antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) used prior to first ablation has decreased (2.3 to 1.2, P = 0.009). In addition, the mean duration of AF prior to first referral has decreased (7.8 years in 2001 vs 4.2 years in 2009). Conclusion: There is a significant gender and racial disparity in patients undergoing AF ablation favoring Caucasian men that warrants further investigation. We also observed a significant increase in age of patients, decrease in number of AADs, and increase in number of repeat procedures. These results are important when interpreting outcomes of AF ablation and designing future trials. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 994‐998, September 2011)     

长程持续性房颤消融术中规整房速的处理

目的探索慢性房颤导管消融中规则房速的发生机制与处理方法。方法选择2009年1月至2013年5月在厦门心脏中心确诊并接受导管消融治疗的慢性房颤患者102例,采用递进式导管消融策略,分析慢性房颤患者在消融中发生规则房速的可能机制并进行相应处理。结果102例患者中,4例（4．9％）在肺静脉电隔离过程中转为窦律,3例（2．9％）在行碎裂电位消融时转为窦律,46例经碎裂电位消融及心房线性消融过程中转为规则房速（45．1％）,47例（46．1％）仍维持房颤。规则房速的发生机制为局灶自律性（17．6％）、折返性（77．8％）、其它（4．6％）,消融成功率为81．6％。结论慢性房颤递进式导管消融中,规则房速的发生机制多为大折返性,导管消融此类房速成功率较高。     

导管消融治疗45岁以下心房颤动患者的随访分析

目的研究不同类型的年轻心房颤动（房颤）患者（阵发性房颤、持续性房颤和持久的持续性房颤）导管消融治疗成功率和安全性。方法收集广东省心血管病研究所年龄〈45岁,诊断为房颤并接受导管消融治疗的132例患者的临床、电生理及随访资料,应用COX比例风险模型分析初次消融和重复消融后复发的预测因子。结果患者年龄（38.0±5.6）岁,男101例,女31例,既往房颤病程2.05年;阵发性房颤91例,非阵发性房颤包括持续性房颤15例和持久的持续性房颤26例。初次消融后随访24.2个月,阵发性、持续性、持久的持续性房颤成功率分别为86.8%（79例）、66.7%（10例）、57.7%（15例）,总体成功率78.8%。复发的患者有20例（71.4%）再次消融,随访14.3月,12例（75%）维持窦性心律。阵发性、持续性、持久的持续性房颤经过重复消融后窦性心律维持率分别为93.4%（85例）、86.7%（13例）、73.1%（19例）,总体成功率88.6%。COX回归分析提示,初次消融后复发的预测因子分别是非阵发性房颤（HR=3.393,P=0.004）、左心房扩大（HR=1.066,P=0.004）、高血压病史（HR=4.203,P=0.006）和甲状腺疾病史（HR=5.280,P=0.001）;重复消融后复发的预测因子则为右心房扩大（HR=1.133,P〈0.001）和甲状腺疾病（HR=6.942,P=0.003）。无影响预后的严重并发症。结论年轻的房颤患者导管消融安全性好,成功率高。早期对年轻房颤患者进行消融治疗是合理的,但应注意心房扩大及甲状腺疾病对成功率的影响。