胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗

自１９８９年６月至１９９６年６月对３０例胃大部切除术后食管癌采用经左胸切除，皇充分游离残胃脾胰体尾并将其移入左胸内行残胃食管弓下，弓上或颈部吻合，取得良好效果。术后并发症５例（１６．６％），其中吻合口瘘１例，非手术治愈，脓胸２例，心律失常频发室早，房早各１例，无手术死亡，作者认为本手术操作方便，手术时间短，除颈部吻合外通常一个切口一个吻合口即能完成手术，通过对残胃充分游离一般能上提２０－２５ｃｍ，     

胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗——一种新方法的临床应用

胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗──一种新方法的临床应用吴心愿，张祥福，官国先福建医学院附属协和医院肿瘤科（福州市３５０００１）作者对胃大部切除术后食管中段癌１例应用残胃脾胰体尾移植至左胸内行食管中段癌切除、食管残胃弓上吻合、空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－Ｙ重建消化道...     

胃大部切除术后食管癌外科治疗的临床研究

胃大部切除术后食管癌外科治疗的临床研究吴心愿张祥福殷凤峙卢辉山官国先关键词食管肿瘤／外科手术胃切除术作者单位：福建医科大学附属协和医院肿瘤科（福州３５０００１）我科１９７２～１９９６年共收治食管癌３０７例，１７例为胃大部切除术后食管癌，占同期病人的５...     

胃大部切除术后食管癌的手术治疗

目的：探讨胃切除术后食管癌（Ｅｃａ）的手术治疗方式和效果。方法：对１９８７年～１９９６年间手术治疗８１５例Ｅｃａ中４１例胃切除后Ｅｃａ的手术治疗进行分析。１例胸下段Ｅｃａ行切除并残胃食管弓下吻合术，４０例右胸入路行右半结肠代食管术合并颈、胸、腹淋巴结清除术。结果：４１例胃切除术后Ｅｃａ颈、上纵隔、中下纵隔和腹部淋巴转移率分别为３４．１％、２１．９％和１９．６％。并发症发生率４８．７％。颈部吻合口瘘发生率３４．１％，无手术死亡。全组３、５年生存率４１．６％和１５．４％。根治性手术３、５年生存率４６．６％和２２．２％。姑息手术无１例生存超过５年。３年生存率１４．３％。结论：对胃切除术后Ｅｃａ颈、上纵隔和腹部淋巴结清扫很重要。结肠代食管术为安全有效办法。右半结肠经胸骨前、后径路代食管术是胃切除后Ｅｃａ手术的最好方法之一     

外科治疗胃大部切除术后食管癌12例报告

目的：探讨胃大部切除术后食管癌的手术方式。方法：对10例单纯胃大部切除术后食管癌和2例胃大部切除 脾切除术后食管癌采用两种不同术式。结果：两种术式均取得成功，无吻合口瘘及切缘癌残留发生。结论：残胃与脾胰体尾联合移入胸腔与食管吻合治疗单纯胃大部切除术后食管癌是一种可靠、实用的手术方法；以回结肠动脉为供血管，末段回肠 右半结肠代食管术，治疗胃大部切除 脾切除术后食管癌有其临床可行性。     

胃大部切除后并发食管癌、贲门癌的外科治疗

胃大部切除术后并发食管癌、贲门癌需再次手术治疗有逐年增多的趋势[1].1990年1月～1999年12月10年间我们共收治了25例,占同期食管癌、贲门癌手术病人的1.1%(25/2 280).本文重点回顾性分析外科治疗经验.     

外科治疗胃大部切除术后食管癌12例报告

目的　探讨胃大部切除术后食管癌的手术方式。方法　对 10例单纯胃大部切除术后食管癌和 2例胃大部切除 +脾切除术后食管癌采用两种不同术式。结果　两种术式均取得成功 ,无吻合口瘘及切缘癌残留发生。结论　残胃与脾胰体尾联合移入胸腔与食管吻合治疗单纯胃大部切除术后食管癌是一种可靠、实用的手术方法 ;以回结肠动脉为供血管 ,末段回肠 +右半结肠代食管术 ,治疗胃大部切除 +脾切除术后食管癌有其临床可行性     

胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗

目的:探讨胃切除术后食管癌的外科手术治疗。方法:通过我科的39例手术,结合文献分析胃大部切除术后食管癌手术切除重建的各种术式方法及优缺点。结果:上段食管癌切除应以横结肠代食管重建为佳,中下段食管癌以残胃代食管重建最理想,也可以用空肠代食管重建。结论:胃大部切除术后食管癌是可以通过手术再根治的,食管的重建以残胃最接近生理及解剖学,术式简单,安全,易行。     

胃大部切除术后食管癌的外科治疗

目的：探讨胃切除术后食管癌的外科手术治疗。方法：通过我科的39例手术,结合文献分析胃大部切除术后食管癌手术切除重建的各种术式方法及优缺点。结果：上段食管癌切除应以横结肠代食管重建为佳,中下段食管癌以残胃代食管重建最理想,也可以用空肠代食管重建。结论：胃大部切除术后食管癌是可以通过手术再根治的,食管的重建以残胃最接近生理及解剖学,术式简单,安全,易行。     

食管癌根治量放疗后的外科治疗

目的：探讨食管癌根治量放疗后需外科治疗患者的手术适应证、手术方法及并发症防治。方法：对食管癌根治量放疗后行外科治疗95例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：全组手术切除率91.6％(87／95)，并发症发生率40．0％(38／95)．主要并发症为吻合口痿、心律失常和呼吸衰竭。手术死亡率7．4％(7／95)。随访82例，1、3、5年生存率分别为62．1％(54／87)、33．3％(23／69)、26．1％(12／46)。结论：食管癌根治量放疗后需再次治疗的患者包括狭窄、溃疡、未控和复发，外科治疗效果较好。但要严格掌握手术适应证．选择合理的术式．围手术期处理和并发症的防治非常重要。     

Surgical treatment for thoracic esophageal carcinoma in patients after gastrectomy.

The clinicopathologic factors in 50 gastrectomized and 831 nongastrectomized patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma were compared. The differences in various factors were not statistically significant except for the average duration of operation, which suggests that the association of esophageal carcinoma and previous gastrectomy is a chance finding. Thirty-four gastrectomized patients underwent abdominal lymphadenectomy and 16 did not. The postoperative survival curves for the two groups did not differ. In comparing the clinicopathologic factors between the two groups, only the tumor location differed significantly (P < .05). Nine patients (26.5%) with lesions in the mid- or lower thoracic esophagus in the gastrectomized group had positive nodes in the abdomen; the 5-year survival rate was 39.4%. Among them, 8 had gastrectomy for peptic ulcer. Abdominal lymphadenectomy is recommended for those patients with mid- or lower thoracic esophageal carcinoma who have had previous gastrectomy without lymphadenectomy.     

外科治疗43例高龄食管癌贲门癌

目的：探讨高龄食管癌贲门癌病人围手术期的处理和手术方式的选择。方法：43例肿瘤患者中,食管癌26例,根治手术23例,探查3例,贲门癌17例,根治手术13例,探查4例,对食管癌贲门癌的术前准备、营养支持及手术方式进行总结分析。结果：本组手术切除率93．0％、并发症发生率41．9％、手术死亡率4．7％,获得了较满意的治疗结果。结论：对高龄食管癌和贲门癌病人,应严格掌握适应证及正确处理围手术期并发症。     

食管贲门癌合并哮喘的外科治疗

目的　为了探讨食管癌贲门癌合并哮喘的最佳治疗方法以提高生存率及生活质量。方法　我院于 1994年 3月～ 1998年 12月共收治此类病人 15例 ,均采用左后外侧开胸 ,食管贲门癌切除 ,胃代食管 ,食管 胃吻合术并附以左肺减容术 ,食管胃颈部吻合 4例 ,弓上吻合 2例 ,弓下吻合 9例 ;减容术 15例 ,左上叶切除 7例 ,肺段切除术 5例 ,楔形切除 3例。分别在术前、术后 ,一周、四周、三月分别测试肺功能、血气、6分钟走。结果　术后出现并发症 6例 (4 0 % )其中肺部感染 1例 ,心律失常 3例 ,支气管胸膜瘘 2例 ,死亡 2例为心肺功能衰竭。术后四周测定 13例病人肺功能、6分钟走、血气等各项指标均比术前不同程度地改善 ,3个月最为明显。FEV1术前 1.15± 0 .0 6 (L) ,术后为 1.43± 0 .12 (L) ;FVC术前 2 .6 5± 0 .2 5 (L) ,术后 3 .0 6± 0 .2 0 (L) ,PaO2 术前 6 9.4± 4(mmHg) ,术后 75± 4(mmHg) ;6分钟走术前 12 0 0±10m ,术后 14 75± 15m。呼吸困难指数术后平均下降 1.5分。结论　早中期食管贲门癌合并哮喘采用一次性肿瘤切除及肺减容术。术后病人生活质量及生存率有不同程度提高 ,是一种有效的治疗方法。     

70岁以上高龄食管贲门癌的外科治疗

目的：为总结高龄食管贲门癌病人外科治疗经验，进一步降低手术死亡率，提高外科治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析３３例７０岁以上高龄食管贲门癌手术治疗资料（食管癌９例，贲门癌２４例）。结果：高龄患者术前多伴发心肺系统疾病，术后并发症发生率较高（２７．３％），以肺部感染为主；五年生存率：食管癌２５％，贲门癌２７．３％。结论：对高龄食管贲门癌的手术治疗应持积极态度，手术适应证应全面衡量患者的生理年龄及病灶情况；降低手术死亡率的关键在于做好充分的术前准备，加强术中管理和积极处理术后并发症。     

Clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients with history of gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Surgery for thoracic esophageal cancer after gastrectomy involves a complicated reconstruction procedure. A surgeon's hesitation is further increased because the clinical outcome of surgical treatment of these patients has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVES: Among 948 thoracic esophageal cancer patients who underwent curative operation, 72 (7.6%) had a history of gastrectomy. Their clinico-pathological features and survival (follow-up average 881 days) were compared with those without gastrectomy. RESULTS: Esophagectomy for patients after gastrectomy was performed via right thoracotomy (66), left thoracotomy (4), and transhiatal resection (2), and reconstruction was done using the right-side colon (57) or jejunum (15). Compared to non-gastrectomized patients, gastrectomized patients were exposed to longer operation time (523 min vs. 460 min), but no significant difference was observed in operative mortality (4.2% vs. 2.5%) or blood loss (1,189 ml vs. 990 ml). Pathological examination showed no significant difference in depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging between gastrectomized and non-gastrectomized patients, while tumors were located at lower position in the gastrectomized patients (P = 0.046). The overall and cause-specific 5-year survival rates were 56% and 65% for gastrectomized esophageal cancer patients, which were significantly better than for non-gastrectomized patients (36% and 44%, P = 0.0235 and 0.024, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed gastrectomy as a marginally independent factor for a favorable prognosis (hazard ratio 1.832, P = 0.0324). With respect to tumor recurrence, hematogenic metastasis tended to be less frequent in gastrectomized patients than in non-gastrectomized patients. In gastrectomized patients, neither disease (peptic ulcer or gastric cancer) nor reconstruction (Billroth-I, Billroth-II, and Roux-Y) for gastrectomy affected the clinicopathological findings or post-operable survival. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer patients after gastrectomy was complicated but tolerable, and should be considered as a reliable therapeutic modality because of favorable patient prognosis.     

Endoscopic treatment of esophageal cancer]

With the advance of endoscopic equipment the number of superficial cases of esophageal cancer has been increasing dramatically. It has been clarified as to which cancer can be treated as an early cancer with desirable results as in gastric cases. Endoscopic treatment for early cancer already established in gastric or colorectal cases have been applied to esophageal cases with nationwide popularity. Especially endoscopic mucosal resection, which can assure accurate pathological findings, can be the treatment of choice for endoscopic procedures for early cancer. In this paper, our methodology of endoscopic treatment of early esophageal cancer is introduced and our endoscopic approach to advanced cases which is still to be established is reported.     

Surgical aspects in the treatment of esophageal cancer.

In operation for esophageal cancer the authors distinguish amputation and rehabilitation stages. Analysis of survival rate has shown that extended esophageal resections are preferable to typical resections. The differences are significant both in locally limited cancer and cancer with lymphogenous metastases. One-stage esophagoplasty is advisable, since after Dobromyslov-Torek's operation multistage esophagoplasty could be completed only in one-third of the patients due to recurrence of the disease and their general weakness. In Lewis' and Garlock's one-stage operations it is preferable to perform an "end-to-side" anastomosis with immersion of the first line of anastomotic sutures and the adjacent esophageal part into the anterior gastric wall. Postoperative mortality for Lewis' and Garlock's operations was 14.7% and 8.3%, respectively. Combined operations are justified only when one-stage esophagoplasty is performed.     

食管癌外科治疗近期疗效的影响因素分析

目的探讨食管癌患者年龄、吻合位置与术后并发症发生率和死亡率的关系,以及新辅助化疗对食管癌手术切除率的影响。方法回顾性分析西安交通大学医学院第一医院肿瘤外科自1997年~2003年首诊收治、资料完整587例食管癌患者资料。结果不同年龄组手术切除率分别为91.2%、95.9%和97.7%(P>0.05);>70岁年龄组术后吻合口瘘发生率和术后死亡率均较其它组高(P<0.05)。胸膜顶部吻合口瘘发生率为16.67%,较其它位置吻合口瘘发生率明显高(颈部2.17%、弓上1.09%、弓后2.60%、弓下0),具有显著性差异(P=0.019)。III期食管癌患者行术前新辅助化疗组与未化疗组的手术切除率分别为96.92%和78.85%,具有显著差异(P<0.05),而术后吻合口瘘发生率和术后死亡率无明显差异(P=1.000)。结论术前新辅助化疗可提高食管癌手术的切除率并不增加术后并发症。年龄大并不完全是手术禁忌,高龄患者的手术应充分考虑患者的生理年龄。     

残胃贲门癌和食管癌的外科术式选择

目的 探讨残胃贲门癌和食管癌的外科术式选择及处理要点。方法 1991-2003年间18例残胃贲门癌和食管癌患者，其中食管中段癌3例，食管下段癌2例，贲门癌13例。行残胃代食管2例，结肠代食管3例，空肠代食管胃13例。结果 全部治疗病例中术后吻合口瘘1例，17天死亡，上切缘阳性1例。1年生存率72.2%(14/18)。3年生存率50%（9/18）。结论 结肠代食管是颈部吻合较理想的选择。胸腔内吻合可视具体情况选择残胃、空肠代部分食管及胃。