The immunomodulatory and antitumor activities of lectins from the mushroom Tricholoma mongolicum

TML-1 and TML-2 were two lectins isolated from the mushroom Tricholoma mongolicum. They did not differ appreciably in their pH stability and cationic requirement for hemagglutinating activity. They both stimulated the production of nitrite ions and activated the macrophages in mice. The two lectins were able to inhibit the growth of implanted sarcoma 180 cells by 68.84% and 92.39% respectively. The growth of tumor cells in the mouse peritoneal cavity was also inhibited by the two lectins with TML-2 expressing a greater potency.     

2,3-吲哚醌抗肿瘤作用研究

目的研究2,3-吲哚醌的抗肿瘤作用及机制。方法观察2,3-吲哚醌对小鼠肉瘤(S180)、小鼠肝癌(H22)、小鼠艾氏腹水瘤实体型(EC)和腹水型(EAC)的抗肿瘤作用;免疫组化法测定药物对S180肿瘤组织中PCNA、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响;核染色法(Hoechst33258染色)和MTT法观察2,3-吲哚醌对人神经母瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞体外促凋亡和抗增殖作用。结果2,3-吲哚醌对3种小鼠移植性肿瘤有抑制作用,对荷瘤鼠血液白细胞水平无影响;2,3-吲哚醌可抑制S180肿瘤组织中PCNA,Bcl-2蛋白表达;2,3-吲哚醌可促进人神经母瘤细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖。结论2,3-吲哚醌有抗肿瘤作用,其机制与抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡有关。     

重组L—门冬酰胺酶与其野生型在体外和体内的抗肿瘤作用比较

目的:研究重组L-门冬酰胺酶对肿瘤细胞体外生长及实验性肿瘤的抑制作用.方法:体外培养肿瘤细胞(K562、L1210和P815),分别用倒置显微镜和透射电镜观察肿瘤细胞的形态学,MTT比色法观察细胞增殖率及抑制率,流式细胞仪分析DNA含量.同时根据移植性肿瘤研究方法小鼠接种L1210、P388、Heps及S_(180)瘤株,观察给药后小鼠存活天数和瘤重.结果:体外细胞培养实验证明,重组L-门冬酰胺酶对K562、L1210和P815细胞生长具有显著抑制作用(P<0.01).体内实验表明,重组L-门冬酰胺酶ip能显著延长移植肿瘤小鼠(L1210和P388)的存活天数(P<0.01),并对小鼠移植性肝癌实体瘤(Heps)生长有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01)。重组L-门冬酰胺酶iv对小鼠Heps和S_(180)肿瘤生长有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01).结论:重组L-门冬酰胺酶对肿瘤细胞体外生长及受试肿瘤有明显抑制作用.本结果对重组L-门冬酰胺酶的临床应用提供实验依据.     

Inhibitory effects of 9-(4-thio-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)guanine on tumor growth and angiogenesis

BACKGROUND: To find a nucleoside with anti-angiogenic activity, we tried to screen an active compound from our nucleoside library. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The compound inhibiting the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) induced by the conditioned medium of lung carcinoma cell line PC-9 was screened. The antitumor activity of the compound was evaluated against murine sarcoma S-180 implanted onto chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). RESULTS: 9-(4-Thio-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)guanine (4'-thioguanosine) was found to be a potent inhibitor of the growth of HUVEC. The growth of S-180 implanted onto CAM was also inhibited by 4'-thioguanosine whereas the in vitro growth of S-180 was not inhibited. The administration of 4'-thioguanosine in mice caused unexpected side effect which suggested neurotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Antitumor effect of 4'-thioguanosine on S-180 was suggested to be due to inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Because of toxicity of 4'-thioguanosine in mice, further development of the derivatives which have lower toxicity is required.     

氯化两面针碱体外和体内的抗肿瘤作用

目的观察氯化两面针碱(NC)的抗肿瘤作用。方法采用MTT法观察NC体外对肿瘤细胞存活的影响。移植性S180肉瘤模型小鼠,ip给予NC,每天1次,共10d,测瘤重,计算抑瘤率,并在电镜下观察移植瘤细胞的超微结构。腹水型H22肝癌模型小鼠,sc给予NC,每天1次,共10d,观察小鼠的存活时间,计算生命延长率。结果体外给予NC0.625,1.25,2.5,5.0和10.0mg·L-1可浓度依赖性地降低人鼻咽癌细胞CNE1、人肺癌细胞SPC-A-1和人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231等9种肿瘤细胞的存活率,作用48h平均IC50为(3.33±0.28)mg·L-1。体内给予NC2.5,5.0和10.0mg·kg-1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑瘤率分别为1.95%,27.3%和42.9%,对腹水型H22肝癌小鼠的生命延长率分别为35.7%,71.4%和85.7%。电镜下可见NC10.0mg·kg-1组S180移植瘤细胞核染色质浓缩并边缘化,核碎裂,胞浆空泡化明显。结论NC体内外应用均具有明显的抗肿瘤作用。     

4-甲基哌嗪-1-二硫代甲酸-(3-氰基-3,3-二苯基)丙酯盐酸盐在小鼠的抗肿瘤作用

目的 :观察 4 甲基哌嗪 1 二硫代甲酸 (3 氰基 3,3 二苯基 )丙酯盐酸盐 (Hyd)对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用 ,以确定该化合物的应用前景。方法 :采用小鼠肉瘤 180和肝癌 2 2及人胃癌异种移植裸鼠肿瘤模型 ,观察Hyd对小鼠移植性肿瘤生长的影响。结果 :通过口服灌胃给药 ,不同浓度Hyd对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180 抑制率可达到 4 6 .4 %～ 5 9.6 % (P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 0 1) ;对小鼠移植性肝癌H2 2 抑制率可达到39 .3%～ 5 1.6 % (P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1) ;对裸鼠人胃癌异种移植瘤的抑制率可达到 18.1%～ 5 9.0 %。结论 :Hyd对小鼠移植性肝癌H2 2 和小鼠移植性肉瘤S180 有明显抑制作用 ,对人胃癌裸小鼠异种移植性肿瘤也有明显抑制作用     

The anticancer activities of wogonin in murine sarcoma S180 both in vitro and in vivo

The anticancer effects of wogonin on murine sarcoma S180 both in vitro and in vivo were investigated, and its pro-apoptotic molecular mechanism was further studied. Wogonin treatment resulted in significant inhibition of S180 cells in a concentration-dependent manner detected by MTT assay. The IC(50) value for 48 h was (7.37+/-1.53)x10(-5) M. Typical morphological changes and apoptosis bleb phenomenon in S180 cells exposed to wogonin were distinctly observed by the inverted light microscope and the fluorescence microscope, respectively. According to protocols of transplanted tumor research,(1)) mice were transplanted with tumor cells S180. The weight of tumor and the peripheral leucocyte count were observed after the treatment of wogonin. The significant suppression of tumor growth was observed, and the peripheral leucocyte count of S180-bearing mice remained no significant changes compared with control group. After the treatment of 40 mg/kg wogonin, the inhibitory rate of tumor weight was 53.01%. Additional DNA fragmentation assay showed that wogonin induced apoptosis on murine sarcoma S180 tissue. RT-PCR results indicated that the increasing mRNA levels of bax and p53 and the decreasing mRNA level of bcl-2 were induced by wogonin. Western-blot assay showed that the increasing protein level of bax and the decreasing protein level of bcl-2 were induced by wogonin. Collectively, wogonin could induce apoptosis in murine sarcoma S180 thereby inhibiting the tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. The pro-apoptotic effects might be related to the improvement of mRNA level of p53, the improvement of mRNA and protein levels of bax, and the reduction of mRNA and protein levels of bcl-2.     

Suppression of tumor growth by a new glycosaminoglycan isolated from the African giant snail Achatina fulica

Acharan sulfate is a new type of glycosaminoglycan from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica. Acharan sulfate, which has a primary repeating disaccharide structure of alpha-D-N-acetylglucosaminyl-2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-iduronic acid, was studied as a potential antitumor agent in both in vivo and in vitro assays. The antiangiogenic activity of acharan sulfate was evaluated in the chorioallantoic membrane assay and by measuring its effect on the proliferation of calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells. In vivo, a matrigel plug assay showed that acharan sulfate suppressed basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-stimulated angiogenesis and lowered the hemoglobin (Hb) content inside the plug. Acharan sulfate was administered s.c. at two doses for 15 days to C57BL/6 mice implanted with murine Lewis lung carcinoma in the back. It was also administered i.p. to ICR mice bearing sarcoma 180 at a dose of 30 mg/kg. Subcutaneous injection of acharan sulfate at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg decreased tumor weight and tumor volume by 40% without toxicity or resistance. Intraperitoneal injection of acharan sulfate also decreased tumor weight and volume by 40% in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. These results suggest that the antitumor activity of acharan sulfate may be related to the inhibition of angiogenesis.     

Immunological studies on the antitumor components of the basidiocarps ofAgrocybe cylindracea

The effects of cylindan, a polysaccharide isolated from the basidiocarps ofAgrocybe cylindracea, on murine sarcoma 180 tumor and murine immune cells were examined after intraperitoneal administration. Cylindan exhibited a marked life extension effect in mice against ascite forms of sarcoma 180 and Lewis lung carcinoma at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, although it did not show any direct cytotoxicity against sarcoma 180, X5563, and MM46 murine tumor cells. Cylindan increased numbers of bone marrow stem cells as well as peritoneal exudate cells in flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. The tumor bearing mice group apparently showed the increase of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mouse spleen cells during the early stage of tumor growth. But during the later stage, the control group decreased immune cells and cylindan restored the decreased immune cells in the tumor bearing mice to the normal level. In non-specific immune response, cylindan stimulated the bacterial phagocytosis and acid phosphatase production in macrophages. It also activated components of the alternative complement pathway and natural killer activity against YAC-1 lymphoma. In humoral immunity, cylindan had a mitogenic effect against splenocytes and increased the number of plasma cells as token of stimulation of the differentiation of B lymphocytes. In cellular immunity, cylindan restored the depressed response of delayed type hypersensitivity in the tumor bearing mice to 60% of the normal level and increased the interleukin-2 (IL-2) responsiveness in the IL-2 dependent CTLL-2 cells. These results suggest that cylindan did not show direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells but restored the decreased immune response of the tumor bearing mice.     

传统中药白花蛇舌草的抗肿瘤活性研究(英文)

研究了传统中药白花蛇舌草的乙醇提取有效部位对S180小鼠模型的肿瘤生长抑制作用、免疫系统及小鼠生存天数的影响。该醇提部位能有效抑制S180小鼠的肿瘤生长,并延长荷瘤小鼠的生存天数。通过灌胃给药,醇提有效部位在10mg/kg的剂量下与阳性对照药物环磷酰胺(20mg/kg)相比,能够有效降低荷瘤小鼠体内的肿瘤大小与重量。对荷瘤小鼠的脾指数,胸腺指数及血常规参数研究表明,该醇提有效部位对荷瘤小鼠未见明显的毒副作用。总之,研究结果表明白花蛇舌草的醇提部位具有有效的抗肿瘤活性。     

Albaconol的抗肿瘤活性及对DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ的影响

目的　研究地花菌提取物Albaconol的体内外抗肿瘤活性及对DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ (TOPOⅡ )活性的影响。方法　以人白血病细胞株K5 6 2、人乳腺癌细胞株Bcap 37、人胃腺癌细胞株BGC 82 3和人非小细胞肺癌细胞株A5 4 9为模型 ,采用MTT法测试Albaconol对肿瘤细胞增殖的影响 ;以小鼠移植性肉瘤S180 和小鼠移植性肝癌H2 2 为模型 ,检测Al baconol静脉给药对肿瘤生长的影响 ;以 pBR32 2DNA为底物 ,采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法测定Albaconol对肿瘤细胞DNATOPOⅡ活性的影响。结果　Albaconol对K5 6 2、Bcap 37、BGC 82 3、A5 4 9的半数抑制浓度 (IC50 )分别为 (2 4 2±1 77)、(1 88± 1 4 1)、(1 0 4± 0 6 4 )、(1 18± 1 10 )mg·L-1;Albaconol0 87、1 73、3 4 6mg·kg-1剂量组对S180 生长的抑制百分率 (抑瘤率 )分别为 2 8 2 %、4 3 2 %、4 7 4 % ;对H2 2 的抑瘤率分别为 15 6 %、2 2 4 %、37 8% ;Albaconol能明显影响DNATOPOⅡ的活性 ,表现为促进其介导的DNA解旋或断裂 ,并抑制其介导的DNA再连接反应。结论　Alba conol具有较强的体内、外抗肿瘤活性 ,DNATOPOⅡ是其抗肿瘤作用的细胞内靶点之一。     

甲地孕酮对小鼠移植性肿瘤的作用

目的 :观察甲地孕酮胶囊对肿瘤生长的抑制作用。方法 :应用小鼠可移植性自发乳腺癌 MA-73 7和实体瘤 S180 ,分别以C5 7BL/6J和 ICR小鼠为荷瘤动物 ,甲地孕酮胶囊 (MA)单独给予或与环磷酰胺 (CTX)合并给药 ,与环磷酰胺比较抑瘤作用。结果 :MA可有效抑制乳腺癌 MA-73 7生长 ,po 2 0 0 mg· kg-1 MA作用与中 CTX80 mg· kg-1 相近。对 S180肉瘤 ,MA无直接抑制作用 ,但它与 CTX合用 ,可增强 CTX的抑瘤作用。结论 :甲地孕酮可抑制肿瘤的生长 ,与 CTX合用有增效作用     

The formation and metabolism of N-hydroxymethyl compounds--IV. Cytotoxicity and antitumour activity of N-hydroxymethylformamide, a putative metabolite of N-methylformamide (NSC 3051)

Experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that N-hydroxymethylformamide (HMF) is the active metabolite of the antitumour agent N-methylformamide (NMF). In an in vitro bioassay against the TLX5 lymphoma HMF was more cytotoxic than NMF; this cytotoxicity was abolished by preincubating the TLX5 cells with semicarbazide, a formaldehyde trapping agent. Similarly, the inhibition of incorporation of radiolabelled thymidine, uridine, formate and leucine into TLX5 cells elicited by HMF was eliminated by preincubation of the cells with semicarbazide. HMF is considerably less toxic to tumour-bearing BDF1 mice than NMF and, unlike NMF, does not reduce hepatic glutathione levels in vivo. HMF has no inhibitory activity against the TLX5 lymphoma or the Sarcoma 180 in mice in vivo and only marginal activity against the M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma; these tumours are highly sensitive to NMF. However, like NMF, HMF inhibits growth of the human mammary tumour MX-1 implanted in the subrenal capsule of mice.     

Ampelopsin sodium exhibits antitumor effects against bladder carcinoma in orthotopic xenograft models

The aim of this study was to establish xenograft models of tumor in mice bladder and evaluate the antitumor efficacy of ampelopsin sodium (Amp-Na). A total of 2×10 human bladder carcinoma EJ cells and murine sarcoma 180 cells were instilled into the bladder of BALB/c nu/nu mice and Swiss mice after preconditioning to establish the tumor model. Mice bearing orthotopic tumors were treated with Amp-Na by intravenous, intraperitoneal, or intravesical instillation. In addition, the pharmacokinetics property of Amp-Na was investigated in normal BALB/c mice. Our results showed that Amp-Na was excreted mainly through the urine, where it existed at a high concentration. Amp-Na significantly inhibited the proliferation of EJ and sarcoma 180 cells both in vivo and in vitro and this can be at least partially attributed to the cell cycle arrest induced by Amp-Na. This study suggests that the use of Amp-Na is an attractive chemotherapeutic modality for bladder cancer patients.     

注射用香菇多糖的抗肿瘤效应量效关系考察试验研究

目的观察不同浓度的注射用香菇多糖对皮下植入S180腹水瘤小鼠实体肿瘤抑制率及药物浓度与抑瘤率的量效关系。方法小鼠腹股沟皮下植入3.6×106个S180腹水瘤细胞后,每只腹腔注射不同浓度注射用香菇多糖溶液(0.250 0、0.125 0、0.062 5、0.031 3、0.015 6、0.007 8 mg·mL-1)0.1 mL,连续注射5 d,然后停药1 d,从给药开始第7天起再连续注射5 d,肿瘤移植18 d后对肿瘤进行称量。结果注射用香菇多糖各剂量组小鼠肿瘤重量明显低于模型对照组,差异有显著性意义;注射用香菇多糖给药浓度在0.007 8⁰.250 0 mg·mL-1范围内,其浓度对数-抑瘤率的回归线性方程相关系数分别为:0.956、0.962、0.978。结论注射用香菇多糖具有明显抗肿瘤作用,且给药浓度对数-肿瘤抑制率有良好的线性关系。     

负载肝癌排斥抗原肽的树突状细胞瘤苗活化T细胞的应用

目的　探讨负载肝癌排斥抗原肽SLIVHLNEV(C met突变肽 ) [1 ] 的树突状细胞瘤苗活化的T细胞在体外及裸鼠肝癌模型体内诱导的特异性抗肿瘤免疫。方法　用肝癌排斥抗原肽SLIVHLNEV致敏从脾脏中分离培养的树突状细胞 ,再与同源T淋巴细胞混合培养。乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)释放法检测细胞毒作用。同时建立荷人肝癌细胞系HHCC的裸鼠移植瘤模型 ,观察DC瘤苗活化的T细胞预防移植瘤发生和抑制移植瘤生长的作用。结果　在体外实验中 ,DC瘤苗诱导的CTLs能够特异性杀伤HHCC肝癌细胞。在裸鼠模型中 ,CTLs不但能预防裸鼠移植瘤的发生 ,而且抑制裸鼠移植瘤生长。结论　负载肝癌排斥抗原肽SLIVHLNEV的树突状细胞瘤苗活化的T细胞在体外和裸鼠模型中均可诱导较强的抗肿瘤免疫     

Anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities of 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone

In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities of 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (HMC). HMC decreased angiogenesis in both chick embryos in the chorioallantoic membrane assay and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced vessel formation in the mouse Matrigel plug assay. This compound also reduced the proliferation of calf pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and was found to possess relatively weak gelatinase/collagenase inhibitory activity in vitro. HMC, when administered subcutaneously at the dose of 30 mg/kg for 20 d to mice implanted with murine Lewis lung carcinoma, caused a significant inhibition of tumor volume by 27.2%. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment at the same dosage for 10 d to ICR mice bearing sarcoma 180 caused a significant suppression in tumor weight by 33.7%. Taken together, out data demonstrate that the anti-angiogenic activities of HMC might be due to anti-proliferative activity under inhibition of the induction of COX-2 enzyme. Furthermore, the results suggest that the potent anti-angiogenic activity of HMC seems to be the possible mechanism of action in these animal models of solid tumors.     

Anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities of isoflavonoids from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis

The present study was carried out to clarify whether tectorigenin and tectoridin isolated from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (Iridaceae) inhibit angiogenesis by the experimental methods in vitro and in vivo. Tectorigenin and tectoridin decreased angiogenesis of both chick embryos in the chorioallantoic membrane assay and basic fibroblast growth factor-induced vessel formation in the mouse Matrigel plug assay. Both compounds also reduced the proliferation of calf pulmonary arterial endothelial (CPAE) cells and found to possess relatively weak gelatinase/collagenase inhibitory activity in vitro. Tectorigenin exhibited a much stronger anti-proliferative activity than its glycoside, tectoridin and was almost equipotent to that of genistein, a reference drug. Tectorigenin, when administered subcutaneously at the dose of 30 mg/kg for 20 days to mice implanted with murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), caused a significant inhibition of tumor volume by 30.8 %. Tectorigenin and tectoridin, when treated i. p. at the same dosage for 10 days to ICR mice bearing sarcoma 180, caused a significant suppression in tumor weight by 44.2 and 24.8 %, respectively.     

黄芪总苷的抑瘤作用及其作用机制

目的　探讨黄芪总苷的抗肿瘤作用及其作用机制。方法　采用小鼠肝癌 (HepA)和肉瘤 (S1 80 )两种小鼠移植瘤的动物模型 ,以瘤重抑制率作指标。体外采用人宫颈癌细胞株HeLa细胞 ,用MTT法测肿瘤细胞的生长 ,流式细胞术及TUNEL法检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡。结果　黄芪总苷显著抑制小鼠肝癌 (HepA)和肉瘤 (S1 80 )的生长 ;体外可显著抑制HeLa细胞的生长 ,使细胞周期阻滞于G0 /G1 期 ,并诱导其凋亡。结论　黄芪总苷对小鼠肝癌 (HepA)与肉瘤(S1 80 )具有抑瘤作用。对HeLa细胞的生长有直接抑制作用。其抗肿瘤作用可能与细胞周期阻滞于G0 /G1 期和诱导细胞凋亡有关     

参麦注射液的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究参麦注射液体内外抗肿瘤作用.方法 以小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌实体瘤模型考察参麦注射液的体内抑瘤作用;通过MTT法考察参麦注射液体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞的增殖抑制作用.结果 参麦注射液在体内对小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌均有显著的抑制作用,且呈剂量相关性,中、高剂量抑瘤率可达35％以上;体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞亦有增殖抑制作用,且呈浓度-时间相关性,48 h的IC50值分别为0.36、0.72 g/mL,72h的IC50值分别为0.21、0.29 g/mL.结论 参麦注射液体内外均有显著的抗肿瘤活性.